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Polymers
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Polymer Combustion and Pyrolysis Kinetics
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Polymer Combustion and Pyrolysis Kinetics

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2024) | Viewed by 7537

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lin Jiang

grade E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Interests: flame spread over solid combustible surface; pyrolysis and its kinetics of chemical hazardous materials; thermal ablation prediction of charring materials; combustion and simulation of propellant
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The pyrolysis and combustion process are two important fields of study during the initial and development combustion stages, respectively, and they must be paid more attention due to their importance. The study of pyrolysis of a material in particular is fundamental for combustion and can determine the intensity of a potential fire disaster. Materials pyrolysis and combustion have drawn significant attention among fire researchers in recent years. As commonly used functional materials, polymer materials are widely used in external thermal insulation systems and indoor decoration, which also makes them the most popular materials in fire research. When a polymer surface is exposed to external heat flux, these exposed materials can degrade and generate combustible gas, which can escape from the materials’ surface through bubbling. When the generated combustible gas mixes with oxygen, the gas mixture can be easily ignited with a spark. At the same time, the generated flame can transfer heat to the pyrolysis surface in terms of heat conduction, convection, and radiation. Virgin materials will produce combustible gas continuously after being heated, and when the combustible gas accumulates with a high concentration, the front gas will be ignited by a flame. Compared with other combustible solids such as wood and cotton, polymers are synthesized artificially, easy to ignite, and generate poisonous gases. Therefore, research on how to prevent fire-related disasters involving polymers is pivotal.

Dr. Lin Jiang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polymer pyrolysis
  • kinetic triplets
  • combustion
  • flame

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

44 pages, 8881 KiB  
Article
Combustion Behavior of Cellulose Ester Fibrous Bundles from Used Cigarette Filters: Kinetic Analysis Study
by Filip Veljković, Vladimir Dodevski, Milena Marinović-Cincović, Suzana Veličković and Bojan Janković
Polymers 2024, 16(11), 1480; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16111480 - 23 May 2024
Viewed by 846
Abstract
This study is focused on the detailed examination of the combustion properties and kinetic analysis of a cellulose acetate fibrous bundle (CAFB), separated from used cigarette filters. It was shown that the faster rate of CAFB heating allows a large amount of heat [...] Read more.
This study is focused on the detailed examination of the combustion properties and kinetic analysis of a cellulose acetate fibrous bundle (CAFB), separated from used cigarette filters. It was shown that the faster rate of CAFB heating allows a large amount of heat to be supplied to a combustion system in the initial stages, where the increase in heating rate has a positive response to ignition behavior. The best combustion stability of CAFB is achieved at the lowest heating rate. Through the use of different kinetic methods, it was shown that combustion takes place through two series of consecutive reaction steps and one independent single-step reaction. By optimizing the kinetic parameters within the proposed reaction models, it was found that the steps related to the generation of levoglucosenone (LGO) (by catalytic dehydration of levoglucosan (LG)) and acrolein (by breakdown of glycerol during CAFB burning—which was carried out through glycerol adsorption on a TiO2 surface in a the developed dehydration mechanism) represent rate-controlling steps, which are strongly controlled by applied heating rate. Isothermal predictions have shown that CAFB manifests very good long-term stability at 60 °C (which corresponds to storage in a sea shipping container), while at 200 °C, it shows a sudden loss in thermal stability, which is related to the physical properties of the sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Combustion and Pyrolysis Kinetics)
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14 pages, 6060 KiB  
Article
Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polypropylene for Cable Semiconductive Buffer Layers
by Xiaokai Meng, Hua Yu, Zhumao Lu and Tao Jin
Polymers 2024, 16(10), 1435; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16101435 - 19 May 2024
Viewed by 911
Abstract
With the progress of the power grid system, the coverage area of cables is widening, and the problem of cable faults is gradually coming to affect people’s daily lives. While the vast majority of cable faults are caused by the ablation of the [...] Read more.
With the progress of the power grid system, the coverage area of cables is widening, and the problem of cable faults is gradually coming to affect people’s daily lives. While the vast majority of cable faults are caused by the ablation of the cable buffer layer, polypropylene (PP), as a common cable buffer material, has pyrolysis properties that critically impact cable faults. Studying the semiconductive buffer layer of polypropylene (PP) and its pyrolysis properties allows us to obtain a clearer picture of the pyrolysis products formed during PP ablation. This understanding aids in the accurate diagnosis of cable faults and the identification of ablation events. In this study, the effects of temperature and catalyst (H-Zeolite Standard Oil Corporation Of New York (Socony) Mobil-Five (HZSM-5)) content on the PP thermolysis product distribution were studied by using an online tubular pyrolysis furnace-mass spectrometry (MS) experimental platform. The results showed that PP/40% HZSM-5 presented the highest thermolytic efficiency and relative yield of the main products at 400 °C. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Combustion and Pyrolysis Kinetics)
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13 pages, 5713 KiB  
Article
Reliability Analysis of HHV Prediction Models for Organic Materials Using Bond Dissociation Energies
by Junjun Tao, Longwei Pan, Jiajie Yao, Longfei Liu and Qiang Chen
Polymers 2023, 15(19), 3862; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15193862 - 22 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1120
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the reliability of predictive models for higher heating values related to organic materials. A theoretical model was developed, which utilizes bond dissociation energies (BDEs) to establish correlations between elemental composition and calorific values. Our analysis [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the reliability of predictive models for higher heating values related to organic materials. A theoretical model was developed, which utilizes bond dissociation energies (BDEs) to establish correlations between elemental composition and calorific values. Our analysis indicates that the energy contribution of one mole of hydrogen atoms is approximately equal to −144.4 kJ mol−1. Further investigation reveals significant variations in the bond dissociation energies of carbon atoms within organic compounds, resulting in a range of energy outputs from −414.30 to −275.34 kJ mol−1 per mole of carbon atoms. The presence of oxygen atoms in organic compounds has a negative impact on the magnitude of combustion heat, with values ranging from 131.1 to 207.17 kJ mol−1. The combustion mechanism imposes certain constraints, leading to the equation HHVg = −31.34·[C] − 144.44·[H] + 10.57·[O] for organic compounds. Based on the parameter sensitivity analysis, the coefficient associated with carbon mass fraction exhibits a significantly greater impact on result prediction accuracy, demonstrating a sensitivity value of 92.65%. The results of further analysis indicate that empirical correlations involving the mass fractions of the elements N and S in lignocellulosic materials may be prone to over-fitting, with sensitivity indices of 1.59% and 0.016%, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Combustion and Pyrolysis Kinetics)
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14 pages, 9132 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Thermal Degradation Kinetics of POM under Inert and Oxidizing Atmospheres and Combustion Characteristics with Flame Retardant Effects
by Dan Zhang, Siyuan Zhou and Mi Li
Polymers 2023, 15(10), 2286; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15102286 - 12 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2220
Abstract
Degradation behavior of combustible fuel is the core factor in determining combustion characteristics. To investigate the effect of ambient atmosphere on the pyrolysis process of polyoxymethylene (POM), the pyrolysis mechanism of POM was studied with thermogravimetric analyzer tests and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy [...] Read more.
Degradation behavior of combustible fuel is the core factor in determining combustion characteristics. To investigate the effect of ambient atmosphere on the pyrolysis process of polyoxymethylene (POM), the pyrolysis mechanism of POM was studied with thermogravimetric analyzer tests and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy tests. The activation energy, reaction model, and estimated lifetime of POM pyrolysis under different kinds of ambient gases have been estimated in this paper based on different results of the kinetics. The activation energy values, obtained with different methods, were 151.0–156.6 kJ mol−1 in nitrogen and 80.9–127.3 kJ mol−1 in air. Then, based on the Criado analysis, the pyrolysis reaction models of POM in nitrogen were found to be mastered by the “n + m = 2; n = 1.5” model, and by the “A3” model in air. The optimum processing temperature for POM was estimated, with a range from 250 to 300 °C in nitrogen and from 200 to 250 °C in air. IR analysis revealed that the significant difference in POM decomposition between N2 and O2 atmospheres is the formation of isocyanate group or carbon dioxide. Combustion parameters of two POMs (with and without flame retardants) obtained using cone calorimetry revealed that flame retardants can effectively improve the ignition time, smoke release rate, and other parameters of POM. The outcomes of this study will contribute to the design, storage, and transportation of polyoxymethylene. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Combustion and Pyrolysis Kinetics)
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8 pages, 2119 KiB  
Article
Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Pyrolysis of Polymethyl Methacrylate under Non-Uniform Radiative Heating
by Yujia Sun
Polymers 2022, 14(24), 5360; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14245360 - 7 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1423
Abstract
PMMA material is widely used in the building and household industries, and its pyrolysis behavior is important for fire safety. In real fire conditions, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) material will receive non-uniform distributed radiative heat flux from heat sources (such as fire). However, most [...] Read more.
PMMA material is widely used in the building and household industries, and its pyrolysis behavior is important for fire safety. In real fire conditions, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) material will receive non-uniform distributed radiative heat flux from heat sources (such as fire). However, most of the existing work on this subject is limited to one dimensional geometry with uniform heat flux. This paper investigates the heat transfer and pyrolysis mechanism of PMMA material under non-uniform radiative heat flux. A three-dimensional model is developed to this end with a consideration of in-depth radiation and surface heat loss. The results show that temperature and density contours are highly non-uniform inside the solid and there is both a high-temperature core and low-density core beneath the surface. The maximum temperature occurs at a location under the top surface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer Combustion and Pyrolysis Kinetics)
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