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Analytical Capabilities of Polymer-Based Electrochemical Sensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 2638

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Analytical Chemistry Department, Kazan Federal University, Kremleyevskaya, 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
Interests: electroanalytical chemistry; electrochemical sensors; chemically modified electrodes; polymer-based electrodes; coulometric organic analysis; antioxidants, plant polyphenols; colorants and dyes; food analysis; phytochemical and pharmaceutical analysis; biomedical analysis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polymer-based electrochemical sensors are an attractive tool in modern electroanalysis. The great variety of conductive and non-conductive polymers have been shown as sensitive and selective materials for the creation of novel electrochemical sensors. Various methods of polymer synthesis and immobilization on the electrode surface make it possible to obtain the best response of the target analyte in each case. Both chemical and electrochemical synthesis of polymers is of interest, although electrochemical polymerization involves minimal use of additional chemical reagents and volatile organic solvents that agree with the “green chemistry” concept. Traditional or screen-printed carbon-based electrodes with immobilized polymeric coverage coupled with appropriate electrochemical techniques are applicable in the analysis of complex samples such as foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, biological fluids, environmental samples, etc. Sensors based on molecularly imprinted polymers are also of interest due to the extra selectivity to the target analyte, making its quantification easier in the presence of structurally related compounds, which usually takes place in complex matrices.

The current Special Issue will cover state-of-the-art developments in polymer-based electrochemical sensors. Both research papers and review articles will be considered. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • Design of polymer-based electrodes, including polymer nanocomposites;
  • MIP-based electrochemical sensors for various types of analytes;
  • Analytical application of polymer-based electrochemical sensors.

Dr. Guzel Ziyatdinova
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • polymers for sensing
  • polymer composites
  • electropolymerization
  • conducting and insulating polymers
  • MIPs
  • electropolymerized dyes
  • chemically modified electrodes
  • electroanalysis
  • analytical application

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 9865 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of Polymer-Modified Copper Oxide Electrochemical Sensors: Stability and Performance Analysis
by Andrzej Baziak and Anna Kusior
Sensors 2024, 24(16), 5290; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165290 - 15 Aug 2024
Viewed by 669
Abstract
The effectiveness of copper oxide-modified electrochemical sensors using different polymers is being studied. The commercial powder was sonicated in an isopropyl alcohol solution and distilled water with 5 wt% polymers (chitosan, Nafion, PVP, HPC, α-terpineol). It was observed that the chitosan and Nafion [...] Read more.
The effectiveness of copper oxide-modified electrochemical sensors using different polymers is being studied. The commercial powder was sonicated in an isopropyl alcohol solution and distilled water with 5 wt% polymers (chitosan, Nafion, PVP, HPC, α-terpineol). It was observed that the chitosan and Nafion caused degradation of CuO, but Nafion formed a stable mixture when diluted. The modified electrodes were drop-casted and analyzed using cyclic voltammetry in 0.1 M KCl + 3 mM [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− solution to determine the electrochemically active surface area (EASA). The results showed that α-terpineol formed agglomerates, while HPC created uneven distributions, resulting in poor stability. On the other hand, Nafion and PVP formed homogeneous layers, with PVP showing the highest EASA of 0.317 cm2. In phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), HPC and PVP demonstrated stable signals. Nafion remained the most stable in various electrolytes, making it suitable for sensing applications. Testing in 0.1 M NaOH revealed HPC instability, partial dissolution of PVP, and Cu ion reduction. The type of polymer used significantly impacts the performance of CuO sensors. Nafion and PVP show the most promise due to their stability and effective dispersion of CuO. Further optimization of polymer–CuO combinations is necessary for enhanced sensor functionality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analytical Capabilities of Polymer-Based Electrochemical Sensors)
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19 pages, 3369 KiB  
Article
Impedimetric DNA Sensors for Epirubicin Detection Based on Polythionine Films Electropolymerized from Deep Eutectic Solvent
by Anastasia Goida, Alexey Rogov, Yurii Kuzin, Anna Porfireva and Gennady Evtugyn
Sensors 2023, 23(19), 8242; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23198242 - 4 Oct 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1541
Abstract
An electrochemically active polymer, polythionine (PTN), was synthesized in natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) via multiple potential scans and characterized using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). NADES consists of citric acid monohydrate, glucose, and water mixed in the molar ratio of [...] Read more.
An electrochemically active polymer, polythionine (PTN), was synthesized in natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) via multiple potential scans and characterized using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). NADES consists of citric acid monohydrate, glucose, and water mixed in the molar ratio of 1:1:6. Electrodeposited PTN film was then applied for the electrostatic accumulation of DNA from salmon sperm and used for the sensitive detection of the anticancer drug epirubicin. Its reaction with DNA resulted in regular changes in the EIS parameters that made it possible to determine 1.0–100 µM of epirubicin with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.3 µM. The DNA sensor developed was successfully applied for the detection of epirubicin in spiked samples of artificial and natural urine and saliva, with recovery ranging from 90 to 109%. The protocol of the DNA sensor assembling utilized only one drop of reactants and was performed with a minimal number of steps. Together with a simple measurement protocol requiring 100 µL of the sample, this offers good opportunities for the further use of the DNA sensor in monitoring the drug level in biological samples, which is necessary in oncology treatment and for the pharmacokinetics studies of new antitumor drugs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analytical Capabilities of Polymer-Based Electrochemical Sensors)
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