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Prosthesis
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Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body
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Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body

A special issue of Prosthesis (ISSN 2673-1592).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2024 | Viewed by 14383

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Marco Cicciu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy
Interests: oral medicine; oral cancer; oral health; periodontology; periodontal regeneration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Gabriele Cervino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina-Policlinico "Gaetano Martino”, Via Consolare Valeria, 98100 Messina, Italy
Interests: biomaterials; oral surgery; implantology; oral pathology; prosthodontics; bioengineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, innovative advances in the field of prosthetic devices applied to medical sciences have been explored and then developed. Thus, there is a call for researchers and clinicians to keep up with all of the progress that is occurring in the field.

New materials as well as digital technologies are available to enhance the effectiveness of the diagnostic process and increase the spectrum of treatments available, as well as increase the number of human body prosthetic applications.

Therefore, new tools such as scanners, digital models, cone-beam computerized tomography, photogrammetry, and artificial intelligence (AI) have gradually spread, improving the possibility of carrying out successful diagnoses and research about prosthesis and rehabilitation.

This Special Issue aims to showcase the latest research, technologies, and innovations in the field of prosthesis and rehabilitation, and to explore the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.

Moreover, the objective is to provide evidence-based data on innovative advances and knowledge for diagnostic and therapeutic technologies. Studies that take innovative approaches or provide original information are of higher priority.

This Special Issue’s topic will merge the applications of prosthetic devices, including the integration of sensors, machine learning algorithms, and neural interfaces, to improve the accuracy, speed, and adaptability of each prosthesis that can be applied to the human body. The fields of medicine, biomedicine, bioengineering, and materials sciences are the main areas of this Special Issue, and topics related to cardiac prosthesis, ocular prosthesis, dental prosthesis, and orthopedic prosthesis are also welcome.

In this regard, we are delighted to invite investigators to submit original research articles (trials, cohort studies, and case-control and cross-sectional studies), high-quality case reports, communications, and reviews (narrative or systematic reviews and meta-analyses) in accordance with the fields previously indicated.

Prof. Dr. Marco Cicciu
Prof. Dr. Gabriele Cervino
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Prosthesis is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardiac prosthesis
  • ocular prosthesis
  • orthopedic prosthesis
  • periodontal
  • prosthodontics
  • biomaterials
  • biomedicines

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (11 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 2250 KiB  
Article
Mechanical Behavior of Oil-Saturated Silicone Membranes for Adipose Tissue Synthesis in Clinical and Theatrical Prosthesis
by Richard Arm, Arash Shahidi, Andreea Pislaru, Kalana Marasinghe, Richard Bibb and Theodore Hughes-Riley
Prosthesis 2024, 6(6), 1340-1358; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis6060097 - 19 Nov 2024
Viewed by 253
Abstract
Emulating very soft tissues with synthetic materials is important for clinical prosthetists who want to improve compliance in maxillofacial and breast prosthesis. It is equally important for theatrical prosthetists wanting to model bariatric conditions and soft organs for surgical or palpation training. Polydimethylsiloxane [...] Read more.
Emulating very soft tissues with synthetic materials is important for clinical prosthetists who want to improve compliance in maxillofacial and breast prosthesis. It is equally important for theatrical prosthetists wanting to model bariatric conditions and soft organs for surgical or palpation training. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) gels, which are often used in medical model construction, are stiff and highly elastic compared to the friable soft tissues found in the body. Silicone oil is known to soften PDMS gels, but it is not known precisely how oil dispersal affects these gels and what proportion of oil is needed to simulate very soft tissue membranes like adipose tissue. In this work, internationally agreed test standards were used to mechanically characterize a range of PDMS gel membranes saturated with different amounts of silicone oil to determine whether materials with behavioral similarities to adipose tissue could be created. Mechanical properties like hardness, elasticity, strength, viscoelastic behavior and cure-time are presented in this study, which are all key factors required by the creators of such membranes. Results were compared to identical tests on porcine fat and data in the literature for porcine and human fat. The data revealed a strong correlation between increases in oil content and decreases in membrane hardness, strength and elastic modulus. It was also found that increases in oil content caused proportional increases in cure time, while membranes with equal amounts of oil and gel were best at mimicking characteristics of human and porcine fat, like hardness and elasticity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body)
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9 pages, 3721 KiB  
Article
Craniosacral Breathing in a Removable Partial Denture: A Novel Approach to Building a Denture
by Saverio Ceraulo, Francesca Cremonini, Antonio Barbarisi, Dorina Lauritano, Gianluigi Caccianiga and Roberto Biagi
Prosthesis 2024, 6(5), 1202-1210; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis6050086 - 26 Sep 2024
Viewed by 642
Abstract
Craniosacral rhythm is a manual therapy technique that focuses on the subtle, rhythmic movement of cerebrospinal fluid as it flows through the central nervous system and musculoskeletal system. Through light and delicate manipulation of the cranial bones, membranes and soft tissues of the [...] Read more.
Craniosacral rhythm is a manual therapy technique that focuses on the subtle, rhythmic movement of cerebrospinal fluid as it flows through the central nervous system and musculoskeletal system. Through light and delicate manipulation of the cranial bones, membranes and soft tissues of the head and neck, it promotes rebalancing and release from tension in the body, improving the circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid and the individual’s health. In the field of prosthetic dentistry, in rare cases, such as a full arch or removable partial denture, the patient perceives a sensation of constriction even though all procedures have been used correctly. In this work, a new design fora removable partial denture is proposed that does not interfere with the primary respiratory mechanism, reducing the sensation of constriction in the patient. The materials used are the same as those used for a normal removable partial denture, and the technique used is the “lost wax” one: the novelty is that the prosthesis is made in two separate parts that are joined by a central connection; the result is a removable partial denture with a small central thickening in the main joint represented by the connection of the two pieces. Craniosacral breathing movements are favored with this prosthesis as the metal structure is hyperstatic towards intrusion movements, more or less virtual in the opposite direction, i.e., extrusion towards the vestibule. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body)
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10 pages, 519 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Mental Health after High-Density Polyethylene-Based Porous Orbital Implant in Enucleated and Eviscerated Patients
by Antonio Manuel Garrido-Hermosilla, Irene Martínez-Alberquilla, María Concepción Díaz-Ruiz, Raquel Monge-Carmona, Mariola Méndez-Muros, Álvaro López-Díaz, Víctor Sánchez-Margalet, Estanislao Gutiérrez-Sánchez, María Isabel Relimpio-López and Enrique Rodríguez-de-la-Rúa-Franch
Prosthesis 2024, 6(5), 979-988; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis6050071 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 744
Abstract
Objectives: To assess the overall mental health of enucleated or eviscerated patients after high-density porous polyethylene OCULFIT implantation and external prosthesis over a 1-year follow-up. Methods: Patients with an indication of enucleation or evisceration with OCULFIT implantation were included in a prospective study. [...] Read more.
Objectives: To assess the overall mental health of enucleated or eviscerated patients after high-density porous polyethylene OCULFIT implantation and external prosthesis over a 1-year follow-up. Methods: Patients with an indication of enucleation or evisceration with OCULFIT implantation were included in a prospective study. The patients completed four questionnaires regarding mental health at three different visits (baseline, 3–6 months, and 9–12 months post-surgery). The questionnaires used were the following: SF-12 for multidimensional health-related quality of life (scale 0–100); Rosemberg self-esteem scale (scale 0–40); Patients Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) (scale 0–6); and a Lifetime Major Depression and Anhedonia questionnaire (categorised in groups with/without symptoms). Results: A total of 33 patients (16 enucleations and 17 eviscerations) were included in the study. The physical domain of the SF-12 questionnaire did not change between visits, but the mental domain significantly improved from the baseline to the last visit (41.71 ± 12.72 vs. 46.80 ± 10.68, p = 0.04). The number of patients with high, moderate, and low self-esteem (Rosemberg scale) was similar between the baseline and the last visit. The depression and anxiety scores of the PHQ-4 were not significantly different among visits. The number of patients with no symptoms (depression or anhedonia) improved from the baseline (42.2%) throughout the follow-up (66.7% at the last visit). Conclusions: OCULFIT orbital implant and external prosthesis placement maintained and/or improved the quality of life related to mental health in eviscerated and enucleated eyes. The number of patients with no symptoms improved from the baseline throughout the follow-up. The patients’ self-esteem was already high before implantation and remained stable over the follow-up. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body)
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21 pages, 9366 KiB  
Article
Design of a Compliant Sternum Prosthesis for Improving Respiratory Dynamics
by Octavio Ramírez, Christopher René Torres-SanMiguel and Marco Ceccarelli
Prosthesis 2024, 6(3), 561-581; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis6030040 - 28 May 2024
Viewed by 925
Abstract
This study presents a novel approach to sternum prosthesis design, aiming to address the limitations of the current solutions by employing compliant mechanisms. The research focuses on developing a prosthetic design capable of generating lifting movements on ribs during breathing. First, a videogrammetry [...] Read more.
This study presents a novel approach to sternum prosthesis design, aiming to address the limitations of the current solutions by employing compliant mechanisms. The research focuses on developing a prosthetic design capable of generating lifting movements on ribs during breathing. First, a videogrammetry experimental test and virtual simulations were conducted to ascertain the vertical forces applied to each sternum joint. Subsequently, a compliant mechanism design was initiated, involving optimization and finite element analysis (FEM). A comprehensive kinematic performance analysis was performed to evaluate the prosthetic design. The results indicate that the obtained displacements of each rib closely align with those reported in the existing literature, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed solution. In conclusion, the developed sternum prosthesis exhibits the capability to recover approximately 56% of the ribs’ natural movements, highlighting its potential as an innovative and promising solution in the field of chest prosthetics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body)
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9 pages, 1090 KiB  
Article
An Experimental Method to Add New Prosthetic Teeth in the Removable Partial Denture Framework: TIG Cold Welding and Preformed Pins
by Enzo Cumbo, Pietro Messina, Giuseppe Gallina and Giuseppe Alessandro Scardina
Prosthesis 2023, 5(4), 1120-1128; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis5040078 - 31 Oct 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1262
Abstract
The need to modify removable partial dentures equipped with a metal framework in order to add other prosthetic teeth to replace natural teeth lost by the patient could lead to laboratory procedures so complex as to require the creation of new prostheses with [...] Read more.
The need to modify removable partial dentures equipped with a metal framework in order to add other prosthetic teeth to replace natural teeth lost by the patient could lead to laboratory procedures so complex as to require the creation of new prostheses with a heavy economic burden. The creation of preformed metal pins to be welded using the economical TIG cold welding method could represent a valid alternative solution with the aim of modifying the prostheses using a reinforced resin capable of adequately resisting masticatory loads. This study evaluates and compares the mechanical robustness and the clinical reliability of these modified prostheses in cases of junctions of one or two contiguous prosthetic teeth. The 6-month follow-up demonstrated the total validity of the method via the absence of significant breakages or detachments in all of the patients analyzed; on the other hand, the prostheses modified using the traditional method and used as controls showed a high incidence of fractures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body)
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10 pages, 7523 KiB  
Communication
Surface Roughness of Enamel and Dentin after Preparation Finishing with Rotary Burs or Piezoelectric Instruments
by Antonio Rapani, Federico Berton, Amedeo Tramontin, Gianluca Turco, Giulio Marchesi, Roberto Di Lenarda and Claudio Stacchi
Prosthesis 2023, 5(3), 711-720; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis5030050 - 2 Aug 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1888
Abstract
This study compares the effect of different handpieces (turbine, high-speed electric handpiece and piezoelectric device) on surface roughness of enamel and dentin when using diamond-coated working tips and burs of the same grit size. The experiment was conducted on 15 extracted first molars [...] Read more.
This study compares the effect of different handpieces (turbine, high-speed electric handpiece and piezoelectric device) on surface roughness of enamel and dentin when using diamond-coated working tips and burs of the same grit size. The experiment was conducted on 15 extracted first molars from patients aged 45 to 60 years. The occlusal portion was removed using a diamond-coated water wheel and then refined with a 120–130 μm grit bur in order to obtain a flat surface with an adequate exposition of the dentin core. Each surface was divided into three portions and every portion was finished with one of the three tested instruments. The rotary burs and piezoelectric tips had the same grit size (60 μm), and the load on handpiece during preparation never exceeded 150 g. Roughness parameters (Ra, Rsk, Rku) were recorded with a profilometer, and a SEM analysis of treated surfaces and working tips was conducted. Ra and Rsk differed significantly between enamel and dentin only after using turbine (p = 0.004 and p = 0.007, respectively). No significant differences were observed in Ra, Rsk and Rku between enamel and dentin when using a high-speed electric handpiece or piezoelectric device. The turbine produced higher Ra and Rsk values on dentin than the other devices, while no significant differences were found between piezoelectric handpiece and high-speed electric contra-angle on both substrates. Summarizing, the findings of the present study demonstrated that turbine generated rougher surfaces on dentin compared to the other handpieces. Moreover, the turbine produced more asymmetrical surface profiles on both enamel and dentin. However, it should be considered that these differences in roughness (Ra) were within the range of 0.25–0.30 μm: it is still unclear if these variations, although statistically significant, will influence final clinical outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body)
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8 pages, 1118 KiB  
Article
Comparison of the Airway Anatomy between Infants and Three Pediatric Simulators: A Radiological Study on Premature Anne, Infant AM Trainer and Simbaby Manikins
by Luigi La Via, Daniele Falsaperla, Federica Merola, Simone Messina, Bruno Lanzafame, Santo Riccardo Borzì, Antonio Basile and Filippo Sanfilippo
Prosthesis 2023, 5(3), 602-609; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis5030042 - 6 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1218
Abstract
Background: Training is required to achieve proficiency in airway management. Simulators are of utmost importance not only for the purpose of training novices, but also for evaluating newer airway devices and techniques. Growing evidence supports inadequate anatomic airway reproduction in adult and pediatric [...] Read more.
Background: Training is required to achieve proficiency in airway management. Simulators are of utmost importance not only for the purpose of training novices, but also for evaluating newer airway devices and techniques. Growing evidence supports inadequate anatomic airway reproduction in adult and pediatric manikins. Methods: We conducted an observational study comparing 17 radiological anatomic airway measurements obtained via the computed tomography of three commercially available manikins with the same measurements obtained from a population of newborns/infant (range: 0–3 months) undergoing magnetic resonance imaging for diagnostic purposes. According to the reference (mean and standard deviation (SD) of the pediatric population), each manikin measurement was defined as adequate, partially adequate or inadequate (difference between means: ≤±1, 1.0–1.96 or >1.96 SD, respectively). The primary outcome was the number of measurements with an adequate reproduction of airways. Results: We included 27 pediatric patients (21 ± 19 days, 48% males, 46.6 ± 3.5 cm, 2.7 ± 0.5 Kg and 12.6 ± 2.9 kg/m2). All manikins had n = 11/17 measurements with inadequate airway anatomic reproduction. The three measurements with more adequate reproduction were the height of the soft palate, retropalatal airspace volume and tongue volume (adequate in two manikins, and partially adequate in the remaining one). Conclusions: In three manikins commonly used for training in pediatric airways, static dimensions do not seem anatomically correct in relation to those of pediatric patients. Such inaccuracies may introduce biases in airway device development as well as in training. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body)
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Review

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13 pages, 2781 KiB  
Review
Predictability and Effectiveness of Jaws Reconstructive Prosthesis after Tumor Removal: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Salvatore Crimi, Alberto Bianchi, Rocco Franco, Marco Cicciù and Giuseppe Minervini
Prosthesis 2023, 5(2), 562-574; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis5020039 - 7 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1493
Abstract
Vascular-free flaps are the most frequently employed method in cases of jaws reconstruction after large tumor removal. This therapeutic choice is due to its intrinsic blood supply, which speeds up recovery and enables healing apart from the injured recipient site. This method is [...] Read more.
Vascular-free flaps are the most frequently employed method in cases of jaws reconstruction after large tumor removal. This therapeutic choice is due to its intrinsic blood supply, which speeds up recovery and enables healing apart from the injured recipient site. This method is most commonly used in secondary reconstructions brought on by radiation, infection, or prior surgical intervention. In fact, with the help of 3d technology, guides can be designed to perform the grafting very smoothly. The purpose of this review with meta-analysis is to compare the two methods: the one using 3d and the freehand one. Methods: In accordance with the entered keywords, a literature search was conducted on PubMed, Lilacs, and Web of Science. Articles published between 2000 and 4 January 2023 were taken into consideration. Using the Boolean connective AND, the terms “jaw reconstruction”, “cad-cam”, and “cancer” have been joined. Results: After searching the three search motors, 148 articles were selected, and only 7 were chosen for this review. Conclusions: The pre-operative morphological position looks to be accurately restored using the CAD/CAM reconstructive methodology. Reconstruction using CAD-CAM and 3d technology allows for greater accuracy, less operative time, and improved aesthetics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body)
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Other

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13 pages, 1352 KiB  
Systematic Review
Exploring the Effect of In Vitro Aging Protocols on the Optical Properties and Crystalline Structure of High-Translucency (HT) Zirconia Used in Dentistry: A Systematic Review
by Zeid A. Al-Hourani, Muhanad M. Hatamleh and Obada A. Alqaisi
Prosthesis 2024, 6(5), 1042-1054; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis6050076 - 2 Sep 2024
Viewed by 614
Abstract
Zirconia crowns are capping materials used in dentistry for tooth capping and are very popular due to their optical properties and natural-looking visuals. In vitro aging protocols measure zirconia’s optical properties, which are vital in order for it to look natural. This study [...] Read more.
Zirconia crowns are capping materials used in dentistry for tooth capping and are very popular due to their optical properties and natural-looking visuals. In vitro aging protocols measure zirconia’s optical properties, which are vital in order for it to look natural. This study aims to conduct a systematic review to explore the effect of in vitro aging protocols on the optical properties and crystalline structure of high-translucency (HT) zirconia. A correlation matrix was obtained using Microsoft Excel, which was later transferred into SPSS for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and hierarchal clustering and to obtain a dendrogram in order to display the distribution of clusters for each key term relevant to the study. Further, for qualitative analysis, 17 studies were screened and reviewed. The result demonstrates that high translucency has been observed in the crystalline structure of zirconia capping. However, quantitative and qualitative results did not demonstrate the in vitro protocol; instead, neglect of the in vitro protocol’s vitality in zirconia crown capping was alarming. Overall, zirconia has good optical properties when combined with catalysts such as aluminum and lithium to obtain a more sustainable crystalline structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body)
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11 pages, 4487 KiB  
Case Report
Early Treatment of Class II Division 1 Malocclusions with Prefabricated Myofunctional Appliances: A Case Report
by Çeljana Toti, Gerta Kaςani, Aida Meto, Etleva Droboniku, Almiro Gurakuqi, Olja Tanellari, Dorjan Hysi and Luca Fiorillo
Prosthesis 2023, 5(4), 1049-1059; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis5040073 - 17 Oct 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2809
Abstract
Removable functional appliances (RFA) have long been employed to address Class II malocclusion, particularly in cases involving a significant overjet, a deep bite, and molar class 2 issues. Notably divergent from RFA, myofunctional appliances (PMA) offer several distinct advantages, including applicability in noncompliant [...] Read more.
Removable functional appliances (RFA) have long been employed to address Class II malocclusion, particularly in cases involving a significant overjet, a deep bite, and molar class 2 issues. Notably divergent from RFA, myofunctional appliances (PMA) offer several distinct advantages, including applicability in noncompliant patients, adaptability in cases of dental element scarcity, suitability for allergic patients, impression-free utilization, and reduced costs. Within the array of clinical cases treated with PMA, we chose to present an intricate case involving an 8-year-old girl. Our aim was to showcase the immediate effects of PMA and to track the progress over a two-year span. Following one year of PMA treatment, substantial improvements were observed in a large overjet, a deep bite, and lip incompetence—factors often associated with elevated risks of dental trauma. These improvements not only positively impacted dental aesthetics but also engendered normalized nasal respiration and diminished palatal impingement, thereby enhancing the overall quality of life. Upon reaching the two-year mark, the clinical status pertaining to Class II malocclusion remained stable. Further treatment was advised in a subsequent phase to refine imperfections in the dental arch form. Nonetheless, comprehensive data from the prolonged follow-up of patients treated with these appliances are essential to establish robust scientific evidence concerning their long-term efficacy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body)
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10 pages, 3659 KiB  
Case Report
Digital Analysis of a Novel Impression Method Named the Biological-Oriented Digital Impression Technique: A Clinical Audit
by Marco Tallarico, Manuel Cuccu, Silvio Mario Meloni, Aurea Immacolata Lumbau, Edoardo Baldoni, Milena Pisano, Luca Fiorillo and Gabriele Cervino
Prosthesis 2023, 5(4), 992-1001; https://doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis5040068 - 25 Sep 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1185
Abstract
This report aims to clinically evaluate the feasibility of a novel biological-oriented digital impression method for teeth prepared with a vertical preparation technique. Something that makes this case unique is that the definitive impression is taken without cord displacement, reducing the invasiveness for [...] Read more.
This report aims to clinically evaluate the feasibility of a novel biological-oriented digital impression method for teeth prepared with a vertical preparation technique. Something that makes this case unique is that the definitive impression is taken without cord displacement, reducing the invasiveness for the patient. In addition, dental technicians can reproduce the exact emergence profile of the temporary restoration used to reshape the soft tissue contours and define the accurate finish line at the established prosthetic junction, potentially avoiding the aesthetic and biological issues of the double-cord technique. The finish line and emergence profile are transferred using the temporary restoration through a simple CAD procedure performed using the same software used to take the impression. This makes the proposed biological-oriented digital impression technique (BODIT) easy to perform, avoiding adjunctive time and costs for clinicians and patients. Conclusions: Finally, patients' satisfaction could be significantly improved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Prosthetic Devices Applied to the Human Body)
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