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Simulation and Measurement of Flows in Chemical Process Engineering—Trends, Insights...
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Simulation and Measurement of Flows in Chemical Process Engineering—Trends, Insights and Applications

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 2794

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Heyko Jürgen Schultz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemistry-Chemical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Niederrhein, 47798 Krefeld, Germany
Interests: stirring and mixing technology; fluid and particle flows; CFD; flow measurement technology; gas hydrates
Prof. Dr. Maurizio Barbato

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Innovative Technologies Department, SUPSI, East Campus, Via la Santa 1, CH-6962 Lugano, Switzerland
Interests: fluid flow; CFD; heat and mass transfer; mixing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This contribution shall present new trends and insights in the application of flow simulations and flow measurement technology in chemical process engineering.

Both simulation and measurement technology have shown great developments and progress on their own, but in combination, especially, there are many synergies and connecting points. These topics will be explored in this Special Issue.

With this field, multiple aspects of modern engineering and sustainable chemical processes are addressed. Innovative flow simulations and up-to-date flow measurement technologies deliver chemical process optimization, improvements in mixing, savings of large amounts of thermal and electrical energy, minimization of resource and educt consumption as well as undesirable secondary products and therefore environmental impact, CO2 footprint, maximization of selectivities and yields, process safety, as well as economic efficiency and competitiveness of chemical products. This is precisely why the topics of this Special Issue are so important in regard to widespread chemical, mixing, and process engineering operations.

Flow simulation now seems to be present almost everywhere as a frequently used “standard tool” in companies for design purposes, parameter studies, virtual simulations of operational conditions, troubleshooting approaches, and customer-support services. In this context, however, awareness must be raised that, especially in the case of complex geometries and multiple phases, models that have been verified and validated experimentally by modern flow measuring technology are required to provide significant meaningfulness of the simulations in order to go beyond the status of “colorful simulation images”.

Rapidly increasing computing capacities of conventional computers lead to the spread of the technologies mentioned and new approaches to solution algorithms for simulations on the one hand, and, in particular, non-contact measurement technology on the other hand, resulting in progress and exciting developments in both areas.

Panta rhei – everything flows.

We look forward to your contributions!

Prof. Dr. Heyko Jürgen Schultz
Prof. Dr. Maurizio Barbato
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fluid flow
  • particle flow
  • mixing
  • computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
  • discrete element method (DEM)
  • particle image velocimetry (PIV)
  • laser induced fluorescence (LIF)
  • shadowgraphy
  • chemical process engineering
  • heat and mass transfer

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 41883 KiB  
Article
Dynamics of Lagrangian Sensor Particles: The Effect of Non-Homogeneous Mass Distribution
by Ryan Rautenbach, Sebastian Hofmann, Lukas Buntkiel, Jan Schäfer, Sebastian Felix Reinecke, Marko Hoffmann, Uwe Hampel and Michael Schlüter
Processes 2024, 12(8), 1617; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12081617 - 1 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1060
Abstract
The growing demand for bio-pharmaceuticals necessitates improved methods for the characterization of stirred tank reactors (STRs) and their mixing heterogeneities. Traditional Eulerian measurement approaches fall short, culminating in the use of Lagrangian Sensor Particles (LSPs) to map large-scale STRs and track the lifelines [...] Read more.
The growing demand for bio-pharmaceuticals necessitates improved methods for the characterization of stirred tank reactors (STRs) and their mixing heterogeneities. Traditional Eulerian measurement approaches fall short, culminating in the use of Lagrangian Sensor Particles (LSPs) to map large-scale STRs and track the lifelines of microorganisms such as Chinese Hamster Ovary cells. This study investigates the hydrodynamic characteristics of LSPs, specifically examining the effects that the size and position of the Center of Mass (CoM) have on their flow-following capabilities. Two Lagrangian Particle (LP) designs are evaluated, one with the CoM and a Geometric Center aligned, and another with a shifted CoM. The experimental study is conducted in a rectangular vessel filled with deionized water featuring a stationary circular flow. Off-center LPs exhibit higher velocities, an increased number of floor contacts, and moreover, a less homogeneous particle probability of presence within the vessel compared to LPs with CoM and Geometric Center aligned. Lattice Boltzmann Large Eddy Simulations provide complementary undisturbed fluid velocity data for the calculation of the Stokes number St. Building upon these findings, differences in the Stokes number St between the two LP variants of ΔSt = 0.01 (25 mm LP) and ΔSt = 0.13 (40 mm LP) are calculated, highlighting the difference in flow behavior. Furthermore, this study offers a more representative calculation of particle response time approach, as the traditional Stokes number definition does not account for non-homogeneous particles, resulting in an alternative Stokes number (ΔStalt = 0.84 (25 mm LP) and ΔStalt = 2.72 (40 mm LP)). This study contributes to the improved characterization of STRs through the use of Lagrangian Sensor Particles. Results highlight the implications the internal mass distribution has on LSP design, offering crucial considerations for researchers in the field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Simulation and Measurement of Flows in Chemical Process Engineering—Trends, Insights and Applications)
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20 pages, 7880 KiB  
Article
Investigation of the Mixing Time Distribution and Connected Flow Fields in Two-Stage Stirred Vessels
by Marian Matzke, Mathias Ulbricht and Heyko Jürgen Schultz
Processes 2024, 12(1), 132; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12010132 - 4 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1239
Abstract
In this study, laser-induced fluorescence is used to investigate the homogenization in stirred vessels equipped with single- and two-stage stirrers. The acquired local mixing times across the reactor cross-section are plotted as mixing time distribution (MTD) and then compared with the previously measured [...] Read more.
In this study, laser-induced fluorescence is used to investigate the homogenization in stirred vessels equipped with single- and two-stage stirrers. The acquired local mixing times across the reactor cross-section are plotted as mixing time distribution (MTD) and then compared with the previously measured flow fields of the identical systems. With the help of a novel evaluation method, the mixing times are characterized with a normal distribution fit. With mean value and standard deviation as determined parameters, the mixing results of different installation heights and stirrer combinations are quantitatively evaluated and lead to clear recommendations for installations that enable efficient mixing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Simulation and Measurement of Flows in Chemical Process Engineering—Trends, Insights and Applications)
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