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Materials for Environmental Remediation and Catalysis

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Green Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 10228

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 12C, 87036 Rende, Italy
Interests: green chemistry; homogeneous catalysis; lanthanide Lewis acid catalysis; nonconventional reaction media; organic synthesis; asymmetric synthesis; MW-assisted chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata, Italy
Interests: green chemistry; MW-assisted reactions; biorenewable feedstocks; organic-synthesis; green solvents
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The effects of climate change are becoming more evident every day. Intensive development and human activities have produced high levels of waste in air, water, and land. Although new strategies have been developed to challenge these problems, many efforts need to be made in pollutant removal. Polymers, both natural and synthetic, are versatile substances that alone or in composite materials could be useful for environmental remediation.

This Special Issue welcomes reviews and original research papers on the development of polymeric materials useful in water, air, and land treatment, with special interest in eco-friendly processes for the synthesis of new synthetic materials as well as the chemical modification of natural ones. In particular, topics of interest include (but are not limited to) the design of (1) adsorbent systems for organic and inorganic pollutants, (2) heterogeneous catalysts for advanced oxidation/reduction processes, and (3) membrane filtration films.

Dr. Loredana Maiuolo
Dr. Paola Costanzo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • wastewater
  • pollutants
  • composite materials
  • biomaterials
  • adsorption capacity, recovery
  • oxidation
  • reduction

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4291 KiB  
Article
Adsorption of Methyl Orange from Water Using Chitosan Bead-like Materials
by Haya Alyasi, Hamish Mackey and Gordon McKay
Molecules 2023, 28(18), 6561; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186561 - 11 Sep 2023
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2819
Abstract
Natural product waste treatment and the removal of harmful dyes from water by adsorption are two of the crucial environmental issues at present. Traditional adsorbents are often not capable in removing detrimental dyes from wastewater due to their hydrophilic nature and because they [...] Read more.
Natural product waste treatment and the removal of harmful dyes from water by adsorption are two of the crucial environmental issues at present. Traditional adsorbents are often not capable in removing detrimental dyes from wastewater due to their hydrophilic nature and because they form strong bonds with water molecules, and therefore they remain in the dissolved state in water. Consequently, new and effective sorbents are required to reduce the cost of wastewater treatment as well as to mitigate the health problems caused by water pollution contaminants. In this study, the adsorption behaviour of methyl orange, MO, dye on chitosan bead-like materials was investigated as a function of shaking time, contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial MO concentration, temperature and solution pH. The structural and chemical properties of chitosan bead-like materials were studied using several techniques including SEM, BET, XRD and FTIR. The adsorption process of methyl orange by chitosan bead materials was well described by the Langmuir isotherm model for the uptake capacity and followed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model to describe the rate processes. Under the optimal conditions, the maximum removal rate (98.9%) and adsorption capacity (12.46 mg/g) of chitosan bead-like materials were higher than those of other previous reports; their removal rate for methyl orange was still up to 87.2% after three regenerative cycles. Hence, this chitosan bead-like materials are very promising materials for wastewater treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Environmental Remediation and Catalysis)
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11 pages, 10589 KiB  
Article
A More Sustainable Isocyanide Synthesis from N-Substituted Formamides Using Phosphorus Oxychloride in the Presence of Triethylamine as Solvent
by Sodeeq Aderotimi Salami, Xavier Siwe-Noundou and Rui Werner Maçedo Krause
Molecules 2022, 27(20), 6850; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206850 - 13 Oct 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2702
Abstract
A simple, green, and highly efficient protocol for the synthesis of isocyanides is described. The reaction involves dehydration of formamides with phosphorus oxychloride in the presence of triethylamine as solvent at 0 °C. The product isocyanides were obtained in high to excellent yields [...] Read more.
A simple, green, and highly efficient protocol for the synthesis of isocyanides is described. The reaction involves dehydration of formamides with phosphorus oxychloride in the presence of triethylamine as solvent at 0 °C. The product isocyanides were obtained in high to excellent yields in less than 5 min. The method offers several advantages including increased synthesis speed, relatively mild conditions, and rapid access to large numbers of functionalized isocyanides, excellent purity, increased safety, and minimal reaction waste. The new approach of synthesising dehydrative isocyanides from formamides is significantly more environmentally-friendly than prior methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Environmental Remediation and Catalysis)
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Review

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23 pages, 3744 KiB  
Review
Polymer-Supported Heterogeneous Fenton Catalysts for the Environmental Remediation of Wastewater
by Bakhta Bouzayani and Maria Ángeles Sanromán
Molecules 2024, 29(10), 2188; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29102188 - 8 May 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1267
Abstract
Materials based on polymer hydrogels have demonstrated potential as innovative Fenton catalysts for treating water. However, developing these polymer-supported catalysts with robust stability presents a significant challenge. This paper explores the development and application of polymer-supported heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for the environmental remediation [...] Read more.
Materials based on polymer hydrogels have demonstrated potential as innovative Fenton catalysts for treating water. However, developing these polymer-supported catalysts with robust stability presents a significant challenge. This paper explores the development and application of polymer-supported heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for the environmental remediation of wastewater, emphasizing the enhancement of metal incorporation into catalysts for improved efficiency. The study begins with an introduction to the heterogeneous Fenton process and its relevance to wastewater treatment. It further delves into the specifics of polymer-supported heterogeneous Fenton catalysts, focusing on iron oxide, copper complexes/nanoparticles, and ruthenium as key components. The synthesis methods employed to prepare these catalysts are discussed, highlighting the innovative approaches to achieve substantial metal incorporation. Operational parameters such as catalyst dosage, pollutant concentration, and the effect of pH on the process efficiency are thoroughly examined. The catalytic performance is evaluated, providing insights into the effectiveness of these catalysts in degrading pollutants. Recent developments in the field are reviewed, showcasing advancements in catalyst design and application. The study also addresses the stability and reusability of polymer-supported heterogeneous Fenton catalysts, critical factors for their practical application in environmental remediation. Environmental applications are explored, demonstrating the potential of these catalysts in addressing various pollutants. The Conclusions offers future perspectives, underlining the ongoing challenges and opportunities in the field, and the importance of further research to enhance the efficacy and sustainability of polymer-supported heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for wastewater treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Environmental Remediation and Catalysis)
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40 pages, 8153 KiB  
Review
Hybrid Polymer-Silica Nanostructured Materials for Environmental Remediation
by Antonio Grisolia, Gianluca Dell’Olio, Angelica Spadafora, Marzia De Santo, Catia Morelli, Antonella Leggio and Luigi Pasqua
Molecules 2023, 28(13), 5105; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135105 - 29 Jun 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2768
Abstract
Due to the ever-growing global population, it is necessary to develop highly effective processes that minimize the impact of human activities and consumption on the environment. The levels of organic and inorganic contaminants have rapidly increased in recent years, posing a threat to [...] Read more.
Due to the ever-growing global population, it is necessary to develop highly effective processes that minimize the impact of human activities and consumption on the environment. The levels of organic and inorganic contaminants have rapidly increased in recent years, posing a threat to ecosystems. Removing these toxic pollutants from the environment is a challenging task that requires physical, chemical, and biological methods. An effective solution involves the use of novel engineered materials, such as silica-based nanostructured materials, which exhibit a high removal capacity for various pollutants. The starting materials are also thermally and mechanically stable, allowing for easy design and development at the nanoscale through versatile functionalization procedures, enabling their effective use in pollutant capture. However, improvements concerning mechanical properties or applicability for repeated cycles may be required to refine their structural features. This review focuses on hybrid/composite polymer-silica nanostructured materials. The state of the art in nanomaterial synthesis, different techniques of functionalization, and polymer grafting are described. Furthermore, it explores the application of polymer-modified nanostructured materials for the capture of heavy metals, dyes, hydrocarbons and petroleum derivatives, drugs, and other organic compounds. The paper concludes by offering recommendations for future research aimed at advancing the application of polymer-silica nanostructured materials in the efficiency of pollutant uptake. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Environmental Remediation and Catalysis)
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