Disinformation in the Public Media in the Internet Society

A special issue of Social Sciences (ISSN 2076-0760).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 26247

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Head of Department of Audiovisual Communication and Advertising, Faculty of Communication, Campus of Pontevedra, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
Interests: disinformation; social media; government public communication
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Communication, Campus of Pontevedra, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
Interests: disinformation; digital society; government public communication; television content

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Audiovisual Communication, Faculty of Science of Communication, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Interests: advertising; digital society; disinformation; series; television content; trasnmedia

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The newsroom is no longer as it used to be. Disinformation has become a growing problem that affects the way individuals interpret daily developments. Today, fact-checking tasks are indispensable in a journalist’s work routine. Nevertheless, the amount of false information circulating in the media and the social networks has made the fight against disinformation a major issue to deal with. The internet and social media platforms have become “weaponized” to purposefully confuse, agitate and divide civil society. The massive spread of false information through social networks like TikTok, Instagram, and Twitter among others develop new formats where disinformation takes place. When people do not have access to proper and reliable information, the principles of democracy become endangered. This concern is most notably transferred to the communication and press offices, institutions, regional and local media, and entities. Furthermore, the production of content in an environment of disinformation is becoming more and more sophisticated due to technological advances such as deepfakes or Artificial Intelligence developed images that are very difficult to distinguish from the real ones. Likewise, AI such as Chat-GPT and similar, enables new automated disinformation formulas with a personalized reach that are highly persistent and scalable. The level of media literacy needed to manage not only the tools but also the results of these fact-checking tools and platforms is increasing day after day. Public service media (PSM) are called upon to lead and monitor the right to truthful information, not only because it is a public service but also due to the importance that truth has as a public value, as well as the training of journalists and society in fact-checking. The European Union is monitoring these developments and regularly publishing studies and recommendations to advise member states and civil society on how to ensure the protection of human rights, enhance Internet governance, and develop collaboration with the business sector. Disinformation in the public media and the Internet society is a complex issue that requires a multi-faceted approach to address.

Prof. Dr. José Rúas Araujo
Dr. Talia Rodríguez-Martelo
Dr. Isaac Maroto-González
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • disinformation
  • internet
  • public service media
  • tv
  • fact-checking
  • public value

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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24 pages, 4521 KiB  
Article
The Polarization Loop: How Emotions Drive Propagation of Disinformation in Online Media—The Case of Conspiracy Theories and Extreme Right Movements in Southern Europe
by Erik Bran Marino, Jesus M. Benitez-Baleato and Ana Sofia Ribeiro
Soc. Sci. 2024, 13(11), 603; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13110603 - 5 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1004
Abstract
This paper examines the influence of emotions on political polarization, looking at online propagation of conspiracy thinking by extreme right movements in Southern Europe. Integrating insights from psychology, political science, media studies, and system theory, we propose the ‘polarization loop’, a causal mechanism [...] Read more.
This paper examines the influence of emotions on political polarization, looking at online propagation of conspiracy thinking by extreme right movements in Southern Europe. Integrating insights from psychology, political science, media studies, and system theory, we propose the ‘polarization loop’, a causal mechanism explaining the cyclical relationship between extreme messages, emotional engagement, media amplification, and societal polarization. We illustrate the utility of the polarization loop observing the use of the Great Replacement Theory by extreme right movements in Italy, Portugal, and Spain. We suggest possible options to mitigate the negative effects of online polarization in democracy, including public oversight of algorithmic decission-making, involving social science and humanities in algorithmic design, and strengthening resilience of citizenship to prevent emotional overflow. We encourage interdisciplinary research where historical analysis can guide computational methods such as Natural Language Processing (NLP), using Large Language Models fine-tunned consistently with political science research. Provided the intimate nature of emotions, the focus of connected research should remain on structural patterns rather than individual behavior, making it explicit that results derived from this research cannot be applied as the base for decisions, automated or not, that may affect individuals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disinformation in the Public Media in the Internet Society)
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16 pages, 799 KiB  
Article
Investigating the Dynamics of Social Media Addiction and Well-Being in Jordan: An Empirical Analysis
by Islam Habis Mohammad Hatamleh and Rahima Aissani
Soc. Sci. 2024, 13(7), 351; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13070351 - 29 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1231
Abstract
This study examines the complex associations among social media usage, engagement, addiction and subjective well-being. Employing a sophisticated framework that integrates both first- and second-order models, this study employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze data from a sample of 510 Jordanian young [...] Read more.
This study examines the complex associations among social media usage, engagement, addiction and subjective well-being. Employing a sophisticated framework that integrates both first- and second-order models, this study employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze data from a sample of 510 Jordanian young people. The findings indicate a surprisingly positive correlation between social media usage and engagement and their effects on social media addiction and subjective well-being. Conversely, social media addiction is found to have a negative connection with subjective well-being. These insights are crucial for experts aiming to improve user experiences and increase well-being. This study contributes to the current literature by offering new perspectives on the dynamics between social media interactions and personal well-being. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disinformation in the Public Media in the Internet Society)
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24 pages, 1321 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Impact of Affect on the Perception of Fake News on Social Media: A Systematic Review
by Rana Ali Adeeb and Mahdi Mirhoseini
Soc. Sci. 2023, 12(12), 674; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12120674 - 6 Dec 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 23054
Abstract
Social media platforms, which are ripe with emotionally charged pieces of information, are vulnerable to the dissemination of vast amounts of misinformation. Little is known about the affective processing that underlies peoples’ belief in and dissemination of fake news on social media, with [...] Read more.
Social media platforms, which are ripe with emotionally charged pieces of information, are vulnerable to the dissemination of vast amounts of misinformation. Little is known about the affective processing that underlies peoples’ belief in and dissemination of fake news on social media, with the research on fake news predominantly focusing on cognitive processing aspects. This study presents a systematic review of the impact of affective constructs on the perception of fake news on social media platforms. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the SCOPUS and Web of Science databases to identify relevant articles on the topics of affect, misinformation, disinformation, and fake news. A total of 31 empirical articles were obtained and analyzed. Seven research themes and four research gaps emerged from this review. The findings of this review complement the existing literature on the cognitive mechanisms behind how people perceive fake news on social media. This can have implications for technology platforms, governments, and citizens interested in combating infodemics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disinformation in the Public Media in the Internet Society)
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