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Natural Products as Sources for Pesticides
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Natural Products as Sources for Pesticides

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 8866

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Wenping Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
Interests: microorganism; fermentation; metabolite; isolation; bioassay; insecticide; fungicide

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Compared with natural products from plants and animals, microbial metabolites have more structural diversity, as a result of their wide variety and richer resources. Moreover, due to the advantages of fast microbial reproduction, strong plasticity and simple production process, it is easier to realize industrial production. Therefore, microorganisms have become the main source of natural products. This Special Issue provides an activity evaluation of metabolites produced by microbial fermentation in pesticide use, separation, purification and identification of active compounds, and an evaluation of the possibility of their industrial development.

Dr. Wenping Xu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • microorganism
  • fermentation
  • metabolite
  • isolation
  • bioassay
  • insecticide
  • fungicide

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3473 KiB  
Article
Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, 3D-QSAR and Controlled Release on Hydrotalcite Study of Longifolene-Derived Diphenyl Ether Carboxylic Acid Compounds
by Xiaocui Wu, Guishan Lin, Wengui Duan, Baoyu Li, Yucheng Cui, Bo Cen and Fuhou Lei
Molecules 2023, 28(4), 1911; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041911 - 16 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1969
Abstract
Twenty-two novel longifolene-derived diphenyl ether-carboxylic acid compounds 7a–7v were synthesized from renewable biomass resources longifolene, and their structures were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. The preliminary evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity displayed that compound 7b presented [...] Read more.
Twenty-two novel longifolene-derived diphenyl ether-carboxylic acid compounds 7a–7v were synthesized from renewable biomass resources longifolene, and their structures were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. The preliminary evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity displayed that compound 7b presented inhibition rates of 85.9%, 82.7%, 82.7%, and 81.4% against Alternaria solani, Cercospora arachidicola, Rhizoctonia solani, and Physalospora piricola, respectively, and compound 7l possessed inhibition rates of 80.7%, 80.4%, and 80.3% against R. solani, C. arachidicola, P. piricola, respectively, exhibiting excellent and broad-spectrum antifungal activities. Besides, compounds 7f and 7a showed significant antifungal activities with inhibition rates of 81.2% and 80.7% against A.solani, respectively. Meanwhile, a reasonable and effective 3D-QSAR mode (r2 = 0.996, q2 = 0.572) has been established by the CoMFA method. Furthermore, the drug-loading complexes 7b/MgAl-LDH were prepared and characterized. Their pH-responsive controlled-release behavior was investigated as well. As a result, complex 7b/MgAl-LDH-2 exhibited excellent controlled-releasing performance in the water/ethanol (10:1, v:v) and under a pH of 5.7. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products as Sources for Pesticides)
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11 pages, 1471 KiB  
Article
A New Method of Preparing Aurone by Marine Actinomycetes and Its Potential Application in Agricultural Fungicides
by Bin Liu, Xiaomeng Li, Weiguo Wang, Xin Wang, Pahaiding Aihaiti, Tingtang Lin, Zishuo Fu, Rui Xu, Mengqi Wu, Zhong Li and Yang Zhang
Molecules 2023, 28(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010017 - 20 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1439
Abstract
A strain of marine actinomycetes was isolated from an intertidal zone and identified as Streptomyces cinereoruber. Through the fermentation of this strain, a compound with fungicidal activity was extracted and purified. Using mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data, the [...] Read more.
A strain of marine actinomycetes was isolated from an intertidal zone and identified as Streptomyces cinereoruber. Through the fermentation of this strain, a compound with fungicidal activity was extracted and purified. Using mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data, the metabolite was determined to be an aurone. The toxicity of the aurone toward four kinds of tumor cells—SH-SY5Y, HepG2, A549, and HeLa cells—was verified by the MTT method, delivering IC50 values of 41.81, 47.19, 63.95, and 51.92 μg/mL, respectively. Greenhouse bioassay showed that the aurone exhibited a high fungicidal activity against powder mildew (Botrytis cinerea), cucurbits powder mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schlecht ex Ff.) Poll), and rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products as Sources for Pesticides)
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15 pages, 4079 KiB  
Article
Antibacterial Activity of Aureonuclemycin Produced by Streptomyces aureus Strain SPRI-371
by Weiguo Wang, Minkang Feng, Xiaomeng Li, Feiyu Chen, Zhihao Zhang, Wenlong Yang, Chen Shao, Liming Tao and Yang Zhang
Molecules 2022, 27(15), 5041; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27155041 - 8 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2127
Abstract
Actinomycetes play a vital role as one of the most important natural resources for both pharmaceutical and agricultural applications. The actinomycete strain SPRI-371, isolated from soil collected in Jiangsu province, China, was classified as Streptomyces aureus based on its morphological, physiological, biochemical and [...] Read more.
Actinomycetes play a vital role as one of the most important natural resources for both pharmaceutical and agricultural applications. The actinomycete strain SPRI-371, isolated from soil collected in Jiangsu province, China, was classified as Streptomyces aureus based on its morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular biological characteristics. Its bacterial activity metabolites were identified as aureonuclemycin (ANM), belonging to adenosine derivatives with the molecular formula C16H19N5O9 for ANM A and C10H13N5O3 for ANM B. Simultaneously, the industrial fermentation process of a mutated S. aureus strain SPRI-371 was optimized in a 20 m3 fermentation tank, featuring a rotation speed of 170 rpm, a pressure of 0.05 MPa, an inoculum age of 36–40 h and a dissolved oxygen level maintained at 1–30% within 40–80 h and at >60% in the later period, resulting in an ANM yield of >3700 mg/L. In the industrial separation of fermentation broth, the sulfuric acid solution was selected to adjust pH and 4# resin was used for adsorption. Then, it was resolved with 20% ethanol solution and concentrated in a vacuum (60–65 °C), with excellent results. Antibacterial experiments showed that ANM was less active or inactive against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola and most bacteria, yeast and fungi in vitro. However, in vivo experiments showed that ANM exhibited extremely significant protective and therapeutic activity against diseases caused by X. oryzae pv. oryzae and X. oryzae pv. oryzicola in rice and X. citri in oranges and lemons. In field trials, ANM A 150 gai/ha + ANM B 75 gai/ha exhibited excellent therapeutic activity against rice bacterial leaf blight, citrus canker and rice bacterial leaf streak. Furthermore, as the dosage and production cost of ANM are lower than those of commercial drugs, it has good application prospects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products as Sources for Pesticides)
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14 pages, 3584 KiB  
Article
Encapsulation of Eucalyptus largiflorens Essential Oil by Mesoporous Silicates for Effective Control of the Cowpea Weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
by Asgar Ebadollahi, Jalal Jalali Sendi, William N. Setzer and Tanasak Changbunjong
Molecules 2022, 27(11), 3531; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27113531 - 31 May 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2449
Abstract
Although the use of synthetic chemicals is the principal method for insect pest management, their widespread application has led to numerous side effects, including environmental pollution and threats to human and animal health. Plant essential oils have been introduced as promising natural substitutes [...] Read more.
Although the use of synthetic chemicals is the principal method for insect pest management, their widespread application has led to numerous side effects, including environmental pollution and threats to human and animal health. Plant essential oils have been introduced as promising natural substitutes for synthetic insecticides. However, high volatility and/or low durability are the main limiting factors for essential oil application for control of insect pests. Accordingly, along with an evaluation of the fumigant toxicity of Eucalyptus largiflorens essential oil against the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus, essential oil was nanoencapsulated by two mesoporous silicates, MCM-41 and zeolite 3A, to enhance fumigant persistence and toxicity. The chemical profile of essential oil was also analyzed through gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry. E. largiflorens essential oil showed significant concentration-dependent toxicity against insect pests; a concentration of 5.16 μL/L resulted in 100% mortality after 48 h. The toxicity of essential oil could be attributed to the presence of various insecticidal terpenes, such as spathulenol (15.6%), cryptone (7.0%), and 1,8-cineole (5.8%). Fumigant persistence was increased from 6 days to 19 and 17 days for pure and capsulated essential oil with MCM-41 and Zeolite 3A, respectively. The insect mortality also increased from 99 insects in pure essential oil to 178 and 180 insects in MCM-41 and Zeolite 3A encapsulated formulations, respectively. Therefore, the encapsulation of E. largiflorens essential oil by MCM- 41 and Zeolite 3A is a beneficial method for enhancing its persistence and toxicity against C. maculatus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products as Sources for Pesticides)
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