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Advanced Antenna Design Methods for 5G and 6G Applications
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Advanced Antenna Design Methods for 5G and 6G Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Intelligent Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 9445

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Adnan Ghaffar

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Wireless Innovations in Engineering Research Group, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
Interests: RF microwave and antenna design; computational electromagnetic; wireless sensor networks; embedded systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Niamat Hussain

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Smart Device Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
Interests: antenna engineering; wireless power transfer; bioelectromagnetic (SAR reduction in mobile antennas, study of electromagnetic effects of human health)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Mousa Hussein

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Electrical & Communication Engineering, UAE University, Abu Dhabi 15551, United Arab Emirates
Interests: electromagnetics; antennas; microwave; material science; nanoparticles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, telecommunication technologies have witnessed exponential growth, especially in cellular communication and wireless sensor networks. In the era of modern wireless communication, mobile, connectivity, audio communication, and data transfer are important parts of our everyday life. To meet the demand of increasing transmission capacity, it is necessary to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of cellular communication channels and enable multiple frequency bands operations. It is difficult to design a mobile device with multi-standard antennas. An antenna is a vital part of every communication system and helps to connect different portable devices. The design and concept of the antenna has been changed due to the advancement of modern electronic devices.

Due to the implementation of 5G/6G, in the future, modern wireless technology and advanced electronics systems will see a huge demand for antennas for different applications such as IoT devices, massive MIMO, cognitive radios, and vehicle-to-vehicle communication. The advanced antenna design techniques will support different wireless services simultaneously, as well as offer flexibility and greater functionality.

Dr. Adnan Ghaffar
Dr. Niamat Hussain
Dr. Mousa Hussein
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • 5G technology
  • reconfigurable antenna
  • SIW-based technique
  • 6G antennas
  • metamaterials and meta-surface
  • compact and wearable antennas

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 4611 KiB  
Article
A Metasurface-Based LTC Polarization Converter with S-Shaped Split Ring Resonator Structure for Flexible Applications
by Erfeng Li, Xue Jun Li, Boon-Chong Seet, Adnan Ghaffar and Aayush Aneja
Sensors 2023, 23(14), 6268; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146268 - 10 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1309
Abstract
This paper presents a metasurface-based linear-to-circular polarization converter with a flexible structure for conformal and wearable applications. The converter consists of nested S- and C-shaped split ring resonators in the unit cell and can convert linearly polarized incident waves into left-handed circularly polarized [...] Read more.
This paper presents a metasurface-based linear-to-circular polarization converter with a flexible structure for conformal and wearable applications. The converter consists of nested S- and C-shaped split ring resonators in the unit cell and can convert linearly polarized incident waves into left-handed circularly polarized ones at 12.4 GHz. Simulation results show that the proposed design has a high polarization conversion rate and efficiency at the operating frequency. Conformal tests are also conducted to evaluate the performance under curvature circumstances. A minor shift in the operating frequency is observed when the converter is applied on a sinusoidal wavy surface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Antenna Design Methods for 5G and 6G Applications)
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14 pages, 8797 KiB  
Article
Ultra-Wideband Compact Fractal Antenna for WiMAX, WLAN, C and X Band Applications
by Mohamed Marzouk, Youssef Rhazi, Ibrahime Hassan Nejdi, Fatima-Ezzahra Zerrad, Mohamed Saih, Sarosh Ahmad, Adnan Ghaffar and Mousa Hussein
Sensors 2023, 23(9), 4254; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23094254 - 25 Apr 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2706
Abstract
In this paper, a compact dual-wideband fractal antenna is created for Bluetooth, WiMAX, WLAN, C, and X band applications. The proposed antenna consists of a circularly shaped resonator that contains square slots and a ground plane where a gap line is incorporated to [...] Read more.
In this paper, a compact dual-wideband fractal antenna is created for Bluetooth, WiMAX, WLAN, C, and X band applications. The proposed antenna consists of a circularly shaped resonator that contains square slots and a ground plane where a gap line is incorporated to increase the gain and bandwidth with a small volume of 40 × 34 × 1.6 mm3. The patch was supported by the FR4 dielectric, which had a permittivity of 4.4 and tan δ = 0.02. A 50 Ω microstrip line fed this antenna. The antenna was designed by the HFSS program, and after that, the simulated results were validated using the measured results. The measurement results confirm that the suggested antenna achieves dual-band frequencies ranging from 2.30 to 4.10 GHz, and from 6.10 GHz to 10.0 GHz, resonating at 2.8, 3.51, 6.53, and 9.37 GHz, respectively, for various applications including commercial, scholarly, and medical applications. Moreover, the antenna’s ability to operate within the frequency range of 3.1–10.6 GHz is in accordance with the FCC guidelines for the use of UWB antennas in breast cancer detection. Over the operational bands, the gain varied between 2 and 9 dB, and an efficiency of 92% was attained. A good agreement between the simulation and the measured results was found. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Antenna Design Methods for 5G and 6G Applications)
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12 pages, 11956 KiB  
Communication
A Triple-Band Reflective Polarization Conversion Metasurface with High Polarization Conversion Ratio for Ism and X-Band Applications
by Badisa Anil Babu, Boddapati Taraka Phani Madhav, Sudipta Das, Niamat Hussain, Syed Samser Ali and Nam Kim
Sensors 2022, 22(21), 8213; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22218213 - 26 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1651
Abstract
A compact and triple-band polarization converting reflective type metasurface (PCRM) with a high polarization conversion ratio (PCR) is proposed for strategic wireless antenna-integrated applications. The unit cell of the metasurface is composed of S- and G-shaped patches separated with a parasitic gap and [...] Read more.
A compact and triple-band polarization converting reflective type metasurface (PCRM) with a high polarization conversion ratio (PCR) is proposed for strategic wireless antenna-integrated applications. The unit cell of the metasurface is composed of S- and G-shaped patches separated with a parasitic gap and the grounded via is connected to the full ground plane. The unit cell is etched on an FR4 substrate (dielectric constant, εr = 4.4, loss tangent, tan δ = 0.02), with compact dimensions of 10 mm3 × 10 mm3 × 1.6 mm3. This structure provides a resonance at 5.2 (ISM), 6.9, and 8.05 GHz (X-band) frequencies. The designed unit cell structure is studied for Transverse Electric (TE)/Transverse Magnetic (TM) incident waves and their responses to the various incident angles. The corresponding PCR is calculated, which shows 92% in the lower frequency band (5.2 GHz), 93% in the second frequency band (6.9 GHz), and 94% in the high-frequency band (8.05 GHz). The total efficiency of the structure shows 83.2%, 62.95%, and 64.6% at the respective resonance bands. A prototype of the proposed PCRM with 3 × 3 unit cells is fabricated to validate the simulated results. The experimental data agrees with the simulation results. The compactness, triple-band operation with a high PCR value of more than 92% makes use of the designed metasurface in wireless antenna-integrated applications at ISM and X-bands. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Antenna Design Methods for 5G and 6G Applications)
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10 pages, 3046 KiB  
Communication
Miniaturized Folded-Slot CubeSat MIMO Antenna Design with Pattern Diversity
by Rifaqat Hussain, Khaled Aljaloud, Abida Shaheen Rao, Abdullah M. AlGarni, Ali H. Alqahtani, Abdul Aziz, Yosef T. Aladadi, Saad I. Alhuwaimel and Niamat Hussain
Sensors 2022, 22(20), 7855; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207855 - 16 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2567
Abstract
In this paper, a folded slot-based multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna design for Cube Satellite (CubeSat) applications is presented for the ultra-high frequency (UHF) band. A unique combination of a reactively loaded meandered slot with a folded structure is presented to achieve the antenna’s miniaturization. [...] Read more.
In this paper, a folded slot-based multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna design for Cube Satellite (CubeSat) applications is presented for the ultra-high frequency (UHF) band. A unique combination of a reactively loaded meandered slot with a folded structure is presented to achieve the antenna’s miniaturization. The proposed antenna is able to operate over a wide frequency band from 430~510 MHz. Moreover, pattern diversity is achieved by the antenna’s element placement, resulting in good MIMO diversity performance. The four elements are placed on one Unit (1U) for CubeSat dimensions of 100 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm. The miniaturized antenna design with pattern diversity over a wide operating band is well suited for small satellite applications, particularly CubeSats in the UHF band. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Antenna Design Methods for 5G and 6G Applications)
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