Latest Review Papers in Medical Microbiology 2024

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 10453

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Guest Editor
1. Icona Foundation, 20142 Milan, Italy
2. Clinic of Infectious Diseases, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
Interests: liver diseases; HIV infection; HIV prevention; tuberculosis; clinical infectious diseases; infectious disease epidemiology; mycobacterium tuberculosis; viral infection; immunology of infectious diseases
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the continuation of our previous special issue "Latest Review Papers in Medical Microbiology 2023".

It aims to collect high-quality review papers in all the fields of medical microbiology. We encourage researchers from related fields to contribute review papers highlighting the latest developments in medical microbiology, or to invite other relevant experts and colleagues to do so. Full length comprehensive reviews will be preferred.

Prof. Dr. Antonella d'Arminio Monforte
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • review papers
  • medical microbiology
  • infectious diseases

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

17 pages, 939 KiB  
Review
Optimizing Ultrasound Probe Disinfection for Healthcare-Associated Infection Control: A Comparative Analysis of Disinfectant Efficacy
by Gaetano Ferrara, Giovanni Cangelosi, Sara Morales Palomares, Stefano Mancin, Marianna Melina, Orejeta Diamanti, Marco Sguanci, Antonella Amendola and Fabio Petrelli
Microorganisms 2024, 12(12), 2394; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122394 - 22 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Background/Aims: Ultrasound is a key diagnostic tool in modern medicine due to its ability to provide real-time, high-resolution images of the internal structures of the human body. Despite its undeniable advantages, there are challenges related to the contamination of ultrasound probes, with the [...] Read more.
Background/Aims: Ultrasound is a key diagnostic tool in modern medicine due to its ability to provide real-time, high-resolution images of the internal structures of the human body. Despite its undeniable advantages, there are challenges related to the contamination of ultrasound probes, with the risk of healthcare-associated infections. The aim of this review was to identify the most effective disinfectants for disinfecting ultrasound probes to prevent the transmission of pathogens between patients. Methods: A narrative review was conducted using the PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, resulting in the inclusion of 16 studies from an initial 1202 records. Results: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was the most effective disinfectant, especially in automated systems, achieving a >5-log10 reduction in viral load, including that of resistant pathogens like Human Papillomavirus. Chlorhexidine gluconate (4%) demonstrated strong antibacterial efficacy, eliminating 84.62% of bacterial contamination, but was less effective against viral pathogens. Glutaraldehyde was effective in some cases, though its use carried a higher risk of probe damage. The use of sodium hypochlorite varied across guidelines; some endorsed it for COVID-19 prevention, while others cautioned against its application due to potential probe damage. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of advanced disinfection technologies and strict adherence to protocols in improving infection control. Automated systems utilizing H2O2 strike an ideal balance between antimicrobial efficacy and equipment preservation. Future research should focus on developing disinfection methods that prioritize safety, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability in various clinical environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Review Papers in Medical Microbiology 2024)
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26 pages, 1819 KiB  
Review
MALDI-TOF MS: A Reliable Tool in the Real Life of the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory
by Adriana Calderaro and Carlo Chezzi
Microorganisms 2024, 12(2), 322; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12020322 - 3 Feb 2024
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 8408
Abstract
Matrix-Assisted Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in the last decade has revealed itself as a valid support in the workflow in the clinical microbiology laboratory for the identification of bacteria and fungi, demonstrating high reliability and effectiveness in this application. Its [...] Read more.
Matrix-Assisted Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in the last decade has revealed itself as a valid support in the workflow in the clinical microbiology laboratory for the identification of bacteria and fungi, demonstrating high reliability and effectiveness in this application. Its use has reduced, by 24 h, the time to obtain a microbiological diagnosis compared to conventional biochemical automatic systems. MALDI-TOF MS application to the detection of pathogens directly in clinical samples was proposed but requires a deeper investigation, whereas its application to positive blood cultures for the identification of microorganisms and the detection of antimicrobial resistance are now the most useful applications. Thanks to its rapidity, accuracy, and low price in reagents and consumables, MALDI-TOF MS has also been applied to different fields of clinical microbiology, such as the detection of antibiotic susceptibility/resistance biomarkers, the identification of aminoacidic sequences and the chemical structure of protein terminal groups, and as an emerging method in microbial typing. Some of these applications are waiting for an extensive evaluation before confirming a transfer to the routine. MALDI-TOF MS has not yet been used for the routine identification of parasites; nevertheless, studies have been reported in the last few years on its use in the identification of intestinal protozoa, Plasmodium falciparum, or ectoparasites. Innovative applications of MALDI-TOF MS to viruses’ identification were also reported, seeking further studies before adapting this tool to the virus’s diagnostic. This mini-review is focused on the MALDI-TOF MS application in the real life of the diagnostic microbiology laboratory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Review Papers in Medical Microbiology 2024)
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