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ncRNA
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Extracellular Vesicles and ncRNA
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Extracellular Vesicles and ncRNA

A special issue of Non-Coding RNA (ISSN 2311-553X). This special issue belongs to the section "Detection and Biomarkers of Non-Coding RNA".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 7638

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Elena Martens-Uzunova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Interests: prostate cancer; biomarkers; extracellular vesicles; nucleic acid delivery; noncoding RNA; tRNA; microRNA; snoRNA; ribosomes; RNA modifications; 2-O-methylation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past two decades, the biological science arena has witnessed the emergence and rapid advancement of two distinct research domains: noncoding RNA (ncRNA) and extracellular vesicles. Presently, the significance of ncRNA in the biology of virtually all living organisms is beyond dispute, and our comprehension of its diverse mechanisms of action continues to expand. Notably, ncRNA is not confined solely to the intracellular environment; it is also packaged within extracellular vesicles, the small membrane-enclosed structures that are released by cells into the extracellular environment.

EVs play a crucial role in intercellular communication as they can transport various bioactive molecules, including different types of ncRNAs, between cells. A growing body of evidence suggests that ncRNA carried by EVs plays a role in diverse physiological and disease processes, such as genetic information transfer, cell differentiation, cellular reprograming in response to external stimuli, or cancer invasion and metastasis, to name a few.

The RNA-sheltering environment offered by extracellular vesicles has been effectively harnessed in medical research as it holds significant promise in the development of more robust diagnostic tools. Being body-own, EVs display reduced immunogenicity and provide an attractive alternative to synthetic delivery systems in the expanding field of RNA-based medical applications in precision medicine. Last but not least, investigations focusing on the intersection of ncRNA and extracellular vesicles hold vast potential to deepen our understanding of fundamental biological processes in the different domains of life and to translate this knowledge into impactful applications for human health.

This Special Issue will focus on the interactions between extracellular vesicles and ncRNAs (including small RNA, lncRNA, and circRNA). We invite investigators to contribute original research articles, communications, or reviews focused on, but not limited to, the role of ncRNA as EV cargo, the involvement of ncRNA in the lifecycle of extracellular vesicles, or the development of extracellular vesicle-based delivery systems that involve the targeting or use of ncRNA.

We look forward to receiving your valuable contributions for this Special Issue.

Dr. Elena Martens-Uzunova
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Non-Coding RNA is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • noncoding RNA
  • lncRNA
  • circRNA
  • small noncoding RNA
  • microRNA
  • snoRNA
  • snRNA
  • extracellular vesicles (EVs)
  • Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs)
  • biomarker
  • liquid biopsy
  • therapeutic delivery

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 3119 KiB  
Article
Dysregulation of a Subset of Circulating and Vesicle-Associated miRNA in Pancreatic Cancer
by Giulia Girolimetti, Iulia Andreea Pelisenco, Leonardo Henry Eusebi, Claudio Ricci, Beatrice Cavina, Ivana Kurelac, Tiziano Verri, Matteo Calcagnile, Pietro Alifano, Alessandro Salvi, Cecilia Bucci and Flora Guerra
Non-Coding RNA 2024, 10(3), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna10030029 - 1 May 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1744
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive neoplasia, characterized by early metastasis, low diagnostic rates at early stages, resistance to drugs, and poor prognosis. There is an urgent need to better characterize this disease in order to identify efficient diagnostic/prognostic [...] Read more.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive neoplasia, characterized by early metastasis, low diagnostic rates at early stages, resistance to drugs, and poor prognosis. There is an urgent need to better characterize this disease in order to identify efficient diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers. Since microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to oncogenesis and metastasis formation in PDAC, they are considered potential candidates for fulfilling this task. In this work, the levels of two miRNA subsets (involved in chemoresistance or with oncogenic/tumor suppressing functions) were investigated in a panel of PDAC cell lines and liquid biopsies of a small cohort of patients. We used RT-qPCR and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to measure the amounts of cellular- and vesicle-associated, and circulating miRNAs. We found that both PDAC cell lines, also after gemcitabine treatment, and patients showed low amounts of cellular-and vesicle-associated miR-155-5p, compared to controls. Interestingly, we did not find any differences when we analyzed circulating miR-155-5p. Furthermore, vesicle-related miR-27a-3p increased in cancer patients compared to the controls, while circulating let-7a-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-23b-3p and miR-193a-3p presented as dysregulated in patients compared to healthy individuals. Our results highlight the potential clinical significance of these analyzed miRNAs as non-invasive diagnostic molecular tools to characterize PDAC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles and ncRNA)
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27 pages, 15609 KiB  
Article
Topographic Distribution of miRNAs (miR-30a, miR-223, miR-let-7a, miR-let-7f, miR-451, and miR-486) in the Plasma Extracellular Vesicles
by Tatiana Petrova, Olga Kalinina, Arthur Aquino, Evgeniy Grigoryev, Natallia V. Dubashynskaya, Kseniya Zubkova, Anna Kostareva and Alexey Golovkin
Non-Coding RNA 2024, 10(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna10010015 - 15 Feb 2024
Viewed by 2111
Abstract
There are many articles on the quantitative analysis of miRNAs contained in a population of EVs of different sizes under various physiological and pathological conditions. For such analysis, it is important to correctly quantify the miRNA contents of EVs. It should be considered [...] Read more.
There are many articles on the quantitative analysis of miRNAs contained in a population of EVs of different sizes under various physiological and pathological conditions. For such analysis, it is important to correctly quantify the miRNA contents of EVs. It should be considered that quantification is skewed depending on the isolation protocol, and different miRNAs are degraded by nucleases with different efficiencies. In addition, it is important to consider the contribution of miRNAs coprecipitating with the EVs population, because the amount of miRNAs in the EVs population under study is skewed without appropriate enzymatic treatment. By studying a population of EVs from the blood plasma of healthy donors, we found that the absolute amount of miRNA inside the vesicles is commensurate with the amount of the same type of miRNA adhered to the outside of the EVs. The inside/outside ratio ranged from 1.02 to 2.64 for different investigated miRNAs. According to our results, we propose the hypothesis that high occupancy of miRNAs on the outer surface of EVs influence on the transporting RNA repertoire no less than the inner cargo received from the host cell. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles and ncRNA)
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Review

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19 pages, 1428 KiB  
Review
Extracellular Vesicle lncRNAs as Key Biomolecules for Cell-to-Cell Communication and Circulating Cancer Biomarkers
by Panagiotis Papoutsoglou and Antonin Morillon
Non-Coding RNA 2024, 10(6), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna10060054 - 5 Nov 2024
Viewed by 616
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by almost every cell type and are considered carriers of active biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Their content can be uptaken and released into the cytoplasm of recipient cells, thereby inducing gene reprogramming and phenotypic [...] Read more.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by almost every cell type and are considered carriers of active biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Their content can be uptaken and released into the cytoplasm of recipient cells, thereby inducing gene reprogramming and phenotypic changes in the acceptor cells. Whether the effects of EVs on the physiology of recipient cells are mediated by individual biomolecules or the collective outcome of the total transferred EV content is still under debate. The EV RNA content consists of several types of RNA, such as messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), the latter defined as transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins but have important established biological functions. This review aims to update our insights on the functional roles of EV and their cargo non-coding RNA during cancer progression, to highlight the utility of EV RNA as novel diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in cancer, and to tackle the technological advances and limitations for EV RNA identification, integrity assessment, and preservation of its functionality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles and ncRNA)
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18 pages, 3327 KiB  
Review
Functional Relevance of Extracellular Vesicle-Derived Long Non-Coding and Circular RNAs in Cancer Angiogenesis
by José A. Peña-Flores, Daniela Muela-Campos, Rebeca Guzmán-Medrano, Diego Enríquez-Espinoza and Karla González-Alvarado
Non-Coding RNA 2024, 10(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna10010012 - 6 Feb 2024
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2325
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are defined as subcellular structures limited by a bilayer lipid membrane that function as important intercellular communication by transporting active biomolecules, such as proteins, amino acids, metabolites, and nucleic acids, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). These cargos can effectively be [...] Read more.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are defined as subcellular structures limited by a bilayer lipid membrane that function as important intercellular communication by transporting active biomolecules, such as proteins, amino acids, metabolites, and nucleic acids, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). These cargos can effectively be delivered to target cells and induce a highly variable response. LncRNAs are functional RNAs composed of at least 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins. Nowadays, lncRNAs and circRNAs are known to play crucial roles in many biological processes, including a plethora of diseases including cancer. Growing evidence shows an active presence of lnc- and circRNAs in EVs, generating downstream responses that ultimately affect cancer progression by many mechanisms, including angiogenesis. Moreover, many studies have revealed that some tumor cells promote angiogenesis by secreting EVs, which endothelial cells can take up to induce new vessel formation. In this review, we aim to summarize the bioactive roles of EVs with lnc- and circRNAs as cargo and their effect on cancer angiogenesis. Also, we discuss future clinical strategies for cancer treatment based on current knowledge of circ- and lncRNA-EVs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extracellular Vesicles and ncRNA)
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