nano FIS 2020—Integrated Functional nano Systems

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2021) | Viewed by 14111

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Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH (MCL), Roseggerstraße 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria
Interests: chemical sensors; nanomaterials; nanosensors; CMOS & heterogeneous integration; nanosystems; 3D-integrated systems
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Guest Editor
Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH (MCL), Roseggerstraße 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria
Interests: relaxors; ferroelectrics; piezoelectrics; perovskites; metal oxide semiconductors; energy storage; energy harvesting; thin films; ceramics; electroceramics; Raman spectroscopy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue "nano FIS 2020—Integrated Functional nano Systems" is focusing on essential technologies, manufacturing capabilities, components, and devices required for the development of future Smart Systems that are core enablers for the digital transformation worldwide. The topics include innovative process and fabrication technologies, novel nanodevices and nanosystems enabled by nanotechnology, micro- and nanoelectronics, advanced materials as well as as photonic, magnetic, (bio)chemical and other principles. Heterogeneous and 3D-integration technologies, related reliability issues and novel approaches in nanoanalytics, modelling and system simulation are included as well.

All these topics are key capabilities for mastering the integration of more functionalities into powerful Smart Systems, which will be key differentiators for the development of high-performance products of the future and services in all sectors of the economy.

Dr. Anton Köck
Dr. Marco Deluca
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3873 KiB  
Article
A Novel Approach for a Chip-Sized Scanning Optical Microscope
by Joan Canals, Nil Franch, Victor Moro, Sergio Moreno, Juan Daniel Prades, Albert Romano-Rodríguez, Steffen Bornemann, Daria D. Bezshlyakh, Andreas Waag, Florian Vogelbacher, Stefan Schrittwieser, Katarzyna Kluczyk-Korch, Matthias Auf der Maur, Aldo Di Carlo and Angel Diéguez
Micromachines 2021, 12(5), 527; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12050527 - 6 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3360
Abstract
The recent advances in chip-size microscopy based on optical scanning with spatially resolved nano-illumination light sources are presented. This new straightforward technique takes advantage of the currently achieved miniaturization of LEDs in fully addressable arrays. These nano-LEDs are used to scan the sample [...] Read more.
The recent advances in chip-size microscopy based on optical scanning with spatially resolved nano-illumination light sources are presented. This new straightforward technique takes advantage of the currently achieved miniaturization of LEDs in fully addressable arrays. These nano-LEDs are used to scan the sample with a resolution comparable to the LED sizes, giving rise to chip-sized scanning optical microscopes without mechanical parts or optical accessories. The operation principle and the potential of this new kind of microscope are analyzed through three different implementations of decreasing LED dimensions from 20 µm down to 200 nm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue nano FIS 2020—Integrated Functional nano Systems)
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7 pages, 1900 KiB  
Article
Bottom-Up (Cu, Ag, Au)/Al2O3/Bi2Te3 Assembled Thermoelectric Heterostructures
by Zhenhua Wu, Shuai Zhang, Zekun Liu, Cheng Lu and Zhiyu Hu
Micromachines 2021, 12(5), 480; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12050480 - 22 Apr 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2235
Abstract
The interface affects the transmission behavior of electrons and phonons, which in turn determines the performance of thermoelectric materials. In this paper, metals (Cu, Ag, Au)/Al2O3/Bi2Te3 heterostructures have been fabricated from bottom to up to optimize [...] Read more.
The interface affects the transmission behavior of electrons and phonons, which in turn determines the performance of thermoelectric materials. In this paper, metals (Cu, Ag, Au)/Al2O3/Bi2Te3 heterostructures have been fabricated from bottom to up to optimize the thermoelectric power factor. The introducing metals can be alloyed with Bi2Te3 or form interstitials or dopants to adjust the carrier concentration and mobility. In addition, the metal-semiconductor interface as well as the metal-insulator-semiconductor interface constructed by the introduced metal and Al2O3 would further participate in the regulation of the carrier transport process. By adjusting the metal and oxide layer, it is possible to realize the simultaneous optimization of electric conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. This work will enable the optimal and novel design of heterostructures for thermoelectric materials with further improved performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue nano FIS 2020—Integrated Functional nano Systems)
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15 pages, 2968 KiB  
Article
Phase-Modulated Standing Wave Interferometer
by Ingo Ortlepp, Eberhard Manske, Jens-Peter Zöllner and Ivo W. Rangelow
Micromachines 2021, 12(4), 357; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12040357 - 25 Mar 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1880
Abstract
The actual technical implementation of conventional interferometers is quite complex and requires manual manufacturing. In combination with the required construction space defined by the optical setup, their applications are limited to selected measuring tasks. In contrast, Standing Wave Interferometers (SWIs) offer [...] Read more.
The actual technical implementation of conventional interferometers is quite complex and requires manual manufacturing. In combination with the required construction space defined by the optical setup, their applications are limited to selected measuring tasks. In contrast, Standing Wave Interferometers (SWIs) offer an enormous potential for miniaturisation because of their simple linear optical setup, consisting only of a laser source, a measuring mirror and two transparent standing wave sensors for obtaining quadrature signals. The two sensors are located inside the measuring beam and therefore directly influence the length measurement. To reduce optical influences on the standing wave and avoid the need for an exact and long-term stable sensor-to-sensor-distance, a single sensor configuration was developed. There, a phase modulation is superimposed to the sensor signal by a forced oscillation of the measuring mirror. When the correct modulation stroke is applied, the resulting harmonics in the sensor signal are 90° phase-shifted to each other and can hence be used for obtaining quadrature signals for phase demodulation and direction discrimination by an arctan-algorithm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue nano FIS 2020—Integrated Functional nano Systems)
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17 pages, 4317 KiB  
Article
Electroplating and Ablative Laser Structuring of Elastomer Composites for Stretchable Multi-Layer and Multi-Material Electronic and Sensor Systems
by Simon P. Stier and Holger Böse
Micromachines 2021, 12(3), 255; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12030255 - 3 Mar 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2466
Abstract
In this work we present the concept of electroplated conductive elastomers and ablative multi-layer and multi-material laser-assisted manufacturing to enable a largely automated, computer-aided manufacturing process of stretchable electronics and sensors. Therefore, the layers (conductive and non-conductive elastomers as well as metal layers [...] Read more.
In this work we present the concept of electroplated conductive elastomers and ablative multi-layer and multi-material laser-assisted manufacturing to enable a largely automated, computer-aided manufacturing process of stretchable electronics and sensors. Therefore, the layers (conductive and non-conductive elastomers as well as metal layers for contacting) are first coated over the entire surface (doctor blade coating and electroplating) and then selectively removed with a CO2 or a fiber laser. These steps are repeated several times to achieve a multi-layer-structured design. Is it not only possible to adjust and improve the work previously carried out manually, but also completely new concepts such as fine through-plating between the layers to enable much more compact structures become possible. In addition, metallized areas allow the direct soldering of electronic components and thus a direct connection between conventional and stretchable electronics. As an exemplary application, we have used the process for manufacturing a thin and surface solderable pressure sensor with a silicone foam dielectric and a stretchable circuit board. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue nano FIS 2020—Integrated Functional nano Systems)
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10 pages, 2619 KiB  
Article
An In-Depth Assessment of the Electronic and Magnetic Properties of a Highly Ordered Hybrid Interface: The Case of Nickel Tetra-Phenyl-Porphyrins on Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O
by Guglielmo Albani, Alberto Calloni, Andrea Picone, Alberto Brambilla, Michele Capra, Alessandro Lodesani, Lamberto Duò, Marco Finazzi, Franco Ciccacci and Gianlorenzo Bussetti
Micromachines 2021, 12(2), 191; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12020191 - 13 Feb 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3041
Abstract
In this paper we focus on the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of Ni tetra-phenyl-porphyrins (NiTPP) grown on top of Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O. Ordered thin films of metal TPP molecules are potentially interesting for organic electronic and spintronic applications, especially when [...] Read more.
In this paper we focus on the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of Ni tetra-phenyl-porphyrins (NiTPP) grown on top of Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O. Ordered thin films of metal TPP molecules are potentially interesting for organic electronic and spintronic applications, especially when they are coupled to a ferromagnetic substrate. Unfortunately, porphyrin layers deposited on top of ferromagnetic substrates do not generally show long-range order. In this work, we provide evidence of an ordered disposition of the organic film above the iron surface and we prove that the thin layer of iron oxide decouples the molecules from the substrate, thus preserving the molecular electronic features, especially the HOMO-LUMO gap, even when just a few organic layers are deposited. The effect of the exposure to molecular oxygen is also investigated and an increased robustness against oxidation with respect to the bare substrate is detected. Finally, we present our results for the magnetic analysis performed by spin resolved spectroscopy, finding a null magnetic coupling between the molecules and the substrate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue nano FIS 2020—Integrated Functional nano Systems)
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