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Materials and Biomaterials in Conventional and Innovative Applications in Dentistry, Otolaryngology and Maxillo-Facial Surgeries

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2021) | Viewed by 12258

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Tonino Traini

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Guest Editor
Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, via die Vestini, 31 66100 Chieti, Italy
Interests: dental materials; biomaterials; mechanics of materials; regenerative medicine; tissue engineering; additive manufacturing technologies; 3D-printing; clinical applications and performances of dental materials; ENT surgery; maxillo-facial surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The evident interdisciplinary aspects of cranial-facial and oral diseases have received interest across several disciplines with the therapeutic strategies managed and operated by several medical specialties such as dentistry, otolaryngology and maxillo-facial surgery. The basic idea is to address and comprehensively cover the new techniques and developments for integrating and innovating ideas in materials and biomaterials applications for the head and neck. The main purpose is to pay special attention to the innovation of materials and digital technologies, which can improve the conditions of patients and/or the therapeutic activities of the clinicians. Therefore, this Special Issue involves many specific topics such as: materials, biomaterials and techniques for aesthetic dentistry and facial surgery; computer-guided surgery; dentoalveolar surgery for hard and soft tissues; implant dentistry; tissue engineering with innovative materials with or without stem cells; ear–nose–throat surgery; reconstructive surgery after trauma. In regenerative medicine, the innovative surgical approach often associated with engineered materials, allowing customized therapeutic modalities, is able to provide the microenvironment of the human organism with the necessary elements for a true tissue regeneration. On the other end, both the materials used for prosthetic treatments and the modern laboratory technologies used to manufacture them necessitate standardization and clinical validation of the results. The forthcoming Special Issue of Materials aims to investigate these attractive fields of research. It is my pleasure to invite you to contribute a research article, a communication, a review or a case report for this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Tonino Traini
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • tissue engineering
  • bone regeneration
  • stem cells
  • zirconia
  • zirconia reinforced lithium silicate
  • PFM restorations
  • lithium disilicate
  • glass ceramics
  • sinus surgery
  • adhesive dentistry
  • computer-aided manufacturing
  • head and neck surgery
  • facial Reconstruction
  • facial trauma
  • microsurgery

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 46100 KiB  
Article
Phase Transformations and Subsurface Changes in Three Dental Zirconia Grades after Sandblasting with Various Al2O3 Particle Sizes
by Hee-Kyung Kim, Kun-Woo Yoo, Seung-Joo Kim and Chang-Ho Jung
Materials 2021, 14(18), 5321; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14185321 - 16 Sep 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3631
Abstract
Although sandblasting is mainly used to improve bonding between dental zirconia and resin cement, the details on the in-depth damages are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate phase transformations and subsurface changes after sandblasting in three different dental zirconia (3, [...] Read more.
Although sandblasting is mainly used to improve bonding between dental zirconia and resin cement, the details on the in-depth damages are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate phase transformations and subsurface changes after sandblasting in three different dental zirconia (3, 4, and 5 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia; 3Y-TZP, 4Y-PSZ, and 5Y-PSZ). Zirconia specimens (14.0 × 14.0 × 1.0 mm3) were sandblasted using different alumina particle sizes (25, 50, 90, 110, and 125 µm) under 0.2 MPa for 10 s/cm2. Phase transformations and residual stresses were investigated using X-ray diffraction and the Williamson-Hall method. Subsurface damages were evaluated with cross-sections by a focused ion beam. Stress field during sandblasting was simulated by the finite element method. The subsurface changes after sandblasting were the emergence of a rhombohedral phase, micro/macro cracks, and compressive/tensile stresses depending on the interactions between blasting particles and zirconia substrates. 3Y-TZP blasted with 110-µm particles induced the deepest transformed layer with the largest compressive stress. The cracks propagated parallel to the surface with larger particles, being located up to 4.5 µm under the surface in 4Y- or 5Y-PSZ subgroups. The recommended sandblasting particles were 110 µm for 3Y-TZP and 50 µm for 4Y-PSZ or 5Y-PSZ for compressive stress-induced phase transformations without significant subsurface damages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Biomaterials in Conventional and Innovative Applications in Dentistry, Otolaryngology and Maxillo-Facial Surgeries)
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15 pages, 4960 KiB  
Article
Water-Airborne-Particle Abrasion as a Pre-Treatment to Improve Bioadhesion and Bond Strength of Glass–Ceramic Restorations: From In Vitro Study to 15-Year Survival Rate
by Luan Mavriqi, Francesco Valente, Bruna Sinjari, Oriana Trubiani, Sergio Caputi and Tonino Traini
Materials 2021, 14(17), 4966; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14174966 - 31 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2272
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of water–airborne-particle abrasion (WAPA) as pre-etching procedure for tooth surfaces to increase bond strength, and to compare the survival rate of WAPA vs. non-WAPA glass–ceramic restorations with a 15-year follow-up. The occlusal surfaces [...] Read more.
The purposes of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of water–airborne-particle abrasion (WAPA) as pre-etching procedure for tooth surfaces to increase bond strength, and to compare the survival rate of WAPA vs. non-WAPA glass–ceramic restorations with a 15-year follow-up. The occlusal surfaces of 20 human molars were sectioned and flattened. The prepared surfaces areas were subdivided into two parts: one received WAPA treatment (prophy jet handpiece with 50 µm aluminium oxide particles) followed by acid etching (37% phosphoric acid for 20 s/3-step etch-and-rinse); the other one was only acid-etched. In total, 108 specimens were obtained from the teeth, of which 80 were used to measure the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) in the WAPA (n = 40) and control (n = 40) groups, while the remaining specimens (n = 28) were investigated via SEM to evaluate the micromorphology and roughness (Ra) before and after the different treatment steps. The survival rate (SR) was performed on 465 glass–ceramic restorations (131 patients) comparing WAPA treatment (n = 183) versus non-WAPA treatment (n = 282). The bond strength was 63.9 ± 7.7 MPa for the WAPA group and 51.7 ± 10.8 MPa for the control group (p < 0.001). The Ra was 98 ± 24 µm for the enamel control group, 150 ± 35 µm for the enamel WAPA group, 102 ± 27 µm for the dentin control group and 160 ± 25 µm for the dentin WAPA group. The Ra increase from the WAPA procedure for enamel and dentin was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Under SEM, resin tags were present in both groups although in the WAPA they appeared to be extended in a 3D arrangement. The SR of the WAPA group (11.4 years) was 94%, while the SR of the non-WAPA group (12.3 years) was 87.6% (p < 0.05). The WAPA treatment using aluminium oxide particles followed by a 3-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system significantly improved bioadhesion with an increased bond strength of 23.6% and provided superior long-term clinical performance of glass–ceramic restorations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Biomaterials in Conventional and Innovative Applications in Dentistry, Otolaryngology and Maxillo-Facial Surgeries)
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17 pages, 6486 KiB  
Article
Influence of Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment on Retentive Strength between Zirconia Crown and Titanium Implant Abutment
by Dae-Sung Kim, Jong-Ju Ahn, Gyoo-Cheon Kim, Chang-Mo Jeong, Jung-Bo Huh and So-Hyoun Lee
Materials 2021, 14(9), 2352; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14092352 - 1 May 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2437
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTP) on retentive strength (RS) between the zirconia crown and the titanium implant abutment using self-adhesive resin cement. Surface free energy (SFE) was calculated on 24 cube-shaped zirconia [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTP) on retentive strength (RS) between the zirconia crown and the titanium implant abutment using self-adhesive resin cement. Surface free energy (SFE) was calculated on 24 cube-shaped zirconia blocks, and RS was measured on 120 zirconia crown-titanium abutment assemblies bonded with G-CEM LinkAce. The groups were categorized according to the zirconia surface treatment as follows: Control (no surface treatment), NTP, Si (Silane), NTP + Si, Pr (Z-Prime Plus), and NTP + Pr. Half of the RS test assemblies were aged by thermocycling for 5000 cycles at 5–55 °C. The SFE was calculated using the Owens-Wendt method, and the RS was measured using a universal testing machine at the maximum load until failure. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) was performed to evaluate the effect of surface treatments on the SFE and RS. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the RS according to thermocycling (p < 0.05). For the SFE analysis, the NTP group had a significantly higher SFE value than the Control group (p < 0.05). For the RS test, in non-thermocycling, the NTP group showed a significantly higher RS value than the Control group (p < 0.05). However, in thermocycling, there was no significant difference between the Control and NTP groups (p > 0.05). In non-thermocycling, comparing with the NTP + Si or NTP + Pr group, there was no significant difference from the Si or Pr group, respectively (p > 0.05). Conversely, in thermocycling, the NTP + Si and NTP + Pr group had significantly lower RS than the Si and Pr group, respectively (p < 0.05). These results suggest that NTP single treatment for the zirconia crown increases the initial RS but has little effect on the long-term RS. Applied with Silane or Z-Prime Plus, NTP pre-treatment has no positive effect on the RS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Biomaterials in Conventional and Innovative Applications in Dentistry, Otolaryngology and Maxillo-Facial Surgeries)
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16 pages, 4826 KiB  
Article
Physical Characterization of Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticle Based Ceramic Composite for Future Biomedical Application
by Pravin Jagdale, Gianpaolo Serino, Goldie Oza, Alberto Luigi Audenino, Cristina Bignardi, Alberto Tagliaferro and Carlos Alvarez-Gayosso
Materials 2021, 14(7), 1626; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14071626 - 26 Mar 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2640
Abstract
Employment and the effect of eco-friendly bismuth oxide nanoparticles (BiONPs) in bio-cement were studied. The standard method was adopted to prepare BiONPs-composite. Water was adopted for dispersing BiONPs in the composite. A representative batch (2 wt. % of BiONPs) was prepared without water [...] Read more.
Employment and the effect of eco-friendly bismuth oxide nanoparticles (BiONPs) in bio-cement were studied. The standard method was adopted to prepare BiONPs-composite. Water was adopted for dispersing BiONPs in the composite. A representative batch (2 wt. % of BiONPs) was prepared without water to study the impact of water on composite properties. For each batch, 10 samples were prepared and tested. TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) performed on composite showed 0.8 wt. % losses in samples prepared without water whereas, maximum 2 wt. % weight losses observed in the water-based composite. Presence of BiONPs resulted in a decrease in depth of curing. Three-point bending flexural strength decreased for increasing BiONPs content. Comparative study between 2 wt. % samples with and without water showed 10.40 (±0.91) MPa and 28.45 (±2.50) MPa flexural strength values, respectively, indicating a significant (p < 0.05) increase of the mechanical properties at the macroscale. Nanoindentation revealed that 2 wt. % without water composites showed significant (p < 0.05) highest nanoindentation modulus 26.4 (±1.28) GPa and hardness 0.46 (±0.013) GPa. Usage of water as dispersion media was found to be deleterious for the overall characteristics of the composite but, at the same time, the BiONPs acted as a very promising filler that can be used in this class of composites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials and Biomaterials in Conventional and Innovative Applications in Dentistry, Otolaryngology and Maxillo-Facial Surgeries)
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