Unveiling Nature's Pharmacy: Exploring Drug Discovery Through Medicinal Plants

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 687

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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
Interests: diabetes mellitus; obesity; age-related diseases; advanced glycation end products (AGEs); medicinal plants; enzyme activity; pharmacokinetics; ADMET; pharmacotherapy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There is significant research that is currently underway concerning ethnopharmacology, with the aim of identifying new medicinal plants, new chemical compounds derived from these plants (phytoconstituents), and any new mechanisms by which these compounds exert their biological activity. Indeed, the findings of this research may contribute to the development of new pharmaceutical agents. The concept of polypharmacology is undergoing a significant evolution in response to a novel approach to the utilization of plant-derived products that possess a multitude of phytoconstituents and exhibit multitarget efficacy against specific human diseases. A multitude of signal transduction pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of non-infectious diseases, including diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease, and neurovascular and degenerative diseases. The main mechanisms involved include glycation reactions, imbalances between free radical production and antioxidant systems, and inflammatory pathways. This Special Issue is an invitation to submit original research and reviews regarding in vitro tests on natural and derived compounds targeting specific cellular pathological mechanisms involved in non-infectious diseases. Specific focus will be placed on novel experimental assay methods and pharmacokinetic evaluations, including in silico approaches. Studies on the ADMET properties of plant-derived preparations and natural compounds are also of significant interest.  

Dr. Guglielmina Froldi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • plant-derived drugs
  • secondary metabolites
  • advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)
  • reactive oxygen species (ROS)
  • molecular targets
  • pharmacokinetics
  • ADMET
  • bioavailability

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 4009 KiB  
Article
Berberine Mediates Exosomes Regulating the Lipid Metabolism Pathways to Promote Apoptosis of RA-FLS Cells
by Si-Fan Guo, Zhi-Bo Wang, Dan-Dan Xie, Ying Cai, Yan Wang, Xian Wang, Qiang Yang, Ai-Hua Zhang and Shi Qiu
Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17(11), 1509; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17111509 - 9 Nov 2024
Viewed by 531
Abstract
Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint damage and commonly linked to symptoms such as inflammation, swelling, and pain. Traditional Chinese Medicine offers complementary and integrative approaches in the management of rheumatoid arthritis, potentially providing additional options [...] Read more.
Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint damage and commonly linked to symptoms such as inflammation, swelling, and pain. Traditional Chinese Medicine offers complementary and integrative approaches in the management of rheumatoid arthritis, potentially providing additional options that may help address treatment challenges and enhance overall patient care. This paper explores the mechanism of action of berberine from the perspective of cellular exosomes by mediating exosomal contents and thus treating RA. Methods: With the help of flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscope, it was determined that berberine promotes apoptosis in RA-FLS cells, and then lipid metabolomics technology was applied to screen and characterize the exosomes of RA-FLS cells to identify lipid core biomarkers closely related to RA, which were then projected into various databases for comprehensive analysis. Results: The data analysis showed that berberine could call back 11 lipid core biomarkers closely associated with RA, and interactive visualization of the database revealed that these markers were mainly focused on lipid metabolism aspects such as fatty acid elongation, degradation, and biosynthesis, as well as the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids or PPARA activation of gene expression, PPARα‘s role in lipid metabolism regulation, glycerophospholipid metabolism, mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders, and organelle biogenesis and maintenance. Conclusions: Berberine exerts its therapeutic effect on RA by mediating exosomal contents and thus regulating multiple lipid-related biological pathways, affecting the PPARγ-NF-κB complex binding rate, CREB and EGR-1 expression, cellular phagocytosis, and other aspects needed to inhibit proliferation and inflammatory responses in RA-FLS. This study offers a research foundation for exploring the mechanism of action of berberine in the treatment of RA. Full article
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