Selected Papers from the 2nd International Electronic Conference on Microbiology (ECM 2023)

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 5630

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Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
Interests: microbial ecology; biodegradation of pollutants; metaproteomics; microbial physiology
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Guest Editor
Department of Molecular Systems Biology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
Interests: metaproteomics; protein-stable isotope probing; microbiome biology; environmental microbiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue on “Selected Papers from the 2nd International Electronic Conference on Microbiology (ECM 2023)" will present the latest research related to prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, viruses, and prions. The topics of interest include but are not limited to:

  • Microbial physiology;
  • Microbial ecology;
  • Microbial genetics;
  • Evolutionary microbiology;
  • Systems microbiology;
  • Medical microbiology;
  • Pharmaceutical microbiology;
  • Industrial microbiology;
  • Agricultural microbiology;
  • Microbial biotechnology;
  • Food microbiology;
  • Environmental microbiology.

We are cooperating with the 2nd International Electronic Conference on Microbiology (ECM 2023). Registered participants of this conference are invited to submit their manuscripts to be considered for publication. Authors may consider contributing an original research article or review in areas related to the conference themes.

Prof. Dr. Martin Von Bergen
Dr. Nico Jehmlich
Prof. Dr. James White
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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19 pages, 660 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Effects of Food Safety Training on the Microbiological Load Present in Equipment, Surfaces, Utensils, and Food Manipulator’s Hands in Restaurants
by Miguel Castro, Kamila Soares, Carlos Ribeiro and Alexandra Esteves
Microorganisms 2024, 12(4), 825; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12040825 - 19 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1891
Abstract
Training food handlers is essential to ensure food safety. However, the efficacy of training programs relying solely on theoretical information remains uncertain and often fails to induce significant changes in inadequate food practices. Training programs in good hygiene and food safety practices that [...] Read more.
Training food handlers is essential to ensure food safety. However, the efficacy of training programs relying solely on theoretical information remains uncertain and often fails to induce significant changes in inadequate food practices. Training programs in good hygiene and food safety practices that integrate theoretical and practical approaches have emerged as a vital tool, enabling food handlers to apply their knowledge during work hours and clarify doubts. This study aimed to assess the impact of food safety training based on theoretical and on-the-job training on the microbiological counts of equipment, surfaces, utensils, and food handler (FH) hands. The hygiene and food safety conditions of four restaurants were analyzed through facility checklists, employee questionnaires, and microbiological analyses conducted before and after training. Eight sample collection moments were conducted at each restaurant before and after training. The pre-training results indicate that 15% and 26% of analyses for Enterobacteriaceae and total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMB), respectively, did not comply with hygiene safety limits. Additionally, 31% and 64% of Enterobacteriaceae and TMB values, respectively, exceeded safety limits on food handler hands. Positive cases of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CoPS) resulted from unprotected wounds on some FH hands. The presence of Listeria monocytogenes in drains was also identified as a concern. Following training, significant differences in results were observed. In many cases, there was a reduction of over 80% in microbial load for Enterobacteriaceae and TMB collected from equipment, surfaces, utensils, and food handler hands. The presence of L. monocytogenes in drains was also eliminated after food safety training. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of effective training in improving food safety practices. Full article
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23 pages, 1729 KiB  
Systematic Review
Molecular Role of HIV-1 Human Receptors (CCL5–CCR5 Axis) in neuroAIDS: A Systematic Review
by Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva, Rebecca Lobato Marinho, Yan Corrêa Rodrigues, Thiago Pinto Brasil, Pabllo Antonny Silva Dos Santos, Caroliny Soares Silva, Daniele Melo Sardinha, Karla Valéria Batista Lima and Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
Microorganisms 2024, 12(4), 782; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12040782 - 12 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Chronic HIV-1 infection can cause neurological illness, also known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The elevated level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as C-C Chemokine Ligand 5 (CCL5/RANTES), is one of the ways of causing HIV-1-mediated neuroinflammation. C-C Chemokine Receptor 5 (CCR5) [...] Read more.
Chronic HIV-1 infection can cause neurological illness, also known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The elevated level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as C-C Chemokine Ligand 5 (CCL5/RANTES), is one of the ways of causing HIV-1-mediated neuroinflammation. C-C Chemokine Receptor 5 (CCR5) is the main coreceptor for viral entry into host cells and for mediating induction of CCL5/RANTES. CCR5 and CCL5 are part of a correlated axis of immune pathways used for effective protection against the HIV-1 virus. The purpose of this paper was to review the literary knowledge about the immunopathological relationship between this immune complex and neuroAIDS. A systematic review of the literature was conducted based on the selection and search of articles, available in English, Spanish, or Portuguese in the time frame of 1990–2022, of primary and secondary types in the PUBMED, Science Direct, SciELO, and LILACS databases through descriptors (MeSH) together with “AND”: “CCR5”; “CCL5”; “neurological manifestations”; or “HIV”. The methodological quality of the articles was assessed using the JBI Checklists and the PRISMA 2020 writing guidelines were followed. A total of 36 articles were included in the final composition of the review. The main cells of the CNS affected by neuroAIDS are: neurons; microglia; astrocytes; and oligodendrocytes. Molecular devices and their associations with cellular injuries have been described from the entry of the virus into the host’s CNS cell to the generation of mental disorders. Furthermore, divergent results were found about the levels of CCL5/RANTES secretion and the generation of immunopathogenesis, while all condensed research for CCR5 indicated that elevation of this receptor causes more neurodegenerative manifestations. Therefore, new therapeutic and interventional strategies can be conditioned on the immunological direction proposed in this review for the disease. Full article
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