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Photonics
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Visible Light Positioning and Communication Systems: From Theory to Practical...
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Visible Light Positioning and Communication Systems: From Theory to Practical Applications

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Communication and Network".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2025) | Viewed by 6608

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Juan Carlos Torres Zafra

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Electronic Technology, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avenida de la Universidad 30, 28911 Madrid, Spain
Interests: free-space optical communications; light-emitting diodes; light sources; optical communication; optical receivers; photodiodes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Visible Light Communication (VLC) is an evolving field complementing traditional communication and positioning technologies. This Special Issue delves into VLC's multifaceted aspects, from theoretical foundations to practical applications in next-generation communication systems and precision indoor positioning.

Our aim is to enhance positioning and communication precision through algorithmic innovation and system design advancements. With developments in LEDs and photovoltaic devices, we foresee cost-effective, widespread communication systems for everyday applications. We address the challenges of integrating VLC with existing infrastructures and mitigating interference in complex settings.

Despite technological progress, research challenges remain. We explore interdisciplinary VLC topics, including protocol design for indoor positioning, VLC advancements for IoT, smart buildings, vehicular networks, and the security and efficiency of these technologies.

We invite original research articles and reviews on the following topics:

  • VLC channel modeling and estimation;
  • Channel characterization and VLC-specific encoding;
  • Efficient signal processing for high-precision visible light positioning;
  • Security, standards, and normalization in VLC;
  • Recent developments in VLC geolocation and communication.

This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive collection for researchers, engineers, and practitioners, offering an integrated perspective on the current and future advancements in VLC-based communications and geolocation.

Dr. Juan Carlos Torres Zafra
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • VLC
  • indoor positioning
  • channel modeling
  • signal processing
  • photodetection
  • IoT
  • smart buildings
  • vehicular networks
  • LED technology

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 7435 KiB  
Article
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Aided Security Enhancement for Vehicle-to-Vehicle Visible Light Communications
by Xiaoqiong Jing, Yating Wu, Fei Yu, Yuru Xu and Xiaoyong Wang
Photonics 2024, 11(12), 1151; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11121151 - 6 Dec 2024
Viewed by 667
Abstract
Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) visible light communication (VLC) systems are increasingly being deployed for real-time data exchange in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). However, these systems are highly vulnerable to eavesdropping, especially in scenarios such as road intersections where signals may be exposed to unauthorized receivers. [...] Read more.
Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) visible light communication (VLC) systems are increasingly being deployed for real-time data exchange in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). However, these systems are highly vulnerable to eavesdropping, especially in scenarios such as road intersections where signals may be exposed to unauthorized receivers. To address these security challenges, we propose a novel reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted security enhancement scheme for V2V VLC networks. The proposed scheme leverages RIS to improve the reception of legitimate signals at the destination vehicle while simultaneously introducing artificial noise (AN) to interfere with potential eavesdroppers. Optimization problems are formulated to maximize the SINR of the destination vehicle and simultaneously minimize the worst-case SINR of eavesdroppers. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves a notable improvement in the system’s secrecy rate by 1.64 bit/s/Hz and enhances the overall security performance, offering a robust solution to the security challenges in V2V VLC systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Visible Light Positioning and Communication Systems: From Theory to Practical Applications)
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13 pages, 1522 KiB  
Article
SIC-Free Based Indoor Two-User NOMA-VLCP System
by Jianli Jin, Qianlong Shang, Jianping Wang, Huimin Lu, Danyang Chen and Dongmei Yang
Photonics 2024, 11(12), 1122; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11121122 - 27 Nov 2024
Viewed by 503
Abstract
In this letter, an integrated dual-user visible light communication and positioning (VLCP) system based on non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is proposed. The system consists of a single light-emitting diode (LED) and five photodiodes (PD), and the adaptive feedback threshold (AFT) algorithm is used [...] Read more.
In this letter, an integrated dual-user visible light communication and positioning (VLCP) system based on non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is proposed. The system consists of a single light-emitting diode (LED) and five photodiodes (PD), and the adaptive feedback threshold (AFT) algorithm is used to reduce error propagation (EP) to improve noise immunity. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to construct a joint optimization function that optimizes the power allocation factor of the two users and the roll-off coefficient of the square-root-raised-cosine(SRRC) filter. The simulation results demonstrate that, in the given indoor environment, the bit error ratio (BER) of each user in the proposed system is lower than the front error correction (FEC) limit and the average positioning errors of the two users are 4.62 cm and 5.74 cm respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Visible Light Positioning and Communication Systems: From Theory to Practical Applications)
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14 pages, 3633 KiB  
Article
Delineating Regional BES–ELM Neural Networks for Studying Indoor Visible Light Positioning
by Jiaming Zhang and Xizheng Ke
Photonics 2024, 11(10), 910; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11100910 - 27 Sep 2024
Viewed by 704
Abstract
This paper introduces a single LED and four photodetectors (PDs) as a visible light system structure and collects the received signal strength values and corresponding physical coordinates at the PD receiving end, establishing a comprehensive dataset. The K-means clustering algorithm is employed to [...] Read more.
This paper introduces a single LED and four photodetectors (PDs) as a visible light system structure and collects the received signal strength values and corresponding physical coordinates at the PD receiving end, establishing a comprehensive dataset. The K-means clustering algorithm is employed to separate the room into center and boundary areas through the fingerprint database. The bald eagle search (BES) algorithm is employed to optimize the initial parameters, specifically the weights and thresholds, in the extreme learning machine (ELM) neural network, and the BES–ELM indoor positioning model is established by region to improve positioning accuracy. Due to the impact exerted by the ambient environment, there are fluctuations in the positioning accuracy of the center and edge regions, and the positioning of the edge region needs to be further improved. To address this, it is proposed to use the enhanced weighted K-nearest neighbor (EWKNN) algorithm based on the BES–ELM neural network to correct the prediction points with higher-than-average positioning errors, achieving precise edge positioning. The simulation demonstrates that within an indoor space measuring 5 m × 5 m × 3 m, the algorithm achieves an average positioning error of 2.93 cm, and the positioning accuracy is improved by 86.07% relative to conventional BP neural networks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Visible Light Positioning and Communication Systems: From Theory to Practical Applications)
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16 pages, 971 KiB  
Article
Revolutionizing Firefighting: UAV-Based Optical Communication Systems for Wildfires
by Mohammad Furqan Ali, Dushantha Nalin K. Jayakody and P. Muthuchidambaranathan
Photonics 2024, 11(7), 656; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11070656 - 11 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1603
Abstract
Wildfires are one of the most devastating natural disasters in the world. This study proposes an innovative optical wildfire communication system (OWC) that leverages advanced optical technologies for wildfire monitoring and seamless communication towards the 5G and beyond (5GB) wireless networks. The multi-input–multi-output [...] Read more.
Wildfires are one of the most devastating natural disasters in the world. This study proposes an innovative optical wildfire communication system (OWC) that leverages advanced optical technologies for wildfire monitoring and seamless communication towards the 5G and beyond (5GB) wireless networks. The multi-input–multi-output (MIMO) optical link among communication nodes is designed by gamma–gamma (GG) distribution under consideration of intensity modulation and direct-detection (IM/DD) following an on–off-keying (OOK) scheme. In this study, the performance metrics of the proposed MIMO link that enables unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are analytically derived. The end-to-end (E2E) performance metrics and the novel closed-form expressions for the average BER (ABER) and outage probability (Pout) are investigated for the proposed system models. Furthermore, the simulation results are obtained based on the real experimental data. The obtained results in this study are improved spatial resolution and accuracy, enabling the detection by communication of even small-scale wildfires at their inception stages. In the further perspective of this research, the development of the proposed system holds the potential to revolutionize wildfire prevention and control efforts, making a substantial impact on safeguarding ecosystems, communities, and economies from the devastating effects of fires. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Visible Light Positioning and Communication Systems: From Theory to Practical Applications)
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29 pages, 11206 KiB  
Article
Mobile Application for Visible Light Communication Systems: An Approach for Indoor Positioning
by Quan Dinh Nguyen and Nam Hoang Nguyen
Photonics 2024, 11(4), 293; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11040293 - 25 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2134
Abstract
We explore the use of smartphones to decode data transmitted from LEDs to smartphone cameras in visible light communication (VLC) applied to indoor positioning applications. The LEDs—modified to enable rapid on-off keying—transmit identification codes or optically encoded location data imperceptible to human perception. [...] Read more.
We explore the use of smartphones to decode data transmitted from LEDs to smartphone cameras in visible light communication (VLC) applied to indoor positioning applications. The LEDs—modified to enable rapid on-off keying—transmit identification codes or optically encoded location data imperceptible to human perception. Equipped with a camera, the smartphone employs a single framed image to detect the presence of the luminaires in the image, decode their transmitted identifiers or locations, and determine the smartphone’s position and orientation relative to the luminaires. The camera captures and processes images continuously. The following fundamental issues are addressed in this research: (i) analyzing the camera parameters on smartphones that affect data decoding results; (ii) exploiting the rolling shutter effect of the CMOS image sensor to receive multiple bits of data encoded in the optical communication line with a single frame shot; (iii) advancing research in developing algorithms to process data from multiple LEDs simultaneously. We conduct experiments to evaluate and analyze feasibility, as well as the challenges of the design, through scenarios varying in distance, transmission frequency, and data length. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Visible Light Positioning and Communication Systems: From Theory to Practical Applications)
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