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Polymer-Based Nanoparticles: Fabrication and Medical Applications

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Dr. Mohammad Mahdi Moein

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1. Karolinska Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, Akademiska stråket 1, S-171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
2. Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Akademiska stråket 1, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
Interests: molecularly imprinted polymers; sample preparation; method development; radiotracer; HPLC; LC-MS

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polymer-based nanoparticles are particles that range in size from about 1 to 1000 nanometers in diameter, about one thousand times smaller than the average cell in a human body. Polymer-based nanoparticles comprised of polymers and inorganic particles offer a tremendous spectrum of properties and (potential) applications due to the versatility of combinations of characteristics of polymers and inorganic materials. Polymer-based nanoparticles can be formed in a variety of ways due to different applications, such as nanopolymers, nanomembranes, nanoelectrospun, and nano-3D printing. Considerable research has been undertaken with a view to deepening our basic understanding of nanocomposites in all areas, and, on the other hand, novel (potential) applications are also envisaged in scientific studies. This Special Issue will deal with the main features of and recent advances, as well as upcoming trends, in Polymer-Based Nanoparticles: Fabrication and Medical Applications.

Dr. Mohammad Moein
Guest Editor

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Research

22 pages, 5178 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Preparation, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Eudragit S100-Coated Bile Salt-Containing Liposomes for Oral Colonic Delivery of Budesonide

by Hamid Alghurabi, Tatsuaki Tagami, Koki Ogawa and Tetsuya Ozeki

Polymers 2022, 14(13), 2693; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14132693 - 30 Jun 2022

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2945

Abstract

The aim of this study was to prepare a liposomal formulation of a model drug (budesonide) for colonic delivery by incorporating a bile salt (sodium glycocholate, SGC) into liposomes followed by coating with a pH-responsive polymer (Eudragit S100, ES100). The role of the SGC is to protect the liposome from the emulsifying effect of physiological bile salts, while that of ES100 is to protect the liposomes from regions of high acidity and enzymatic activity in the stomach and small intestine. Vesicles containing SGC were prepared by two preparation methods (sonication and extrusion), and then coated by ES100 (ES100-SGC-Lip). ES100-SGC-Lip showed a high entrapment efficiency (>90%) and a narrow size distribution (particle size = 275 nm, polydispersity index < 0.130). The characteristics of liposomes were highly influenced by the concentration of incorporated SGC. The lipid/polymer weight ratio, liposome charge, liposome addition, and mixing rate were critical factors for efficient and uniform coating. In vitro drug release studies in various simulated fluids indicate a pH-dependent dissolution of the coating layer, and the disintegration process of ES100-SGC-Lip was evaluated. In conclusion, the bile salt-containing ES100-coated liposomal formulation has potential for effective oral colonic drug delivery. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer-Based Nanoparticles: Fabrication and Medical Applications)

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13 pages, 3552 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Construction of Tissue-Engineered Bladder Scaffolds with Composite Biomaterials

by Wenjiao Li, Na Qi, Tingting Guo, Chao Wang, Ziwei Huang, Zhouyuan Du, Dingwen Xu, Yin Zhao and Hong Tian

Polymers 2022, 14(13), 2654; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14132654 - 29 Jun 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2263

Abstract

Various congenital and acquired urinary system abnormalities can cause structural damage to patients’ bladders. This study aimed to construct and evaluate a novel surgical patch encapsulated with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for bladder tissue regeneration. The surgical patch consists of multiple biomaterials, including bladder acellular matrix (BAM), collagen type I from rat tail, microparticle emulsion cross-linking polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-chitosan (CS) with PLGA-sodium alginate (SA), and growth factors. ADSCs were seeded on the surgical patch. Approximately 50% of the bladder was excised and replaced with a surgical patch. Histological, immunohistochemical and urodynamic analyses were performed at the 2nd, 4th, and 8th weeks after surgery, respectively. The PLGA-CS, PLGA-SA or surgical patch showed no cytotoxicity to ADSCs. PLGA-CS cross-linked with PLGA-SA at a ratio of 5:5 exhibited a loose microporous structure and was chosen as the candidate for ADSC seeding. We conducted bladder repair surgery in rats using the patch, successfully presenting urothelium layers, muscle bundles, and vessel regeneration and replacing 50% of the rat’s natural bladder in vivo. Experiments through qualitative and quantitative evaluation demonstrate the application potential of the composite biomaterials in promoting the repair and reconstruction of bladder tissue. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer-Based Nanoparticles: Fabrication and Medical Applications)

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