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Materials
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Modelling of Fracture and Microstructure of Steels
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Modelling of Fracture and Microstructure of Steels

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2022) | Viewed by 6876

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Alexander Yu Churyumov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physical Metallurgy of Non-Ferrous Metals, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskiy Prospekt 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
Interests: modelling; fracture; microstructure; finite element method; steels; additive manufacturing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Modern industry requires steels with an increasingly high level of mechanical properties. One of the ways to enhance these properties is to increase the degree of alloying. However, many high-alloyed steels which are currently used as structural materials have reduced technological plasticity when deformed by complex schemes of hot deformation. The deformation of such materials is accompanied by a discontinuity with the formation of ruptures on the surface, which necessitates subsequent stripping of semi-finished products, and sometimes completely removes them to the spoilage. In addition, the final structure of the material essentially depends on the deformation conditions, which significantly affects the functional properties. To reduce waste during production and to get the required structure in materials, preliminary modelling is necessary to determine the optimal parameters of plastic deformation. This Special Issue aims to present new achievements in the modelling and simulation of fracture processes and the formation of microstructures during plastic deformation, as well as their subsequent implementation by finite element and cellular automata methods. The modelling will enable the creation of intelligent manufacturing technologies for the plastic deformation of steels, ensuring minimum losses and making it possible to predict the microstructure and functional properties of products at the development stage.

Dr. Alexander Yu Churyumov
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • modelling
  • fracture
  • microstructure
  • finite element method
  • cellular automata
  • steels
  • hot deformation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 6272 KiB  
Article
Prediction of True Stress at Hot Deformation of High Manganese Steel by Artificial Neural Network Modeling
by Alexander Yu. Churyumov and Alena A. Kazakova
Materials 2023, 16(3), 1083; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16031083 - 26 Jan 2023
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 5124
Abstract
The development of new lightweight materials is required for the automotive industry to reduce the impact of carbon dioxide emissions on the environment. The lightweight, high-manganese steels are the prospective alloys for this purpose. Hot deformation is one of the stages of the [...] Read more.
The development of new lightweight materials is required for the automotive industry to reduce the impact of carbon dioxide emissions on the environment. The lightweight, high-manganese steels are the prospective alloys for this purpose. Hot deformation is one of the stages of the production of steel. Hot deformation behavior is mainly determined by chemical composition and thermomechanical parameters. In the paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) model with high accuracy was constructed to describe the high Mn steel deformation behavior in dependence on the concentration of the alloying elements (C, Mn, Si, and Al), the deformation temperature, the strain rate, and the strain. The approval compression tests of the Fe–28Mn–8Al–1C were made at temperatures of 900–1150 °C and strain rates of 0.1–10 s−1 with an application of the Gleeble 3800 thermomechanical simulator. The ANN-based model showed high accuracy, and the low average relative error of calculation for both training (5.4%) and verification (7.5%) datasets supports the high accuracy of the built model. The hot deformation effective activation energy values for predicted (401 ± 5 kJ/mol) and experimental data (385 ± 22 kJ/mol) are in satisfactory accordance, which allows applying the model for the hot deformation analysis of the high-Mn steels with different concentrations of the main alloying elements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling of Fracture and Microstructure of Steels)
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13 pages, 1497 KiB  
Article
Innovative Design of Residual Stress and Strain Distributions for Analyzing the Hydrogen Embrittlement Phenomenon in Metallic Materials
by Jesús Toribio, Miguel Lorenzo and Leticia Aguado
Materials 2022, 15(24), 9063; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15249063 - 19 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1803
Abstract
Round-notched samples are commonly used for testing the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of metallic materials. Hydrogen diffusion is influenced by the stress and strain states generated during testing. This state causes hydrogen-assisted micro-damage leading to failure that is due to HE. In [...] Read more.
Round-notched samples are commonly used for testing the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of metallic materials. Hydrogen diffusion is influenced by the stress and strain states generated during testing. This state causes hydrogen-assisted micro-damage leading to failure that is due to HE. In this study, it is assumed that hydrogen diffusion can be controlled by modifying such residual stress and strain fields. Thus, the selection of the notch geometry to be used in the experiments becomes a key task. In this paper, different HE behaviors are analyzed in terms of the stress and strain fields obtained under diverse loading conditions (un-preloaded and preloaded causing residual stress and strains) in different notch geometries (shallow notches and deep notches). To achieve this goal, two uncoupled finite element (FE) simulations were carried out: (i) a simulation by FE of the loading sequences applied in the notched geometries for revealing the stress and strain states and (ii) a simulation of hydrogen diffusion assisted by stress and strain, for estimating the hydrogen distributions. According to results, hydrogen accumulation in shallow notches is heavily localized close to the wire surface, whereas for deep notches, hydrogen is more uniformly distributed. The residual stress and plastic strains generated by the applied preload localize maximum hydrogen concentration at deeper points than un-preloaded cases. As results, four different scenarios are established for estimating “a la carte” the HE susceptibility of pearlitic steels just combining two notch depths and the residual stress and strain caused by a preload. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling of Fracture and Microstructure of Steels)
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9 pages, 8012 KiB  
Article
Initial Stage Carbonization of γ-Fe(100) Surface in C2H2 under High Temperature: A Molecular Dynamic Simulation
by Yu Sun, Ling Wang, Hao Wang, Ziqiang He, Laihao Yang and Xuefeng Chen
Materials 2021, 14(20), 5957; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14205957 - 11 Oct 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1742
Abstract
In the present work, initial stage carbonization of γ-Fe(100) surface in C2H2 from 1000 K to 1600 K has been investigated by a molecular dynamic (MD) simulation, based on which the atomic mechanism of initial stage carbonization was provided. The [...] Read more.
In the present work, initial stage carbonization of γ-Fe(100) surface in C2H2 from 1000 K to 1600 K has been investigated by a molecular dynamic (MD) simulation, based on which the atomic mechanism of initial stage carbonization was provided. The absorption of C and H atoms during the carbonization process under different temperatures was analyzed. The related distributions of C and H atoms in carbonized layer were provided. The results manifested that higher temperature enhanced the inward diffusion of C and H, meanwhile caused the desorption of H atom. Furthermore, the effect of preset polycrystal γ-Fe on the carbonization process has been discussed, indicating a promoting role to the absorption and inner diffusion of C and H atom. The results of this study may support the optimal design of high-performance steel to some extent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling of Fracture and Microstructure of Steels)
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