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Synthesis and Application of Resin-Based Materials Based on Bio-Molecules

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 3082

Special Issue Editors

Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Interests: thermosetting resin; benzoxazine; polybenzoxazine; composites; high performance; tribological
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Guest Editor Assistant
Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Interests: thermosetting resin; bio-based epoxy; thermosets; intrinsically flame retardant; composites

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Thermosetting resin, as a cross-linkable polymeric precursor, can eventually form a three-dimensional network via the polymerization process. Specifically, its resulting polymer, namely, thermoset, has been widely applied in composites, coatings and adhesives. As many other commercialized polymers, thermosetting resins are facing the same challenges in terms of the availability of their raw materials from petrochemistry as well as their associated costs. The massive use of petroleum-based polymeric materials has led to potential toxic wastes, causing many problems in terms of environmental pollution as well as its corresponding regulation. Therefore, exploring the use of chemicals coming from natural renewable resources to synthesize bio-based thermosetting resins is crucial in order to meet the requirements for sustainable development.

This Special Issue will publish studies related to resin-based materials based on biomolecules, including the structural design, synthesis, molecular characterization, polymerization mechanism and property investigation of bio-based epoxy, benzoxazine, cyanate ester, bismaleimide, phenolic resin, etc. In addition, submissions related to property and application studies of composite materials based on bio-based resins are also encouraged. This Special Issue recommends that authors present their investigations into the fundamental molecular mechanisms of properties of newly developed materials based on biomolecules, which will provide molecule design principle for researchers.

Dr. Kan Zhang
Guest Editor

Dr. Yuan Zhang
Guest Editor Assistant

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Keywords

  • bio-based
  • biomolecule
  • resin
  • thermosetting resin
  • curing
  • polymerization mechanism
  • thermoset

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 4521 KiB  
Article
Bio-Based Epoxy-Phthalonitrile Resin: Preparation, Characterization, and Properties
by Yanqin Du, Ruojin Wang, Qingxu Meng, Xiaoa Zhang and Riwei Xu
Molecules 2024, 29(21), 5019; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29215019 - 24 Oct 2024
Viewed by 663
Abstract
Preparation of high-performance thermosetting resins via bio-based resources is important for the development of a sustainable world. In this work, we proposed the introduction of cyanide structure groups into the molecular structure of epoxy resins to give them excellent heat resistance. A eugenol-based [...] Read more.
Preparation of high-performance thermosetting resins via bio-based resources is important for the development of a sustainable world. In this work, we proposed the introduction of cyanide structure groups into the molecular structure of epoxy resins to give them excellent heat resistance. A eugenol-based epoxy-phthalonitrile (EEPN) resin was synthesized by a two-step process using the bio-based renewable resource of eugenol, and a series of EEPN/Epoxide resin (E51) blend resins with different EEPN contents were prepared. The structure of the EEPN monomer was characterized and confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and elemental analysis. The thermal stability and dynamic mechanical properties of the cured resins were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The experimental results showed that EEPN had excellent heat resistance; the char yield at 800 °C was 67.9 wt%, which was much higher than that of E51 at 26.3 wt%; and the heat resistance of the blended resins was significantly improved with the increase in the EEPN content. Full article
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Review

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40 pages, 30558 KiB  
Review
Recent Development of Functional Bio-Based Epoxy Resins
by Yuan Zhang, Xuemei Liu, Mengting Wan, Yanjie Zhu and Kan Zhang
Molecules 2024, 29(18), 4428; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29184428 - 18 Sep 2024
Viewed by 2027
Abstract
The development of epoxy resins is mainly dependent on non-renewable petroleum resources, commonly diglycidyl ether bisphenol A (DGEBA)-type epoxy monomers. Most raw materials of these thermoset resins are toxic to the health of human beings. To alleviate concerns about the environment and health, [...] Read more.
The development of epoxy resins is mainly dependent on non-renewable petroleum resources, commonly diglycidyl ether bisphenol A (DGEBA)-type epoxy monomers. Most raw materials of these thermoset resins are toxic to the health of human beings. To alleviate concerns about the environment and health, the design and synthesis of bio-based epoxy resins using biomass as raw materials have been widely studied in recent decades to replace petroleum-based epoxy resins. With the improvement in the requirements for the performance of bio-based epoxy resins, the design of bio-based epoxy resins with unique functions has attracted a lot of attention, and bio-based epoxy resins with flame-retardant, recyclable/degradable/reprocessable, antibacterial, and other functional bio-based epoxy resins have been developed to expand the applications of epoxy resins and improve their competitiveness. This review summarizes the research progress of functional bio-based epoxy resins in recent years. First, bio-based epoxy resins were classified according to their unique function, and synthesis strategies of functional bio-based epoxy resins were discussed, then the relationship between structure and performance was revealed to guide the synthesis of functional bio-based epoxy resins and stimulate the development of more types of functional bio-based epoxy resins. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in the development of functional bio-based epoxy resins are presented. Full article
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