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Natural Products for Cardiovascular Disease
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Natural Products for Cardiovascular Disease

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 17030

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Suowen Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230037, China
Interests: atherosclerosis; cardiovascular disease; pharmacology; natural products
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, and natural products are important sources of cardiovascular drug discovery. This Special Issue focuses on the identification and use of selected natural products (including bioactive components from Chinese herbal medicine, Ayurveda, nutraceuticals, and food supplements) for use in the prevention of CVD. Subjects of interest include, but are not limited to: new drug lead identification, new target in cardiovascular drug discovery, toxicity assessments, pharmacokinetic studies of compound bioavailability, and mechanisms of action of repurposed natural products in the initiation and promotion/progression stages of CVD. Future directions for natural product-derived drug discovery for more effective CVD prevention are discussed.

Prof. Dr. Suowen Xu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Natural products
  • Herbal medicine
  • Ethnopharmacology
  • Ayurveda
  • Phytochemicals
  • Nutraceuticals
  • Bioactive compounds
  • Cardiovascular diseases
  • Complications
  • Drug discovery
  • Therapeutics

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2540 KiB  
Article
Curcumin Inhibits Lysophosphatidic Acid Mediated MCP-1 Expression via Blocking ROCK Signalling
by Ying Zhou, Peter J. Little, Suowen Xu and Danielle Kamato
Molecules 2021, 26(8), 2320; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082320 - 16 Apr 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2728
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural compound that has been widely used as a food additive and medicine in Asian countries. Over several decades, diverse biological effects of curcumin have been elucidated, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a key [...] Read more.
Curcumin is a natural compound that has been widely used as a food additive and medicine in Asian countries. Over several decades, diverse biological effects of curcumin have been elucidated, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a key inflammatory marker during the development of atherosclerosis, and curcumin blocks MCP-1 expression stimulated by various ligands. Hence, we studied the action of curcumin on lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) mediated MCP-1 expression and explored the specific underlying mechanisms. In human vascular smooth muscle cells, LPA induces Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) dependent transforming growth factor receptor (TGFBR1) transactivation, leading to glycosaminoglycan chain elongation. We found that LPA also signals via the TGFBR1 transactivation pathway to regulate MCP-1 expression. Curcumin blocks LPA mediated TGFBR1 transactivation and subsequent MCP-1 expression by blocking the ROCK signalling. In the vasculature, ROCK signalling regulates smooth muscle cell contraction, inflammatory cell recruitment, endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodelling. Therefore, curcumin as a ROCK signalling inhibitor has the potential to prevent atherogenesis via multiple ways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products for Cardiovascular Disease)
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Review

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14 pages, 906 KiB  
Review
Curcumin as a Natural Remedy for Atherosclerosis: A Pharmacological Review
by Laxman Singh, Shikha Sharma, Suowen Xu, Devesh Tewari and Jian Fang
Molecules 2021, 26(13), 4036; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26134036 - 1 Jul 2021
Cited by 50 | Viewed by 8595
Abstract
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound present in Curcuma longa L. rhizomes, shows potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-atherosclerotic properties. Atherosclerosis is a comprehensive term for a series of degenerative and hyperplasic lesions such as thickening or sclerosis in large- and medium-sized arteries, causing [...] Read more.
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound present in Curcuma longa L. rhizomes, shows potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-atherosclerotic properties. Atherosclerosis is a comprehensive term for a series of degenerative and hyperplasic lesions such as thickening or sclerosis in large- and medium-sized arteries, causing decreased vascular-wall elasticity and lumen diameter. Atherosclerotic cerebro-cardiovascular disease has become a major concern for human health in recent years due to its clinical sequalae of strokes and heart attacks. Curcumin concoction treatment modulates several important signaling pathways related to cellular migration, proliferation, cholesterol homeostasis, inflammation, and gene transcription, among other relevant actions. Here, we provide an overview of curcumin in atherosclerosis prevention and disclose the underlying mechanisms of action of its anti-atherosclerotic effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products for Cardiovascular Disease)
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25 pages, 2316 KiB  
Review
The Effects of Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Natural Compounds on Homocysteine
by Mohammad Amin Atazadegan, Mohammad Bagherniya, Gholamreza Askari, Aida Tasbandi and Amirhossein Sahebkar
Molecules 2021, 26(11), 3081; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113081 - 21 May 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4795
Abstract
Background: Among non-communicable diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in global communities. By 2030, CVD-related deaths are projected to reach a global rise of 25 million. Obesity, smoking, alcohol, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperhomocysteinemia are several known risk [...] Read more.
Background: Among non-communicable diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in global communities. By 2030, CVD-related deaths are projected to reach a global rise of 25 million. Obesity, smoking, alcohol, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperhomocysteinemia are several known risk factors for CVDs. Elevated homocysteine is tightly related to CVDs through multiple mechanisms, including inflammation of the vascular endothelium. The strategies for appropriate management of CVDs are constantly evolving; medicinal plants have received remarkable attention in recent researches, since these natural products have promising effects on the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases. The effects of nutraceuticals and herbal products on CVD/dyslipidemia have been previously studied. However, to our knowledge, the association between herbal bioactive compounds and homocysteine has not been reviewed in details. Thus, the main objective of this study is to review the efficacy of bioactive natural compounds on homocysteine levels according to clinical trials and animal studies. Results: Based on animal studies, black and green tea, cinnamon, resveratrol, curcumin, garlic extract, ginger, and soy significantly reduced the homocysteine levels. According to the clinical trials, curcumin and resveratrol showed favorable effects on serum homocysteine. In conclusion, this review highlighted the beneficial effects of medicinal plants as natural, inexpensive, and accessible agents on homocysteine levels based on animal studies. Nevertheless, the results of the clinical trials were not uniform, suggesting that more well-designed trials are warranted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products for Cardiovascular Disease)
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