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Metals
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Microstructure–Mechanical Property Relationships in High-Strength Steels (2nd Edition)
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Microstructure–Mechanical Property Relationships in High-Strength Steels (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Metal Casting, Forming and Heat Treatment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 3719

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Koh-ichi Sugimoto

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Guest Editor
School of Science and Technology, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
Interests: steel; microstructure; mechanical property; micromechanics; heat treatment; thermo-mechanical process; metal forming; surface treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Tomohiko Hojo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Tohoku Gakuin University, 1-3-1 Tsuchitoi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8511, Japan
Interests: microstructure; plasticity; high-strength steel; heat treatment; mechanical property; materials processing; fracture mechanics; hydrogen embrittlement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Junya Kobayashi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa-cho, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan
Interests: microstructure; plasticity; steel; aluminum alloy; heat treatment; mechanical properties; materials processing; fracture mechanics; hydrogen embrittlement

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A variety of high-strength steels are under development for applications including use in automobiles, industrial machinery, power plants, construction machinery, robots, ships, aircraft, and buildings. Recently, high-strength steels have received a great deal of attention from both the academic and industrial sectors. To properly apply these high-strength steels to machines and parts, there is a requirement for a deep understanding of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the steels subjected to various manufacturing processes, such as casting, rolling, additive manufacturing, heat treatment, the thermo-mechanical process, hot/cold stamping and forging, welding, machining, or surface modifications. In addition, understanding microstructure–mechanical-property relationships is essential when developing novel high-strength steels, since the microstructures that are obtained through different processes greatly affect the mechanical properties of these steels.

This Special Issue of Metals focuses on microstructure–mechanical-property relationships in (1) advanced high-strength steels, including dual-phase steels, complex-phase steels, low-alloy TRIP-aided steels with a different matrix structure, medium-/high-Mn steels, medium-/high-entropy steels, and low-density steels. Additionally, we intend to highlight (2) traditional high-strength steels such as ferritic/pearlitic steels, precipitation-hardening steels, bainitic/martensitic steels, maraging steels, stainless steels, bearing steels, spring steels, or rail steels. In addition to inviting submissions on these topics, we also welcome research articles on mechanical properties, including tensile properties, formability, toughness, fatigue properties, delayed fracture strength, and wear properties, tested in several conditions, such as elevated and cryogenic temperatures or a corrosive atmosphere.

Prof. Dr. Koh-ichi Sugimoto
Dr. Tomohiko Hojo
Dr. Junya Kobayashi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • physical metallurgy
  • microstructure
  • mechanical properties
  • high-strength steel
  • heat treatment
  • manufacturing process

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 6935 KiB  
Article
Center-Punching Mechanical Clinching Process for Aluminum Alloy and Ultra-High-Strength Steel Sheets
by Ping Qiu, Xiaoxin Lu, Xuewei Dai, Boran Deng and Hong Xiao
Metals 2024, 14(10), 1190; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14101190 - 20 Oct 2024
Viewed by 601
Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid advancement of automotive lightweight technology, the mechanical clinching process between aluminum alloy and ultra-high-strength steel sheets has received extensive attention. However, the low ductility of ultra-high-strength steel sheets often results in conventional mechanical clinching processes producing joints [...] Read more.
In recent years, with the rapid advancement of automotive lightweight technology, the mechanical clinching process between aluminum alloy and ultra-high-strength steel sheets has received extensive attention. However, the low ductility of ultra-high-strength steel sheets often results in conventional mechanical clinching processes producing joints that either fail to establish effective interlocks or cause the steel sheets to fracture. To address this issue, a novel mechanical clinching process is presented, called center-punching mechanical clinching (CPMC). This innovative process employs a method of punching, flanging, and bulging gradation to achieve the mechanical clinching of aluminum alloy and ultra-high-strength steel sheets in a single step. In order to determine the effects of different parameters on the quality and strength of the joint, an experimental study was carried out for various die depths and diameters based on the condition of constant punch size. Based on tensile and shear tests, the static strength and failure modes of CPMC joints were analyzed. The results indicated that the CPMC process significantly enhances the connectivity of joints for AA5052 aluminum alloy and DP980 ultra-high-strength steel. Optimal tensile and shear strengths of 1264 and 2249 N, respectively, were achieved at a die depth of 2.2 mm and a diameter of 10.4 mm. The CPMC process provides new ideas for the mechanical clinching of aluminum alloy and ultra-high-strength steels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure–Mechanical Property Relationships in High-Strength Steels (2nd Edition))
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15 pages, 23687 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Shear-Punched Surface Layer Damage in Ultrahigh-Strength TRIP-Aided Steels with Bainitic Ferrite and/or Martensite Matrix Structure
by Koh-ichi Sugimoto, Shoya Shioiri, Junya Kobayashi and Tomohiko Hojo
Metals 2024, 14(9), 1034; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14091034 - 11 Sep 2024
Viewed by 690
Abstract
The damage to the shear-punched surface layers such as strain-hardening, strain-induced martensite transformation, and micro-void initiation behaviors was evaluated in the third-generation low-carbon advanced ultrahigh-strength TRIP-aided bainitic ferrite (TBF), bainitic ferrite–martensite (TBM), and martensite (TM) steels. In addition, the surface layer damage was [...] Read more.
The damage to the shear-punched surface layers such as strain-hardening, strain-induced martensite transformation, and micro-void initiation behaviors was evaluated in the third-generation low-carbon advanced ultrahigh-strength TRIP-aided bainitic ferrite (TBF), bainitic ferrite–martensite (TBM), and martensite (TM) steels. In addition, the surface layer damage was related to (1) the mean normal stress generated during shear-punching and (2) microstructural properties such as the matrix structure, retained austenite characteristics, and second-phase properties. The shear-punched surface layer damage was produced under the mean normal stress between zero and negative in all the steels. The TBM and TM steels achieved relatively small surface layer damage. The small surface layer damage resulted in excellent cold stretch-flangeability, with a high crack-propagation/void-connection resistance on hole expansion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure–Mechanical Property Relationships in High-Strength Steels (2nd Edition))
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14 pages, 5201 KiB  
Article
Development of Predictive Models for Tempering Behavior in Low-Carbon Bainitic Steel Using Integrated Tempering Parameters
by Guojin Sun and Qi Wang
Metals 2024, 14(8), 881; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14080881 - 30 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1063
Abstract
Low-carbon bainitic steels are known for their excellent combination of strength and toughness, making them suitable for various industrial applications. Understanding the tempering behavior of these steels is crucial for optimizing their mechanical properties through heat treatment. This study presents predictive models for [...] Read more.
Low-carbon bainitic steels are known for their excellent combination of strength and toughness, making them suitable for various industrial applications. Understanding the tempering behavior of these steels is crucial for optimizing their mechanical properties through heat treatment. This study presents predictive models for tempering behavior based on empirical data, which is fundamental for understanding the thermal stability and transformation kinetics of the steel. Through integrated tempering parameters, we established predictive models that integrate tempering temperature and time, yielding a robust framework for predicting hardness. The equivalent tempering kinetic curves and nomographs plotted in this study allow for the direct determination of hardness under various tempering conditions, facilitating the optimization of tempering parameters. The nomogram approach provides a practical method for adjusting tempering parameters to achieve desired mechanical properties efficiently. The accuracy of the predictive models was validated through statistical tests, demonstrating a high correlation between predicted and experimental values. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure–Mechanical Property Relationships in High-Strength Steels (2nd Edition))
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17 pages, 18974 KiB  
Article
Influence of High-Temperature Deformation on the Dissolution of δ-Ferrite in Stainless Steels
by Rahman Bajmalu Rostami, Pedro de Souza Ciacco, Mauricio Claudio Viali Muñoz, Luis Fellipe Simoes and Calixto Isaac Garcia
Metals 2024, 14(7), 783; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14070783 - 3 Jul 2024
Viewed by 999
Abstract
The dissolution behavior of δ-ferrite in two commercial stainless steels, 15-5PH and M-154, was studied. In this work, a new approach combining hot deformation and additional post-treatment was investigated and compared with conventional annealing heat treatments for the dissolution of δ-ferrite. The results [...] Read more.
The dissolution behavior of δ-ferrite in two commercial stainless steels, 15-5PH and M-154, was studied. In this work, a new approach combining hot deformation and additional post-treatment was investigated and compared with conventional annealing heat treatments for the dissolution of δ-ferrite. The results showed the acceleration in the dissolution of δ-ferrite using the new methodology. Samples from each steel were subjected to conventional annealing heat treatments at 1000 °C and 1150 °C, with soaking times of 1, 2, and 3 h. A second set of samples was subjected to hot compression experiments at 900 °C, under different strain rates, followed by post-processing heat treatments at 1000 °C and 1150 °C, while keeping the holding time constant for 10 min. Advanced microstructural characterization techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Electron Probe Micro-Analysis (EPMA) were employed to investigate δ-ferrite dissolution in terms of changes in area fraction and chemical composition. The results indicated a strong correlation between the dissolution behavior of δ-ferrite and the processing parameters. In addition, thermodynamic calculations using Thermo-Calc software (version 2021.2.87071-368) were used to assess the diffusion of elements during the dissolution of δ-ferrite as a function of temperature and time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure–Mechanical Property Relationships in High-Strength Steels (2nd Edition))
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