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Advanced Biomaterials for Medical Applications (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 5144

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Mechanics Laboratory of Normandy, INSA Rouen, 76131 St Etienne du Rouvray, France
2. 3D Printing 4U (UG), 51103 Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Interests: biomaterials, pure and composite PLA materials, bone material characterization; bone biomechanics; orthopaedic and orthodontic prosthesis; FE simulation; additive manufacturing, structural optimization and structural reliability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
Interests: biomaterials, including antibacterial metals for medical applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Growing pressure on today’s engineers for creative engineering design is commonplace. Along with growing social expectations for more perfect and reliable products, this fosters an environment for an interdisciplinary approach to structural, material, and technological design. When receiving a specific task to meet a clearly defined need, today’s engineer must pay attention to the shape of the element as well as to how the product will be made, thus determining the functional and operational properties of the finished product.

Modern biomaterials are entirely in line with this trend. The need for continuous development and a multilevel approach to the problems of modern medicine requires the use of advanced engineering materials.

Contemporary biomaterials combine many features, both material and functional, which must precisely meet specific needs. Obtaining this type of material and giving it the appropriate features requires the solving of numerous tasks and much research, all of which can be shared in this Special Issue. Aiming to highlight this concept, this Special Issue will focus on advanced biomaterials and their modification, production, and research.

I kindly invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome.

Dr. Ghais Kharmanda
Prof. Dr. Ke Yang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomaterials
  • sustainable materials
  • nontoxic materials
  • biodegradable materials
  • compatible materials

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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11 pages, 7897 KiB  
Article
In Vivo Study of Organ and Tissue Stability According to the Types of Bioresorbable Bone Screws
by Tae-Young Kwon, Geum-Hwa Lee, Hyuk Lee and Kwang-Bok Lee
Materials 2024, 17(22), 5632; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17225632 - 18 Nov 2024
Viewed by 329
Abstract
Biodegradable material, such as magnesium alloy or polylactic acid (PLA), is a promising candidate for orthopedic surgery. The alloying of metals and the addition of rare earths to increase mechanical strength are still questionable in terms of biosafety as absorbent materials. Therefore, the [...] Read more.
Biodegradable material, such as magnesium alloy or polylactic acid (PLA), is a promising candidate for orthopedic surgery. The alloying of metals and the addition of rare earths to increase mechanical strength are still questionable in terms of biosafety as absorbent materials. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand the effect of substances due to the degradation of various biodegradable substances on organs in the body or surrounding tissues. A total of eighty male Sprague−Dawley rats were selected for this study, and the animals were divided into four groups. Each of the three experimental groups was implanted with magnesium alloy, polymer, and titanium implants; the control group only drilled into the cortical bone. Serum assay, micro-CT, hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunoblotting, and real-time PCR were evaluated. There was no significant difference between the two groups of magnesium alloy and polymer in serum assay, but micro-CT analysis confirmed that magnesium alloy degrades faster than polymer, and histological examination showed a strong inflammatory response in the early stages, which was similarly observed in immunoblotting and real-time PCR. Our findings show that there was no toxicity due to the degradation of the biodegradable material, and the difference in each inflammatory response is thought to be determined by the rate of degradation in the body. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biomaterials for Medical Applications (2nd Edition))
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15 pages, 3173 KiB  
Article
Advanced 3D Printing of Polyetherketoneketone Hydroxyapatite Composites via Fused Filament Fabrication with Increased Interlayer Connection
by Krzysztof Rodzeń, Eiméar O’Donnell, Frances Hasson, Alistair McIlhagger, Brian J. Meenan, Jawad Ullah, Beata Strachota, Adam Strachota, Sean Duffy and Adrian Boyd
Materials 2024, 17(13), 3161; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17133161 - 27 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Additively manufactured implants, surgical guides, and medical devices that would have direct contact with the human body require predictable behaviour when stress is applied during their standard operation. Products built with Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) possess orthotropic characteristics, thus, it is necessary to [...] Read more.
Additively manufactured implants, surgical guides, and medical devices that would have direct contact with the human body require predictable behaviour when stress is applied during their standard operation. Products built with Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) possess orthotropic characteristics, thus, it is necessary to determine the properties that can be achieved in the XY- and Z-directions of printing. A concentration of 10 wt% of hydroxyapatite (HA) in polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) matrix was selected as the most promising biomaterial supporting cell attachment for medical applications and was characterized with an Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of 78.3 MPa and 43.9 MPa in the XY- and Z-directions of 3D printing, respectively. The effect of the filler on the crystallization kinetics, which is a key parameter for the selection of semicrystalline materials suitable for 3D printing, was explained. This work clearly shows that only in situ crystallization provides the ability to build parts with a more thermodynamically stable primary form of crystallites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biomaterials for Medical Applications (2nd Edition))
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20 pages, 39059 KiB  
Article
Multifunctional Hybrid Material for Endoprosthetic Implants Based on Alumina-Toughened Zirconia Ceramics and Additively Manufactured TiNbTa Alloys
by Jan-Oliver Sass, Paul Henke, Aurica Mitrovic, Markus Weinmann, Daniel Kluess, Jan Johannsen, Marie-Luise Sellin, Ulrich Lembke, Daniel Reimer, Cornelia Lork, Anika Jonitz-Heincke and Rainer Bader
Materials 2024, 17(8), 1838; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17081838 - 16 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1237
Abstract
Aseptic implant loosening after a total joint replacement is partially influenced by material-specific factors when cobalt–chromium alloys are used, including osteolysis induced by wear and corrosion products and stress shielding. Here, we aim to characterize a hybrid material consisting of alumina-toughened zirconia (ATZ) [...] Read more.
Aseptic implant loosening after a total joint replacement is partially influenced by material-specific factors when cobalt–chromium alloys are used, including osteolysis induced by wear and corrosion products and stress shielding. Here, we aim to characterize a hybrid material consisting of alumina-toughened zirconia (ATZ) ceramics and additively manufactured Ti-35Nb-6Ta (TiNbTa) alloys, which are joined by a glass solder. The structure of the joint, the static and fatigue shear strength, the influence of accelerated aging, and the cytotoxicity with human osteoblasts are characterized. Furthermore, the biomechanical properties of the functional demonstrators of a femoral component for total knee replacements are evaluated. The TiNbTa-ATZ specimens showed a homogenous joint with statistically distributed micro-pores and a slight accumulation of Al-rich compounds at the glass solder–TiNbTa interface. Shear strengths of 26.4 ± 4.2 MPa and 38.2 ± 14.4 MPa were achieved for the TiNbTa-ATZ and Ti-ATZ specimens, respectively, and they were not significantly affected by the titanium material used, nor by accelerated aging (p = 0.07). All of the specimens survived 107 cycles of shear loading to 10 MPa. Furthermore, the TiNbTa-ATZ did not impair the proliferation and metabolic activity of the human osteoblasts. Functional demonstrators made of TiNbTa-ATZ provided a maximum bearable extension–flexion moment of 40.7 ± 2.2 Nm. The biomechanical and biological properties of TiNbTa-ATZ demonstrate potential applications for endoprosthetic implants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biomaterials for Medical Applications (2nd Edition))
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13 pages, 3357 KiB  
Article
Nanoparticles Partially Restore Bacterial Susceptibility to Antibiotics
by Nina Bogdanchikova, Roberto Luna Vazquez-Gomez, Ekaterina Nefedova, Diana Garibo, Alexey Pestryakov, Evgenii Plotnikov and Nikolay N. Shkil
Materials 2024, 17(7), 1629; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071629 - 2 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1224
Abstract
The growing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is one of the main public health problems nowadays. The influence of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) pretreatment of 220 cows with mastitis on the susceptibility of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria to 31 antibiotics was studied. The obtained results [...] Read more.
The growing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is one of the main public health problems nowadays. The influence of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) pretreatment of 220 cows with mastitis on the susceptibility of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria to 31 antibiotics was studied. The obtained results were compared with the previous results for Escherichia coli, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and Staphylococcus aureus. For all four bacteria, an increase in susceptibility (9.5–21.2%) to 31 antibiotics after cow treatment with AgNPs was revealed, while after first-line antibiotic drug treatment as expected, the susceptibility decreased (11.3–27.3%). These effects were explained by (1) the increase in the contribution of isolates with efflux effect after antibiotic treatments and its decrease after AgNP treatment and (2) the changes in bacteria adhesion and anti-lysozyme activity after these treatments. The effect of the increasing antibacterial activity of antibiotics after AgNP treatment was the most pronounced in the case of E. coli and was minimal in the case of S. epidermidis. With AgNP treatment, the time of recovery decreased by 26.8–48.4% compared to the time of recovery after treatment with the first-line antibiotic drugs. The AgNP treatment allows for achieving the partial restoration of the activity of antibiotics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biomaterials for Medical Applications (2nd Edition))
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13 pages, 5653 KiB  
Technical Note
Exploring the Potential of a Novel Iodine-Based Material as an Alternative Contrast Agent in X-ray Imaging Studies
by Kristina Bliznakova, Iliyan Kolev, Nikolay Dukov, Tanya Dimova and Zhivko Bliznakov
Materials 2024, 17(9), 2059; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17092059 - 27 Apr 2024
Viewed by 990
Abstract
Background: Contrast-enhanced mammography is one of the new emerging imaging techniques used for detecting breast tissue lesions. Optimization of imaging protocols and reconstruction techniques for this modality, however, requires the involvement of physical phantoms. Their development is related to the use of radiocontrast [...] Read more.
Background: Contrast-enhanced mammography is one of the new emerging imaging techniques used for detecting breast tissue lesions. Optimization of imaging protocols and reconstruction techniques for this modality, however, requires the involvement of physical phantoms. Their development is related to the use of radiocontrast agents. This study assesses the X-ray properties of a novel contrast material in clinical settings. This material is intended for experimental use with physical phantoms, offering an alternative to commonly available radiocontrast agents. Materials and Methods: The water-soluble sodium salt of the newly synthesized diiodine-substituted natural eudesmic acid, Sodium 2,6-DiIodo-3,4,5-TriMethoxyBenzoate [NaDITMB], has been investigated with respect to one of the most commonly applied radiocontrast medium in medical practice—Omnipaque®. For this purpose, simulation and experimental studies were carried out with a computational phantom and a physical counterpart, respectively. Synthetic and experimental X-ray images were subsequently produced under varying beam kilovoltage peaks (kVps), and the proposed contrast material was evaluated. Results and Discussion: Simulation results revealed equivalent absorptions between the two simulated radiocontrast agents. Experimental findings supported these simulations, showing a maximum deviation of 3.7% between the image gray values of contrast materials for NaDITMB and Omnipaque solutions for a 46 kVp X-ray beam. Higher kVp X-ray beams show even smaller deviations in the mean grey values of the imaged contrast agents, with the NaDITMB solution demonstrating less than a 2% deviation compared to Omnipaque. Conclusion: The proposed contrast agent is a suitable candidate for use in experimental work related to contrast-enhanced imaging by utilizing phantoms. It boasts the advantages of easy synthesis and is recognized for its safety, ensuring a secure environment for both the experimenter and the environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Biomaterials for Medical Applications (2nd Edition))
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