Latest Research on Pollutants Removal from Aqueous Media by Membrane Processes

A special issue of Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375). This special issue belongs to the section "Membrane Processing and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2024) | Viewed by 5288

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Politecnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
Interests: water/wastewater treatment; membrane processes (ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, liquid membranes, polymer inclusion membranes); pollutants removal; membranes modification by graphene based nanomaterials; adsorption process; adsorbents derived from agricultural and forestry biomass; advanced oxidation processes (UV radiation or ultrasounds combined with H2O2, Na2S2O8 or NaIO4); kinetics of water/wastewater treatment processes
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Human activity generates large amounts of domestic, industrial and agricultural wastewater, causing a large number of pollutants of different natures to reach the surface and groundwater, making water pollution one of the most important environmental problems of our world.

Among the different technologies commonly used to deal with this problem, membrane technology has proven to offer effective solutions given, among others, its applicability to pollutants of a very different nature, flexibility (wide range of processes and membranes nature/composition), high selectivity, easy operation, simple equipment, non-extreme experimental conditions and efficient use of energy.

This Special Issue aims to include the results of the most recent research related to the use of the membrane processes for the removal of pollutants of different origin and chemical nature from the aqueous media, including (but not limited to), use of any type of membrane process (ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, pervaporation, liquid membranes, polymeric inclusion membranes, membrane reactors, etc.), design, improvement, application and combination of these processes, use  of membranes of different nature, preparation and use of modified membranes and development of new mathematical models to describe the processes. Both research and review papers are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Gerardo León
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • membrane processes
  • priority and emerging pollutants
  • combined membrane processes
  • membrane modification and use
  • wastewater treatment
  • modeling
  • design
  • improvement

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1393 KiB  
Article
Ultra-Stable Inorganic Mesoporous Membranes for Water Purification
by Ralph A. Bauer, Minghui Qiu, Melissa C. Schillo-Armstrong, Matthew T. Snider, Zi Yang, Yi Zhou and Hendrik Verweij
Membranes 2024, 14(2), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes14020034 - 27 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2110
Abstract
Thin, supported inorganic mesoporous membranes are used for the removal of salts, small molecules (PFAS, dyes, and polyanions) and particulate species (oil droplets) from aqueous sources with high flux and selectivity. Nanofiltration membranes can reject simple salts with 80–100% selectivity through a space [...] Read more.
Thin, supported inorganic mesoporous membranes are used for the removal of salts, small molecules (PFAS, dyes, and polyanions) and particulate species (oil droplets) from aqueous sources with high flux and selectivity. Nanofiltration membranes can reject simple salts with 80–100% selectivity through a space charge mechanism. Rejection by size selectivity can be near 100% since the membranes can have a very narrow size distribution. Mesoporous membranes have received particular interest due to their (potential) stability under operational conditions and during defouling operations. More recently, membranes with extreme stability became interesting with the advent of in situ fouling mitigation by means of ultrasound emitted from within the membrane structure. For this reason, we explored the stability of available and new membranes with accelerated lifetime tests in aqueous solutions at various temperatures and pH values. Of the available ceria, titania, and magnetite membranes, none were actually stable under all test conditions. In earlier work, it was established that mesoporous alumina membranes have very poor stability. A new nanofiltration membrane was made of cubic zirconia membranes that exhibited near-perfect stability. A new ultrafiltration membrane was made of amorphous silica that was fully stable in ultrapure water at 80 °C. This work provides details of membrane synthesis, stability characterization and data and their interpretation. Full article
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12 pages, 5305 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of 4-Aminophenol Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Emulsion Liquid Membranes Using Acid and Basic Type 1 Facilitations: Optimisation and Kinetics
by Gerardo León, Juliana Otón, Asunción María Hidalgo, María Isabel Saavedra and Beatriz Miguel
Membranes 2022, 12(12), 1213; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12121213 - 1 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2265
Abstract
The molecule 4-aminophenol (4AP) is recognised as a serious environmental pollutant that enters the environment during the manufacture and processing of a variety of industrial processes and through the degradation of some pharmaceutical products. This paper describes a comparative study of 4AP removal [...] Read more.
The molecule 4-aminophenol (4AP) is recognised as a serious environmental pollutant that enters the environment during the manufacture and processing of a variety of industrial processes and through the degradation of some pharmaceutical products. This paper describes a comparative study of 4AP removal from aqueous solutions by emulsion liquid membranes using acid and basic type 1-facilitated transports. The results are explained by analysing the stripping process through both the different relative acid/basic strength of the hydroxyl and amine groups of the 4AP molecule and the hydrogen-bonding capacity with water of the ionisation products generated by the reaction of 4AP with HCl or NaOH. To optimize the 4AP removal process, the influence of different experimental conditions (stripping agent concentration in the product phase, surfactant concentration in the membrane phase, stirring rate, feed phase/emulsion phase volume ratio, product phase/membrane phase volume ratio and emulsification rate and time) were studied. The kinetics of the removal process has been analysed by fitting the experimental results to first order, second order and the Behnajady and Avrami models. The Behnajady model presents an excellent fit, allowing to calculate both the initial removal rate and the maximal removal conversion. Optimal conditions of the removal process obtained through these parameters are in full agreement with those obtained from the experimental study. Full article
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