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Journals
Processes
Special Issues
Various Sustainable Energy Technologies in Buildings
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Various Sustainable Energy Technologies in Buildings

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 18379

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jie Zhu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Interests: novel tri-generation systems powered by solar energy; novel modular foundations/ground source heat pumps; implementation and applications of solar energy; advanced air conditioning systems; building energy performance simulation; BREEAM

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue “Various Sustainable Energy Technologies in Buildings” aims to present scientific contributions focused on related topics, including:

  • Renewable energy technologies for thermal energy applications,
  • HVAC systems,
  • Air source and ground source heat pumps,
  • Direct and indirect evaporative cooling,
  • Co-generation systems,
  • Building energy performance analyses,
  • Energy policy studies.

Dr. Jie Zhu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • HVAC
  • heat pump
  • air conditioning
  • tri-generation
  • building energy
  • energy policy

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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38 pages, 10960 KiB  
Article
Structural Safety Analysis of Cantilever External Shading Components of Buildings under Extreme Wind Environment
by Cheng Lv, Wanjiang Wang, Zhe Wang, Pingan Ni and Hanjie Zheng
Processes 2022, 10(5), 857; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10050857 - 26 Apr 2022
Viewed by 2121
Abstract
The high intensity of solar radiation and long sunshine time in the Turpan area lead to the necessity of sunshade construction. Sunshade components can effectively block direct solar radiation and the secondary heating of buildings. Through the analysis of the importance and sensitivity [...] Read more.
The high intensity of solar radiation and long sunshine time in the Turpan area lead to the necessity of sunshade construction. Sunshade components can effectively block direct solar radiation and the secondary heating of buildings. Through the analysis of the importance and sensitivity of sunshade components, it was found that the importance of sunshade components accounts for the largest proportion of multi-parameters, and the sensitivity of sunshade components accounts for about 60% of the total. At the same time, the change in sunshade length has an important influence on the proportion of air conditioning energy consumption and space comfort when the sunshade length reached the 0.6 m–0.8 m range. The energy consumption curve of air conditioning no longer decreased and tended to be horizontal, which showed that a sunshade could effectively reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning, while the PMV comfort curve gradually increased and tended to be horizontal, indicating that a sunshade could effectively improve indoor comfort; therefore, a sunshade could reduce direct solar radiation, reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning and improve indoor thermal comfort. In view of the extremely harsh climate characteristics of Turpan, although Turpan needs to carry out shading design, as a typical wind-sensitive component, the structural safety of the visor under the action of an extreme wind environment is the primary focus of designers. The design requires wind loads as control loads. Based on the ANSYS Workbench platform, this study used the fluid–structure coupling technology to calculate and solve for the wind load stress and strain of a horizontal sunshade and a vertical sunshade in a cantilevered external sunshade of different buildings orientations. In this study, by solving for the maximum principal stress and maximum principal elastic strain under 10 working conditions, the results showed that the maximum principal stress of the sun visor under all working conditions was 0.39 MPa, which is much smaller than the tensile strength of C25 concrete. The calculated maximum principal elastic strain of the sun visor was 0.12 × 10−4, which is much smaller than the maximum strain value of concrete. Therefore, the wind load under this research condition had no great influence on the structural safety of the concrete sunshade, which proves the structural feasibility of the building sunshade member in the Turpan area, and provides a reference for the future practical engineering of cantilever members in the Turpan area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Various Sustainable Energy Technologies in Buildings)
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14 pages, 4726 KiB  
Article
Thermal Control Processes by Deterministic and Network-Based Models for Energy Use and Control Accuracy in a Building Space
by Jonghoon Ahn
Processes 2021, 9(2), 385; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9020385 - 20 Feb 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1723
Abstract
Various control approaches for building thermal controls have been studied to improve the energy use which determines a large part of the spatial thermal quality. This research compares the performance of deterministic models and a network-based model to examine the aspects of both [...] Read more.
Various control approaches for building thermal controls have been studied to improve the energy use which determines a large part of the spatial thermal quality. This research compares the performance of deterministic models and a network-based model to examine the aspects of both energy consumption and thermal comfort. The single-switch deterministic model immediately responds to indoor thermal conditions, but the network-based model sends better-fit signals derived from learned data reflecting seven different climate conditions. As a result, the network-based model improves the thermal comfort level by about 6.1% to 9.4% and the energy efficiency by about 1.8% to 39.5% as compared to a thermostat and a fuzzy model. In the case of a specific weather condition, it can be confirmed that the process of finding efficient control values based on the network-based learning algorithm is more efficient than the conventional deterministic models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Various Sustainable Energy Technologies in Buildings)
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12 pages, 2314 KiB  
Article
Numerical Investigation of a Novel Plate-Fin Indirect Evaporative Cooling System Considering Condensation
by Yuanyuan Zhou, Zhen Yan, Ming Gao, Qiumin Dai and Yanshun Yu
Processes 2021, 9(2), 332; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9020332 - 11 Feb 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2608
Abstract
An indirect evaporative cooling system combining with thermoelectric cooling technology (i.e., TIEC system) is proposed, in which a counter-flow plate-fin indirect evaporative cooler is inserted with thermoelectric cooling (i.e., TEC) modules. In hot and humid climate, condensation may occur on the dry channel [...] Read more.
An indirect evaporative cooling system combining with thermoelectric cooling technology (i.e., TIEC system) is proposed, in which a counter-flow plate-fin indirect evaporative cooler is inserted with thermoelectric cooling (i.e., TEC) modules. In hot and humid climate, condensation may occur on the dry channel surface of the cooler. For the TIEC system, with the aid of TEC technology, the surface temperature of the dry channel can be much lower than that of a traditional indirect evaporative cooler, thus, the condensation from the primary air is more likely to take place. A numerical model of this novel TIEC system is developed with specifically taking condensation from primary air into account. Detailed performance analysis of the TIEC system is carried out. Analytical results found that the condensation from primary air reduces the dew point effectiveness by up to 45.0% by weakening the sensible heat transfer but increases the coefficient of performance by up to 62.2% by increasing the latent heat transfer, under given conditions. The effects of main operating conditions, such as the electrical current I and number n of TEC modules, inlet temperature Tp,i, humidity ratio RHp and velocity Vp of the primary air, and the mass flow rate ratio x of secondary to primary air, are investigated under non-condensation and condensation states. It is shown that condensate is more easily produced under higher I, n, Tp,i, RHp, x and lower Vp. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Various Sustainable Energy Technologies in Buildings)
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Review

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26 pages, 13139 KiB  
Review
Performance Evaluation of Solar Power Plants: A Review and a Case Study
by Mahmoud Makkiabadi, Siamak Hoseinzadeh, Ali Taghavirashidizadeh, Mohsen Soleimaninezhad, Mohammadmahdi Kamyabi, Hassan Hajabdollahi, Meysam Majidi Nezhad and Giuseppe Piras
Processes 2021, 9(12), 2253; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9122253 - 14 Dec 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 11208
Abstract
The world’s electricity generation has increased with renewable energy technologies such as solar (solar power plant), wind energy (wind turbines), heat energy, and even ocean waves. Iran is in the best condition to receive solar radiation due to its proximity to the equator [...] Read more.
The world’s electricity generation has increased with renewable energy technologies such as solar (solar power plant), wind energy (wind turbines), heat energy, and even ocean waves. Iran is in the best condition to receive solar radiation due to its proximity to the equator (25.2969° N). In 2020, Iran was able to supply only 900 MW (about 480 solar power plants and 420 MW home solar power plants) of its electricity demand from solar energy, which is very low compared to the global average. Yazd, Fars, and Kerman provinces are in the top ranks of Iran, with the production of approximately 68, 58, and 47 MW using solar energy, respectively. Iran also has a large area of vacant land for the construction of solar power plants. In this article, the amount of electricity generation using solar energy in Iran is studied. In addition, the construction of a 10 MW power plant in the city of Sirjan is economically and technically analyzed. The results show that with US$16.14 million, a solar power plant can be built in the Sirjan region, and the initial capital will be returned in about four years. The results obtained using Homer software show that the highest maximum power generation is in July. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Various Sustainable Energy Technologies in Buildings)
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