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Polymers
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Advanced Polymeric Insulation Materials for Electrical Equipment
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Advanced Polymeric Insulation Materials for Electrical Equipment

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Analysis and Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2023) | Viewed by 14986

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jaroslav Hornak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials and Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, 30100 Pilsen, Czech Republic
Interests: cold-cure resins; composites; dielectric responses; epoxides; high voltage; inorganic particles; insulation materials; material characterization; polymer modifications; nanocomposites; synthesis
Prof. Dr. Pavel Trnka

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials and Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic
Interests: EIS aging; composites; cables; high-voltage EIS; EIS lifetime prediction; long-term stability; reliability; aging modeling; biodegradable EIS; polarizations

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polymers have been an object of interest in material research and development since the beginning of the last century. During this time, the requirements of a global society have been reflected in this area hand in hand with the growing possibilities of technical progress. Due to the significant expansion in the use of newly developed polymer-based insulation materials, it is necessary to understand and accurately describe the internal phenomena and their most important external manifestations, as only based on thorough laboratory characterization is it possible to estimate the properties for their future commercial applications. This fact is valid even at this time, when our attention has been focused on the increasing reliability of electrical or electronic devices, the possibility of their higher load capacity, and, last but not least, their improved environmental friendliness.

This Special Issue focuses on advanced polymeric materials for electrical and electronic equipment, which in some way contribute to the abovementioned requirements. For example, submitted contributions can be focused on filled polymeric materials (particulate, tubular, or fibrous structures) with advanced material properties, self-healing polymeric materials, materials with fire-retardant properties, or the application of solvent-free resins in different areas. Articles dealing with the nanostructured polymers are preferred, but if the topic is interesting enough, articles focused on micro- and macrocomposites may also be submitted.

There will be space for the description of material synthesis and structural modifications, but also for the description of behavior from the point of view of experimental research, e.g., material properties (electrical, mechanical, thermal, etc.) or material degradation (temperature, voltage, UV radiation, etc.). Articles dealing with both phenomenological and structural approaches are welcomed.

Considering your prominent contributions to this field, we would like to cordially invite you to submit an article to this Special Issue, which will publish full research papers, communications, and review articles.

Dr. Jaroslav Hornak
Prof. Dr. Pavel Trnka
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Charge accumulation
  • Dielectric responses
  • Environmentally friendly polymers
  • Fire retardancy
  • Long-term exposure
  • Nanostructures
  • Polymer composites
  • Polymer degradation
  • Self-healing polymer insulation
  • Structural modifications
  • Solvent-free resins
  • Thermal conductivity
  • UV stabilization

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 5611 KiB  
Article
A Comprehensive Study of Polyurethane Potting Compounds Doped with Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles
by Jaroslav Hornak, Jakub Černohous, Pavel Prosr, Pavel Rous, Pavel Trnka, Anton Baran and Štefan Hardoň
Polymers 2023, 15(6), 1532; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15061532 - 20 Mar 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3012
Abstract
Recently, polyurethanes (PURs) have become a very promising group of materials with considerable utilization and innovation potential. This work presents a comprehensive analysis of the changes in material properties important for PUR applications in the electrical industry due to the incorporation of magnesium [...] Read more.
Recently, polyurethanes (PURs) have become a very promising group of materials with considerable utilization and innovation potential. This work presents a comprehensive analysis of the changes in material properties important for PUR applications in the electrical industry due to the incorporation of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles at different weight ratios. From the results of the investigations carried out, it is evident that the incorporation of MgO improves the volume (by up to +0.5 order of magnitude) and surface (+1 order of magnitude) resistivities, reduces the dielectric losses at higher temperatures (−62%), improves the thermal stability of the material, and slows the decomposition reaction of polyurethane at specific temperatures (+30 °C). In contrast, the incorporation of MgO results in a slight decrease in the dielectric strength (−15%) and a significant decrease in the mechanical strength (−37%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymeric Insulation Materials for Electrical Equipment)
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10 pages, 40006 KiB  
Article
High-Dielectric PVP@PANI/PDMS Composites Fabricated via an Electric Field-Assisted Approach
by Huaixiao Wei, Yuan Yuan, Tianli Ren, Lijuan Zhou, Xueqing Liu, Haroon A. M. Saeed, Pingliang Jin and Yuwei Chen
Polymers 2022, 14(20), 4381; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14204381 - 17 Oct 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2521
Abstract
Polymer-based composite films with multiple properties, such as low dielectric loss tangent, high dielectric constant, and low cost are promising materials in the area of electronics and electric industries. In this study, flexible dielectric films were fabricated via an electric field-assisted method. Polyaniline [...] Read more.
Polymer-based composite films with multiple properties, such as low dielectric loss tangent, high dielectric constant, and low cost are promising materials in the area of electronics and electric industries. In this study, flexible dielectric films were fabricated via an electric field-assisted method. Polyaniline (PANI) was modified by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to form a core–shell structure to serve as functional particles and silicone rubber polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) served as the matrix. The dielectric constant of the composites prepared under electric fields was improved by the micro-structures formed by external electric fields. With the addition of 2.5 wt% PVP@PANI, the dielectric constant could be significantly enhanced, up to 23; the dielectric loss tangent is only 1, which is lower than that of the aligned PANI samples. This new processing technology provides important insights for aligning fillers in polymer matrix to form composites with enhanced dielectric properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymeric Insulation Materials for Electrical Equipment)
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13 pages, 20348 KiB  
Article
Influence of Nanoparticles on the Dielectric Response of a Single Component Resin Based on Polyesterimide
by Štefan Hardoň, Jozef Kúdelčík, Anton Baran, Ondrej Michal, Pavel Trnka and Jaroslav Hornak
Polymers 2022, 14(11), 2202; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14112202 - 28 May 2022
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 2403
Abstract
The influence of various types of nanoparticle fillers with the same diameter of 20 nm were separately incorporated into a single component impregnating resin based on a polyesterimide (PEI) matrix and its subsequent changes in complex relative permittivity were studied. In this paper, [...] Read more.
The influence of various types of nanoparticle fillers with the same diameter of 20 nm were separately incorporated into a single component impregnating resin based on a polyesterimide (PEI) matrix and its subsequent changes in complex relative permittivity were studied. In this paper, nanoparticles of Al2O3 and ZnO were dispersed into PEI (with 0.5 and 1 wt.%) to prepare nanocomposite polymer. Dielectric frequency spectroscopy was used to measure the dependence of the real and imaginary parts of complex relative permittivity within the frequency range of 1 mHz to 1 MHz at a temperature range from +20 °C to +120 °C. The presence of weight concentration of nanoparticles in the PEI resin has an impact on the segmental dynamics of the polymer chain and changed the charge distribution in the given system. The changes detected in the 1H NMR spectra confirm that dispersed nanoparticles in PEI lead to the formation of loose structures, which results in higher polymer chain mobility. A shift of the local relaxation peaks, corresponding to the α-relaxation process, and higher mobility of the polymer chains in the spectra of imaginary permittivity of the investigated nanocomposites was observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymeric Insulation Materials for Electrical Equipment)
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16 pages, 3316 KiB  
Article
Influence of Various Technologies on the Quality of Ultra-Wideband Antenna on a Polymeric Substrate
by Peter Lukacs, Alena Pietrikova, Igor Vehec and Peter Provazek
Polymers 2022, 14(3), 507; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14030507 - 27 Jan 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2799
Abstract
The design, simulation, realization, and measurement of an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna on a polymeric substrate have been realized. The UWB antenna was prepared using conventional technology, such as copper etching; inkjet printing, which is regarded as a modern and progressive nano-technology; and polymer [...] Read more.
The design, simulation, realization, and measurement of an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna on a polymeric substrate have been realized. The UWB antenna was prepared using conventional technology, such as copper etching; inkjet printing, which is regarded as a modern and progressive nano-technology; and polymer thick-film technology in the context of screen-printing technology. The thick-film technology-based UWB antenna has a bandwidth of 3.8 GHz, with a central frequency of 9 GHz, and a frequency range of 6.6 to 10.4 GHz. In addition to a comparison of the technologies described, the results show that the mesh of the screens has a significant impact on the quality of the UWB antenna when utilizing polymeric screen-printing pastes. Last but not least, the eco-friendly combination of polyimide substrate and graphene-based screen-printing paste is thoroughly detailed. From 5 to 9.42 GHz, the graphene-based UWB antenna achieved a bandwidth of 4.42 GHz. The designed and realized UWB antenna well exceeds the Federal Communications Commission’s (FCC) standards for UWB antenna definition. The modification of the energy surface of the polyimide substrate by plasma treatment is also explained in this paper, in addition to the many types of screen-printing pastes and technologies. According to the findings, plasma treatment improved the bandwidth of UWB antennas to 5.45 GHz, and the combination of plasma treatment with graphene provides a suitable replacement for traditional etching technologies. The characteristics of graphene-based pastes can also be altered by plasma treatment in terms of their usability on flexible substrates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymeric Insulation Materials for Electrical Equipment)
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18 pages, 9602 KiB  
Article
Aging Mechanisms and Non-Destructive Aging Indicators of XLPE/CSPE Unshielded LV Nuclear Power Cables Subjected to Simultaneous Radiation-Mechanical Aging
by Ramy S. A. Afia, Ehtasham Mustafa and Zoltán Ádám Tamus
Polymers 2021, 13(18), 3033; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13183033 - 8 Sep 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2781
Abstract
Low-voltage cable systems in nuclear power plants are key components that have a crucial role in the safe operation of nuclear facilities. Thus, the aging management of cable systems is of utmost importance as they cannot easily or economically be replaced or upgraded. [...] Read more.
Low-voltage cable systems in nuclear power plants are key components that have a crucial role in the safe operation of nuclear facilities. Thus, the aging management of cable systems is of utmost importance as they cannot easily or economically be replaced or upgraded. Therefore, there is a continuous need to develop reliable non-destructive condition monitoring techniques, mostly based on the measurement of the dielectric properties of cable insulation. This paper introduces the changing of dielectric and mechanical properties of XLPE insulated and CSPE jacketed unshielded low-voltage nuclear power plant power cable in case of simultaneous mechanical and radiation aging. The cable samples were bent and exposed to 400 kGy gamma irradiation with a 0.5 kGy/hr dose rate. Dielectric response (real and imaginary permittivity) in the 0.1 Hz−1 kHz frequency range, extended voltage response (EVR), and the Shore D hardness test techniques were measured to track aging. The electrical and mechanical parameters have increased monotonically with aging, except the imaginary permittivity, which increased only at frequencies higher than 10 Hz. Furthermore, different quantities were deducted based on the frequency and permittivity data. The electrical parameters and deducted quantities correlation with aging and mechanical parameters were investigated. Since the deducted quantities and the electrical parameters are strongly correlated with absorbed dose and mechanical properties, the electrical measurements can be applied as a non-destructive aging indicator for XLPE/CSPE unshielded low-voltage nuclear power cables. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymeric Insulation Materials for Electrical Equipment)
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