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Polymers
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Application of Alginate-Based Composites
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Application of Alginate-Based Composites

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2022) | Viewed by 15422

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-852 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
Interests: adsorption; AOP; ion exchange; wastewater and water treatment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Alginate is a natural biopolymer extracted from brown seaweeds that has been extensively investigated to remove organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous solution. This polysaccharide has interesting characteristics that make it attractive for application as an adsorbent, such as biodegradability, high biocompatibility, nontoxic, abundance, inexpensiveness, and ability to form gels in the presence of multivalent cations, besides its viscosification and stabilization properties. Therefore, alginate can be combined with different materials in order to obtain promising alginate-based composites with attractive properties for application in diverse processes. Accordingly, this Special Issue is focused on high-quality alginate-based composite development  for different applications such as in the environmental, food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agricultural, among others.

Prof. Dr. Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • adsorption
  • alginate
  • composite
  • adsorbent
  • synthesis
  • characterization

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3521 KiB  
Article
Cell Immobilization Using Alginate-Based Beads as a Protective Technique against Stressful Conditions of Hydrolysates for 2G Ethanol Production
by Raiane C. Soares, Teresa C. Zangirolami, Raquel L. C. Giordano, Mekonnen M. Demeke, Johan M. Thevelein and Thais S. Milessi
Polymers 2022, 14(12), 2400; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14122400 - 14 Jun 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3805
Abstract
The development of biorefineries brings the necessity of an efficient consumption of all sugars released from biomasses, including xylose. In addition, the presence of inhibitors in biomass hydrolysates is one of the main challenges in bioprocess feasibility. In this study, the application of [...] Read more.
The development of biorefineries brings the necessity of an efficient consumption of all sugars released from biomasses, including xylose. In addition, the presence of inhibitors in biomass hydrolysates is one of the main challenges in bioprocess feasibility. In this study, the application of Ca-alginate hybrid gels in the immobilization of xylose-consuming recombinant yeast was explored with the aim of improving the tolerance of inhibitors. The recombinant yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae GSE16-T18SI.1 (T18) was immobilized in Ca-alginate and Ca-alginate–chitosan hybrid beads, and its performance on xylose fermentation was evaluated in terms of tolerance to different acetic acid concentrations (0–12 g/L) and repeated batches of crude sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate. The use of the hybrid gel improved yeast performance in the presence of 12 g/L of acetic acid, achieving 1.13 g/L/h of productivity and reaching 75% of the theoretical ethanol yield, with an improvement of 32% in the xylose consumption rate (1:1 Vbeads/Vmedium, 35 °C, 150 rpm and pH 5.2). The use of hybrid alginate–chitosan gel also led to better yeast performance at crude hydrolysate, yielding one more batch than the pure-alginate beads. These results demonstrate the potential of a hybrid gel as an approach that could increase 2G ethanol productivity and allow cell recycling for a longer period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Alginate-Based Composites)
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16 pages, 3672 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Sodium Alginate Hydrogels Reinforced with Nanoparticles of Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications
by José Antonio Sánchez-Fernández, Gerardo Presbítero-Espinosa, Laura Peña-Parás, Edgar Iván Rodríguez Pizaña, Katya Patricia Villarreal Galván, Michal Vopálenský, Ivana Kumpová and Luis Ernesto Elizalde-Herrera
Polymers 2021, 13(17), 2927; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13172927 - 30 Aug 2021
Cited by 31 | Viewed by 4679
Abstract
In recent years, researchers working in biomedical science and technology have investigated alternatives for enhancing the mechanical properties of biomedical materials. In this work, sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel-reinforced nanoparticles (NPs) of hydroxyapatite (HA) were prepared to enhance the mechanical properties of this polymer. [...] Read more.
In recent years, researchers working in biomedical science and technology have investigated alternatives for enhancing the mechanical properties of biomedical materials. In this work, sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel-reinforced nanoparticles (NPs) of hydroxyapatite (HA) were prepared to enhance the mechanical properties of this polymer. Compression tests showed an increase of 354.54% in ultimate compressive strength (UCS), and 154.36% in Young’s modulus with the addition of these NPs compared with pure SA. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the amount of residual water is not negligible and covered a range from 20 to 35 wt%, and the decomposition degree of the alginate depends on the hydroxyapatite content, possibly due to the displacement of sodium ions by the hydroxyapatite and not by calcium chloride. Further, there is an important effect possibly due to the existence of an interaction of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl of the alginate and the oxygen atoms of the hydroxyapatite, so signals appear upfield in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. An increase in the accumulation of HA particles was observed with the use of X-ray microtomography, in which the quantified volume of particles per reconstructed volume corresponded accordingly to the increase in the mechanical properties of the hydrogel. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Alginate-Based Composites)
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21 pages, 9921 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of a New Phosphonate-Based Sorbent and Characterization of Its Interactions with Lanthanum (III) and Terbium (III)
by Yuezhou Wei, Khalid A. M. Salih, Mohammed F. Hamza, Toyohisa Fujita, Enrique Rodríguez-Castellón and Eric Guibal
Polymers 2021, 13(9), 1513; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13091513 - 8 May 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 3238
Abstract
High-tech applications require increasing amounts of rare earth elements (REE). Their recovery from low-grade minerals and their recycling from secondary sources (as waste materials) are of critical importance. There is increasing attention paid to the development of new sorbents for REE recovery from [...] Read more.
High-tech applications require increasing amounts of rare earth elements (REE). Their recovery from low-grade minerals and their recycling from secondary sources (as waste materials) are of critical importance. There is increasing attention paid to the development of new sorbents for REE recovery from dilute solutions. A new generation of composite sorbents based on brown algal biomass (alginate) and polyethylenimine (PEI) was recently developed (ALPEI hydrogel beads). The phosphorylation of the beads strongly improves the affinity of the sorbents for REEs (such as La and Tb): by 4.5 to 6.9 times compared with raw beads. The synthesis procedure (epicholorhydrin-activation, phosphorylation and de-esterification) is investigated by XPS and FTIR for characterizing the grafting route but also for interpreting the binding mechanism (contribution of N-bearing from PEI, O-bearing from alginate and P-bearing groups). Metal ions can be readily eluted using an acidic calcium chloride solution, which regenerates the sorbent: the FTIR spectra are hardly changed after five successive cycles of sorption and desorption. The materials are also characterized by elemental, textural and thermogravimetric analyses. The phosphorylation of ALPEI beads by this new method opens promising perspectives for the recovery of these strategic metals from mild acid solutions (i.e., pH ~ 4). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Alginate-Based Composites)
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18 pages, 3010 KiB  
Article
Equilibrium, Thermodynamic, Reuse, and Selectivity Studies for the Bioadsorption of Lanthanum onto Sericin/Alginate/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Particles
by Talles Barcelos da Costa, Meuris Gurgel Carlos da Silva and Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira
Polymers 2021, 13(4), 623; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13040623 - 19 Feb 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2859
Abstract
In a scenario of high demand, low availability, and high economic value, the recovery of rare-earth metals from wastewater is economically and environmentally attractive. Bioadsorption is a promising method as it offers simple design and operation. The aim of this study was to [...] Read more.
In a scenario of high demand, low availability, and high economic value, the recovery of rare-earth metals from wastewater is economically and environmentally attractive. Bioadsorption is a promising method as it offers simple design and operation. The aim of this study was to investigate lanthanum bioadsorption using a polymeric bioadsorbent of sericin/alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol)-based biocomposite. Batch system assays were performed to evaluate the equilibrium, thermodynamics, regeneration, and selectivity of bioadsorption. The maximum capture amount of lanthanum at equilibrium was 0.644 mmol/g at 328 K. The experimental equilibrium data were better fitted by Langmuir and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms. Ion exchange mechanism between calcium and lanthanum (2:3 ratio) was confirmed by bioadsorption isotherms. Thermodynamic quantities showed that the process of lanthanum bioadsorption was spontaneous (−17.586, −19.244, and −20.902 kJ/mol), endothermic (+15.372 kJ/mol), and governed by entropic changes (+110.543 J/mol·K). The reusability of particles was achieved using 0.1 mol/L HNO3/Ca(NO3)2 solution for up to five regeneration cycles. The bioadsorbent selectivity followed the order of lanthanum > cadmium > zinc > nickel. Additionally, characterization of the biocomposite prior to and post lanthanum bioadsorption showed low porosity (9.95 and 12.35%), low specific surface area (0.054 and 0.019 m2/g), amorphous character, and thermal stability at temperatures up to 473 K. This study shows that sericin/ alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol)-based biocomposites are effective in the removal and recovery of lanthanum from water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Alginate-Based Composites)
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