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Microorganisms
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Novel Probiotic Strains and Bacteriotherapy
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Novel Probiotic Strains and Bacteriotherapy

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Microbiology and Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 30758

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Luis G. Bermudez Humaran

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, INRAE, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
Interests: probiotics; commensals and microbiota

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Several studies have shown that the use of probiotic and commensal bacteria is an alternative approach to prevent and treat a number of human and animal diseases, including digestive pathologies, cancer, metabolic syndrome, and bacterial and viral infections, among others. Therefore, this field of research has a very strong cognitive interest, combined with a great potential for innovation that could contribute to the manipulation of the human microbiota to treat and prevent these pathologies. In particular, an area of high scientific interest at present is to determine the mechanism of action of probiotic and/or commensal bacteria in order to develop bacteriotherapy using these bacteria for human and animal health. Indeed, although the beneficial effects of probiotic and commensal bacteria have been studied for several years, the precise mechanisms of their health effects remain poorly understood. Moreover, the evolution of international health regulations pushes manufacturers to scientifically and clinically reinforce the level of proof of efficacy of their probiotic products before marketing them. In this context, this Special Issue aims to address the most recent advances in the area of bacteriotherapy using probiotic and commensal bacteria in human and animal health, as well as to discuss their potential mechanisms of action.

Prof. Dr. Luis G. Bermudez Humaran
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 3496 KiB  
Article
Paraprobiotics and Postbiotics of Lactobacillus delbrueckii CIDCA 133 Mitigate 5-FU-Induced Intestinal Inflammation
by Viviane Lima Batista, Luís Cláudio Lima De Jesus, Laísa Macedo Tavares, Fernanda Lima Alvarenga Barroso, Lucas Jorge da Silva Fernandes, Andria dos Santos Freitas, Monique Ferrary Americo, Mariana Martins Drumond, Pamela Mancha-Agresti, Enio Ferreira, Juliana Guimarães Laguna, Luiz Carlos Júnior Alcantara and Vasco Azevedo
Microorganisms 2022, 10(7), 1418; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071418 - 14 Jul 2022
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 2957
Abstract
Intestinal mucositis is a commonly reported side effect in oncology practice. Probiotics are considered an excellent alternative therapeutic approach to this debilitating condition; however, there are safety questions regarding the viable consumption of probiotics in clinical practice due to the risks of systemic [...] Read more.
Intestinal mucositis is a commonly reported side effect in oncology practice. Probiotics are considered an excellent alternative therapeutic approach to this debilitating condition; however, there are safety questions regarding the viable consumption of probiotics in clinical practice due to the risks of systemic infections, especially in immune-compromised patients. The use of heat-killed or cell-free supernatants derived from probiotic strains has been evaluated to minimize these adverse effects. Thus, this work evaluated the anti-inflammatory properties of paraprobiotics (heat-killed) and postbiotics (cell-free supernatant) of the probiotic Lactobacillus delbrueckii CIDCA 133 strain in a mouse model of 5-Fluorouracil drug-induced mucositis. Administration of paraprobiotics and postbiotics reduced the neutrophil cells infiltrating into the small intestinal mucosa and ameliorated the intestinal epithelium architecture damaged by 5-FU. These ameliorative effects were associated with a downregulation of inflammatory markers (Tlr2, Nfkb1, Il12, Il17a, Il1b, Tnf), and upregulation of immunoregulatory Il10 cytokine and the epithelial barrier markers Ocln, Cldn1, 2, 5, Hp and Muc2. Thus, heat-killed L. delbrueckii CIDCA 133 and supernatants derived from this strain were shown to be effective in reducing 5-FU-induced inflammatory damage, demonstrating them to be an alternative approach to the problems arising from the use of live beneficial microorganisms in clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Probiotic Strains and Bacteriotherapy)
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22 pages, 4068 KiB  
Article
Competitive Exclusion Bacterial Culture Derived from the Gut Microbiome of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as a Resource to Efficiently Recover Probiotic Strains: Taxonomic, Genomic, and Functional Proof of Concept
by Javier Fernando Melo-Bolívar, Ruth Yolanda Ruiz Pardo, Howard Junca, Hanna Evelina Sidjabat, Juan Andrés Cano-Lozano and Luisa Marcela Villamil Díaz
Microorganisms 2022, 10(7), 1376; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071376 - 8 Jul 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3487
Abstract
This study aims to mine a previously developed continuous-flow competitive exclusion culture (CFCEC) originating from the Tilapia gut microbiome as a rational and efficient autochthonous probiotic strain recovery source. Three isolated strains were tested on their adaptability to host gastrointestinal conditions, their antibacterial [...] Read more.
This study aims to mine a previously developed continuous-flow competitive exclusion culture (CFCEC) originating from the Tilapia gut microbiome as a rational and efficient autochthonous probiotic strain recovery source. Three isolated strains were tested on their adaptability to host gastrointestinal conditions, their antibacterial activities against aquaculture bacterial pathogens, and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Their genomes were fully sequenced, assembled, annotated, and relevant functions inferred, such as those related to pinpointed probiotic activities and phylogenomic comparative analyses to the closer reported strains/species relatives. The strains are possible candidates of novel genus/species taxa inside Lactococcus spp. and Priestia spp. (previously known as Bacillus spp.) These results were consistent with reports on strains inside these phyla exhibiting probiotic features, and the strains we found are expanding their known diversity. Furthermore, their pangenomes showed that these bacteria have indeed a set of so far uncharacterized genes that may play a role in the antagonism to competing strains or specific symbiotic adaptations to the fish host. In conclusion, CFCEC proved to effectively allow the enrichment and further pure culture isolation of strains with probiotic potential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Probiotic Strains and Bacteriotherapy)
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18 pages, 1933 KiB  
Article
Effects of a Modern Kefir on Conditions Associated with Moderate Severe Spastic Quadriparesis Cerebral Palsy
by Adán Israel Rodríguez-Hernández, Eva Salinas, Deli Nazmín Tirado González, Carlos Velasco Benitez, Mariela Jiménez, Laura E Córdova-Dávalos, Daniel Cervantes-García, Victor Federico Rodríguez Nava and Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán
Microorganisms 2022, 10(7), 1291; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071291 - 25 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3012
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) in children constitutes a set of movement and body posture disorders caused by brain injury, which in turn is associated with a series of intestinal, respiratory, and malnutrition conditions. Twenty-four children were selected and included for the present study and [...] Read more.
Cerebral palsy (CP) in children constitutes a set of movement and body posture disorders caused by brain injury, which in turn is associated with a series of intestinal, respiratory, and malnutrition conditions. Twenty-four children were selected and included for the present study and subdivided into two groups: (1) children who included modern kefir (containing 12 probiotic species) in their diet; and (2) control group (not including kefir in their diet). The group supplemented with modern kefir received a beverage with multi probiotic species and the control group received commercial yogurt (which included the 2 typical lactic acid bacteria) for 7 weeks. Anthropometric variables, resting energy expenditure, presence, and diagnosis of functional digestive disorders (FDD), frequency of respiratory problems, presence of elevated C-reactive protein, differential count of leukocytes were evaluated. A significant increase in weight and height was found in the kefir group at the final time point. In addition, kefir intake promoted a significant reduction in functional constipation and stool hardness and increased the absolute value of blood lymphocytes. Since the fermented milk beverage modern kefir improves constipation, which is the most important FDD in children with CP and the nutritional and immune status, it could be considered an important strategy to improve health in these children. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Probiotic Strains and Bacteriotherapy)
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Review

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21 pages, 1329 KiB  
Review
Strategies for the Identification and Assessment of Bacterial Strains with Specific Probiotic Traits
by Edgar Torres-Maravilla, Diana Reyes-Pavón, Antonio Benítez-Cabello, Raquel González-Vázquez, Luis M. Ramírez-Chamorro, Philippe Langella and Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán
Microorganisms 2022, 10(7), 1389; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071389 - 10 Jul 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4935
Abstract
Early in the 1900s, it was proposed that health could be improved and senility delayed by manipulating gut microbiota with the host-friendly bacteria found in yogurt. Later, in 1990, the medical community reconsidered this idea and today probiotics represent a developed area of [...] Read more.
Early in the 1900s, it was proposed that health could be improved and senility delayed by manipulating gut microbiota with the host-friendly bacteria found in yogurt. Later, in 1990, the medical community reconsidered this idea and today probiotics represent a developed area of research with a billion-dollar global industry. As a result, in recent decades, increased attention has been paid to the isolation and characterization of novel probiotic bacteria from fermented foods and dairy products. Most of the identified probiotic strains belong to the lactic acid bacteria group and the genus Bifidobacterium. However, current molecular-based knowledge has allowed the identification and culture of obligatory anaerobic commensal bacteria from the human gut, such as Akkermansia spp. and Faecalibacterium spp., among other human symbionts. We are aware that the identification of new strains of these species does not guarantee their probiotic effects and that each effect must be proved through in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies before clinical trials (before even considering it as a probiotic strain). In most cases, the identification and characterization of new probiotic strain candidates may lack the appropriate set of in vitro experiments allowing the next assessment steps. Here, we address some innovative strategies reported in the literature as alternatives to classical characterization: (i) identification of alternatives using whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing, metabolomics, and multi-omics analysis; and (ii) probiotic characterization based on molecular effectors and/or traits to target specific diseases (i.e., inflammatory bowel diseases, colorectal cancer, allergies, among others). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Probiotic Strains and Bacteriotherapy)
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13 pages, 1054 KiB  
Review
Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Probiotics: A Focus on Human Health
by Morayma Ramírez Damián, Naima G. Cortes-Perez, Erika T. Quintana, Alicia Ortiz-Moreno, Cynthia Garfias Noguez, Carlos Eugenio Cruceño-Casarrubias, María Elena Sánchez Pardo and Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán
Microorganisms 2022, 10(5), 1065; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10051065 - 21 May 2022
Cited by 72 | Viewed by 14825
Abstract
Functional foods are classified as traditional or staple foods that provide an essential nutritional level and share potentially positive effects on host health, including the reduction of disease by optimizing the immune system’s ability to prevent and control infections by pathogens, as well [...] Read more.
Functional foods are classified as traditional or staple foods that provide an essential nutritional level and share potentially positive effects on host health, including the reduction of disease by optimizing the immune system’s ability to prevent and control infections by pathogens, as well as pathologies that cause functional alterations in the host. This chapter reviews the most recent research and advances in this area and discusses some perspectives on what the future holds in this area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Probiotic Strains and Bacteriotherapy)
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