Violence, Victimization and Prevention

A special issue of Social Sciences (ISSN 2076-0760). This special issue belongs to the section "Social Policy and Welfare".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 50164

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Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Psychology Research Centre (CIPsi), University of Minho Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
Interests: domestic violence; dating violence; victims of polivictimization; youth and delinquency; gender-based violence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS), University Fernando Pessoa (UFP), Praça 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
Interests: violence and victimization; social sciences; global health; environment and human health; environmental science; sustainability; information and communication technologies (ICTs); statistics and probability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to address violence as a serious public health problem (Rossi and Talevi, 2017) that entails several new forms of victimization stimulated by contemporary societies. Violence and victimization cross different cultures and different systems (e.g., individual, family, school, social) and subsystems (e.g., marital, parental, peers, dating), impacting different areas, such as health (physical and mental), criminal justice, and social wellbeing, and may undermine social development (WHO, 2014; Seth and Peshevska, 2014). Experiencing violence is a major risk factor for the development of lifelong health and social problems (Rossi and Talevi, 2017). Violence is a complex, multifaceted, and multidetermined phenomenon (Dahlberg and Krug, 2006) that on a daily basis victimizes the lives of many children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly, requiring continuous effort to achieve an adequate understanding of how it is carried out and how to minimize it and prevent it (Hamby, 2017). The articles in this Special Edition should address the different types of violence and new forms of victimization present in the various systems and subsystems above identified, as well as the prevention practices developed to mitigate their impact and implications in individual and social terms. Papers related with practical implications for clinical and institutional support to victims of violence are also welcome. Submitted papers should be based on rigorous, high-quality quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods research, intersectional and comparative analyses, contributing to new insights and developments into the topics addressed. Papers based on research with under-represented, minoritized or marginalized groups, or specific social contexts are particularly encouraged.

References

Dahlberg, L., & Krug, E. (2006). Violence a global public health problem. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 11(2), 277-292.https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232006000200007 

Hamby, S. (2017). On defining violence, and why it matters. Psychology of Violence, 7(2), 167-180. http://doi.org/10.1037/vio0000117

Rossi, A., & Talevi, D. (2017). Interpersonal violence and mental illness. Journal of Psychopathology, 23, 49-51.

Seth, D., & Peshevska, D. J. (2014). Preventing interpersonal violence in Europe. Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2(2), 350-352. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2014.060

World Health Organization (WHO). (2014). Global status report on violence prevention. World Health Organization.

Other important references

Ameral, V., Palm Reed, K. M., & Hines, D. A. (2017). An analysis of help-seeking patterns among college students victims of sexual assault, dating violence, and stalking. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260517721169

Caridade, S. (2019). Dating violence in schools: Preventing and responding through the perspective of educational professionals. In W. Spencer (Ed.), Dating Violence: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Perspectives (pp. 25-40). New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

Caridade, S., Braga, T., & Borrajo, E. (2019). Cyber dating abuse: Evidence from a systematic review. Journal of Aggression and Violent Behavior, 48, 152-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2019.08.018

Caridade, S., Pinheiro, I., & Dinis, A. (2019). Disclosure in victims of dating violence: Strategies and reasons for help-seeking. In W. Spencer (Ed.), Dating violence: Prevalence, risk Factors and perspectives (pp. 85-106). New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

Chu, D. C., & Sun, I. Y. (2014). Reactive versus proactive attitudes toward domestic violence: A comparison of Taiwanese male and female police officers. Crime and Delinquency, 60(2), 216-237. http://doi.org/10.1177/0011128710372192  

De La Rue, L., Polanin, J., Espelage, D., & Pigott, T. (2017). A meta-analysis of school-based interventions aimed to prevent or reduce violence in teen dating relationships. Review of Educational Research, 87(1), 7-34. http://doi.org/10.3102/0034654316632061   

Delara, M. (2016). Mental health consequences and risk factors of physical intimate partner violence. Mental Health in Family Medicine, 12, 119-125. Retrieved from http://www.mhfmjournal.com/pdf/mental-health-consequences-and-risk-factors-of-physical-intimate-partner-violence.pdf  

Hagemann-White, C. (2017). Responses to domestic violence in Germany in a European context. In E. S. Buzawa & C. G. Buzawa (Eds.), Global responses to domestic violence (pp. 87-105). Cham, Switzerland: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56721-1_5  

Khubchandani, J., Clark, J., Wiblishause, M. et al. (2017). Preventing and responding to teen dating violence: A national study of school principals' perspectives and practices. Violence and Gender, 4(4), 144-151.  https://doi.org/10.1089/vio.2017.0043

Lamoreaux, D., & Sulkowski, M. L. (2019). An alternative to fortified schools: Using crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) to balance student safety and psychological well‐being. Psychology in the Schools, 1-14. http://doi.org/10.1002/pits.22301  

Palermo, T., Bleck, J., & Peterman, A. (2013). Tip of the iceberg: Reporting and gender-based violence in developing countries. American Journal of Epidemiology, 179(5), 602-612. http://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwt295 

Park, S., & Kim, S. (2018). The power of family and community factors in predicting dating violence: A meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 40, 19-28.  http://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2018.03.002  

Santos, A. & Caridade. S. (2017). Violence in intimate relationship between same- sex partners: prevalence study. Trends in Psychology, 25(3), 1357-1371.  http://doi.org/10.9788/tp2017.3-19pt

Sigurdsson, E. L. (2019). Domestic violence-are we up to the task? Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, Online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/02813432.2019.1608638

Smith, K., Cénat, J. M., Lapierre, L., Dion, J., & Hébert, M. (2018). Cyber dating violence: Prevalence and correlates among high school students from small urban areas in Quebec. Journal of Affective Disorders, 234, 220–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.043

Prof. Dr. Sónia Maria Martins Caridade
Prof. Dr. Maria Alzira Pimenta Dinis
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • child abuse
  • dating violence
  • domestic violence
  • early prevention
  • elderly abuse
  • exposure to interparental violence
  • family violence
  • gender-based violence
  • interpersonal violence
  • intimate partner violence (IPV)
  • marital violence
  • multicultural intervention
  • multiple victimization
  • polyvictimization
  • primary prevention
  • psychoeducational intervention
  • school violence
  • secondary prevention
  • secondary victimization
  • singular victimization
  • tertiary prevention
  • violence and information and communication technologies (ICT’s)
  • violence awareness
  • violence prevention practices
  • youth violence

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Published Papers (15 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 203 KiB  
Editorial
Editor’s Introduction: Violence, Victimization and Prevention
by Sónia Maria Martins Caridade and Maria Alzira Pimenta Dinis
Soc. Sci. 2024, 13(3), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13030158 - 8 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1170
Abstract
Violence is a complex, multifaceted, and multi-determined phenomenon (Dahlberg and Krug 2006) that victimizes the lives of many children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly on a daily basis [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)

Research

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22 pages, 1376 KiB  
Article
Paramilitary Conflict in Colombia: A Case Study of Economic Causes of Conflict Recidivism
by William Orlando Prieto Bustos and Johanna Manrique-Hernandez
Soc. Sci. 2024, 13(2), 112; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13020112 - 9 Feb 2024
Viewed by 2215
Abstract
Following the peace accord on 26 September 2016 between the Colombian government and the Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARC), significant structural issues persisted in Colombia, such as state fragility, land distribution challenges, and rural impoverishment, all of which jeopardized sustainable peace. Previous disarmament [...] Read more.
Following the peace accord on 26 September 2016 between the Colombian government and the Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARC), significant structural issues persisted in Colombia, such as state fragility, land distribution challenges, and rural impoverishment, all of which jeopardized sustainable peace. Previous disarmament events indicated potential shifts in violence and recidivism rates among ex-combatants. This paper aims to determine the likelihood that, in the post-conflict era with FARC, these ex-combatants would rearm themselves into new criminal factions. Employing a methodology by Paul Collier, the study utilized logit, probit, and panel data models with both fixed and random effects to evaluate the recidivism risk at the municipal level. A 1% increase in per capita municipal income decreased conflict probability due to the increased opportunity cost of disrupting economic endeavors. Conversely, 1% increases in potential conflict benefits from tax revenue and natural resource proceeds raised the probability of conflict by 40% and 17%, respectively. Key results indicate that economic advancement, as measured by per capita income, reduced the duration of paramilitary presence, whereas revenue from taxes and natural resources extended it at the municipal level in Colombia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
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16 pages, 279 KiB  
Article
“You Don’t Want to Be Perceived as Wild and Unruly”: How Ethnic Minority Women Experience and Negotiate Their Autonomy within Honor-Related Contexts
by Menal Ahmad
Soc. Sci. 2023, 12(10), 575; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12100575 - 16 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1877
Abstract
Within honor-related contexts, women’s appearances, actions, and life choices are closely tied to the honor of the entire family. As a result, women who opt to deviate from prevailing feminine honor codes are subject to violence as a means of restoring the family’s [...] Read more.
Within honor-related contexts, women’s appearances, actions, and life choices are closely tied to the honor of the entire family. As a result, women who opt to deviate from prevailing feminine honor codes are subject to violence as a means of restoring the family’s good name. Based on the life stories of fourteen Dutch ethnic minority women who deviated from feminine honor codes, this study investigates how women experience their autonomy as a process within their social context. Rather than analyzing this process through a binary conception of autonomy (i.e., agency/coercion), this study highlights women’s experiences through a relational approach to autonomy. In doing so, this study uncovers three overarching themes: (1) honor codes are enforced implicitly through expectations surrounding the role of “the honorable daughter/wife”, and explicitly through a shared religious and/or ethnic identity, (2) women detach themselves from honor codes either by strategically renegotiating honor codes or after experiencing a turning point that triggers an immediate process towards detachment from honor codes, and (3) women’s decision-making processes are accompanied with health concerns caused by lingering guilt, social shame, and isolation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
13 pages, 286 KiB  
Article
Exploring Responses to Community Violence Trauma Using a Neighborhood Network of Programs
by Erika Gebo and Brianna Franklin
Soc. Sci. 2023, 12(9), 518; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12090518 - 19 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1949
Abstract
Responses to community violence should include interventions not just for those who are offenders but also for those who are victims of the violence and community members who are affected by the violence. In this study, one city’s public health response to victims [...] Read more.
Responses to community violence should include interventions not just for those who are offenders but also for those who are victims of the violence and community members who are affected by the violence. In this study, one city’s public health response to victims of community violence using a neighborhood trauma team network (NTTN) is explored. Neighborhood trauma teams provide victims and their families with psychological first aid, logistical guidance, and referral to long-term therapeutic services. These teams also provide referral and community meeting support for community residents exposed to violence. To better understand program operations and identify the strengths and challenges of this response model, semi-structured interviews with lead program staff were used as well as a review of program documents. The results show that the NTTN has a clear purpose in meeting immediate client needs, but ambiguity exists in the network’s role in community healing and in community violence prevention. The NTTN response is mapped onto a social–ecological framework of violence prevention to contextualize this community-based public health response in the broader public health–criminal justice setting in which it operates. Implications for NTTN function and coordination are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
13 pages, 453 KiB  
Article
Stifled Screams: Experiences of Survivors of Sexual Harassment in First-Generation Universities in Southwestern Nigeria
by Boladale M. Mapayi, Ibidunni O. Oloniniyi, Olakunle A. Oginni, Onyedikachi J. Opara, Kehinde J. Olukokun, Abigail Harrison and Morenike O. Folayan
Soc. Sci. 2023, 12(7), 401; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12070401 - 10 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2337
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of survivors of sexual harassment, as well as reportage factors and outcomes, psychosocial sequelae, and how survivors coped in first-generation higher-education institutions in Southwestern Nigeria. A qualitative exploration of the experience of [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of survivors of sexual harassment, as well as reportage factors and outcomes, psychosocial sequelae, and how survivors coped in first-generation higher-education institutions in Southwestern Nigeria. A qualitative exploration of the experience of 12 (11 females and 1 male) participants using in-depth interviews was conducted. The findings were grouped into four broad themes, namely: (i) experience of sexual harassment, (ii) reporting patterns, (iii) coping strategies, and (iv) the physical and emotional impact of sexual harassment. Most survivors had experienced sexual harassment multiple times and same-sex harassment occurs in higher-education institutions. Survivors did not report to university authorities because of the perception that the support from the environment was poor. Many shared information with their support networks or visited a psychologist for mental health care. Others used maladaptive coping mechanisms such as increased alcohol consumption. Mental health symptoms ranged from mild to severe. Institutes of higher education need to take decisive actions to improve the environment and to promote the prompt reporting of sexual harassment by survivors; they must also provide access to support to prevent the development of mental health problems, which are a common post-event occurrence, as identified in the present study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
14 pages, 2020 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Location and Spatial Distribution of Elderly Women Victims of Gender Violence
by Carlos Ferrás, María José Ginzo Villamayor and Yolanda García
Soc. Sci. 2023, 12(2), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12020072 - 30 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1607
Abstract
Little is known about abuse and violence against elderly women, as well as prevention and intervention strategies. We present the results of an investigation that has as its objective the elaboration of the Location Map of elderly women victims of gender violence, analyzing [...] Read more.
Little is known about abuse and violence against elderly women, as well as prevention and intervention strategies. We present the results of an investigation that has as its objective the elaboration of the Location Map of elderly women victims of gender violence, analyzing their territorial distribution in the specific case of the Autonomous Community of Galicia, Spain, and its relationship with environmental, social, and territorial variables. The results of our research on the location and distribution of the rates of elderly women victims of gender violence show its direct relationship with low demographic density, aging, and dependency, which is associated with disabled people. The mapping resulting can facilitate the territorial planning of social and health services aimed at elderly women in rural areas. The interquartile classification makes it possible to delimit areas of intervention at a spatial level, differentiating those municipalities with the highest and lowest prevalence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
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11 pages, 321 KiB  
Article
Predicting Frequent and Feared Crime Typologies: Individual and Social/Environmental Variables, and Incivilities
by Sónia Caridade, Mariana Magalhães, Vanessa Azevedo, Maria Alzira Pimenta Dinis, Rui Leandro Maia, Rui Estrada, Ana Isabel Sani and Laura M. Nunes
Soc. Sci. 2022, 11(3), 126; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11030126 - 14 Mar 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3001
Abstract
The lack of organisation in urban spaces plays a decisive role in the level of integration, communication and social bonds of the residents, impacting the citizens’ feelings of trust and security. Different personal variables and contextual characteristics have been associated with the fear [...] Read more.
The lack of organisation in urban spaces plays a decisive role in the level of integration, communication and social bonds of the residents, impacting the citizens’ feelings of trust and security. Different personal variables and contextual characteristics have been associated with the fear of crime (FOC). The main objective of this study is to analyse how individual and social/environmental variables, and incivilities, predict crime against people and property, crime that has either happened or is feared to happen. Five hundred and fifty-four residents (M = 43.82; SD = 18.38) in the Historic Centre of Porto (HCP), Portugal, answered 61 items of the Diagnosis of Local Security (DLS) Questionnaire. The results of this study show that in the most frequent crime category, 72% of occurrences represent crime against property. In the feared crime category, there is a preponderance of crime against people (61%). Age of the respondents predicted the most frequent and feared crime, while sex predicted the most feared crime only. Social/environmental variables, as well as incivilities, also predict the frequent and feared crime in two typologies, i.e., crime against people and crime against property. Practical implications to reduce FOC and areas for further investigation are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
16 pages, 1932 KiB  
Article
Reconstruction of Historical Memory: A Methodological Approach to Uncover the Reasons of the Armed Uprising in the Montes de María, Colombia
by Jesús G. Banquez-Mendoza, Marina B. Martínez-González, José Amar-Amar and Laura V. López-Muñoz
Soc. Sci. 2022, 11(3), 103; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11030103 - 1 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3142
Abstract
This work aims to reconstruct the historical memory of the armed conflict in the Montes de María coastline, province of Sucre, Colombia, in a moment of military confrontations and responses of defenseless civilians to the repertoire of violence caused by armed groups—specifically against [...] Read more.
This work aims to reconstruct the historical memory of the armed conflict in the Montes de María coastline, province of Sucre, Colombia, in a moment of military confrontations and responses of defenseless civilians to the repertoire of violence caused by armed groups—specifically against the Unión Camilista–Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN), the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP), and the paramilitary groups present in the Gulf of Morrosquillo. The objective of this study was to determine the reasons that led the community of Libertad to rise in arms and repel the abuses of armed groups by testing two hypotheses: (1) the frequency of victimizing acts consisting of sexual violence against the women of the Libertad village provoked the community to take up arms; (2) the presence of social agents, here called provocateurs of the community response, motivated the community’s social cohesion and armed uprising. The research is developed using a qualitative methodology with a narrative approach that involved a sample of 49 informants, including two focus groups. We provide empirical findings which are pivotal to understanding the reasons why defenseless civilians made the decision to defend themselves with arms against illegal armed groups that invaded their territory and harassed their communities, especially when dealing with an ethnic minority such as Afro-descendants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
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14 pages, 1007 KiB  
Article
Sexual Assault Myths Acceptance in University Campus: Construction and Validation of a Scale
by Irantzu Recalde-Esnoz, Héctor Del Castillo and Gemma Montalvo
Soc. Sci. 2021, 10(12), 462; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10120462 - 3 Dec 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4581
Abstract
The study related to the myths of rape has been carried out since the 1980s at different scales. However, the interaction between the acceptance of these rape myths (myths related to sexual abuse) and the nightlife scene—where alcohol consumption becomes the epicenter of [...] Read more.
The study related to the myths of rape has been carried out since the 1980s at different scales. However, the interaction between the acceptance of these rape myths (myths related to sexual abuse) and the nightlife scene—where alcohol consumption becomes the epicenter of this particular context—has not been specifically evaluated. In this work, a questionnaire has been developed considering different scales. It has been tested online in a population of 367 first-year undergraduate students at the University of Alcalá (Spain). The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, as well as the reliability ones, indicate the adequacy of the scale construction and validation process for the university student population. In addition, the results obtained, in line with the specialized literature, indicate that the consumption of alcohol and other drugs appear as justifying elements of sexual violence, exonerating the aggressors and perpetrating the victim. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
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13 pages, 750 KiB  
Article
Psychological and Gender Differences in a Simulated Cheating Coercion Situation at School
by Marina Begoña Martínez-González, Claudia Patricia Arenas-Rivera, Aura Alicia Cardozo-Rusinque, Aldair Ricardo Morales-Cuadro, Mónica Acuña-Rodríguez, Yamile Turizo-Palencia and Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
Soc. Sci. 2021, 10(7), 265; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10070265 - 9 Jul 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4298
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze gender, anxiety, and psychological inflexibility differences of high school students’ behaviors in a simulated situation of peer coercion into academic cheating. Method: A total of 1147 volunteer adolescents participated, (Men: N = 479; Mage = 16.3; Women: N [...] Read more.
This study aimed to analyze gender, anxiety, and psychological inflexibility differences of high school students’ behaviors in a simulated situation of peer coercion into academic cheating. Method: A total of 1147 volunteer adolescents participated, (Men: N = 479; Mage = 16.3; Women: N = 668; Mage = 16.2). The participants saw 15 s animated online video presenting peer coercion into an academic cheating situation, including a questionnaire about their reactions to face the situation. They also answered the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory for children and adolescents and the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y). Gender was associated with the behaviors facing the situation. Higher state anxiety and inflexibility were present in those participants that avoided aggressive behaviors facing the situation; on the other hand, trait anxiety was present in those who reacted aggressively. Finally, higher anxiety and inflexibility were associated with the used moral disengagement mechanisms, but also with peers’ perception as sanctioning or being against the participants’ decision. The most aggressive students were more flexible and less stressed than those who tried to solve assertively. Expectations about peers seem to be relevant to the decision-making facing moral dilemmas and peer victimization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
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13 pages, 315 KiB  
Article
Strategies for Territorial Peace: The Overcoming of the Structural Violence in Women Living in Palmira, Colombia
by Karen Quiñones, Paris A. Cabello-Tijerina, Máximo Vicuña de la Rosa and Wilfrido Newton Quiñones Londoño
Soc. Sci. 2020, 9(11), 211; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci9110211 - 18 Nov 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3226
Abstract
Women experience different types of violence, and poverty is one of them. The aim of this work was to show the situation of poverty experienced by women in Palmira and how this condition affects both their participation in and contribution to the achievement [...] Read more.
Women experience different types of violence, and poverty is one of them. The aim of this work was to show the situation of poverty experienced by women in Palmira and how this condition affects both their participation in and contribution to the achievement of territorial peace—a central political target in our country. For this, a descriptive and predictive study was carried out by applying a survey to measure the different types of violence affecting Palmirana women. The results demonstrate the predominance of structural violence suffered by women, which creates unfavorable conditions for the construction of peace in Colombia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)

Review

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22 pages, 706 KiB  
Review
A Scoping Review of Educational Interventions to Increase Prosociality against Gender-Based Violence in University Bystanders
by Maria Villalonga-Aragón, Manuel Martí-Vilar, César Merino-Soto and Lizley Tantalean-Terrones
Soc. Sci. 2023, 12(7), 406; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12070406 - 13 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2667
Abstract
Gender-based violence represents a problem of public interest with a high prevalence on university campuses, which has intensified the preventive strategy for potential victims. However, the prosocial action of the viewer provides a promising alternative to mitigate its incidence. This study analyzes preventive [...] Read more.
Gender-based violence represents a problem of public interest with a high prevalence on university campuses, which has intensified the preventive strategy for potential victims. However, the prosocial action of the viewer provides a promising alternative to mitigate its incidence. This study analyzes preventive interventions based on gender-based violence towards university viewers as a basis for future proven and sensitive implementation processes of intercultural adaptation. The Scoping review process was implemented based on the Arksey and O’Malley methodology (aligned with the Cochrane manual), with subsequent reporting of results according to the PRISMA guide. In total, 15 articles finally met the selection criteria in the databases: WOS, Scopus, ERIC, PsycINFO, Embase, and PubMed, with specific descriptors. Despite the heterogeneity in the types of intervention and the study variables, the intervention and the results are described, and it is highlighted that they were effective for most of the proposed objectives, such as the decrease in the perpetration of sexual violence, the increase in prosocial behavior, and the recognition of forms of violence. The great value of these preventive interventions is concluded, and the diversity of these strategies implemented in parallel and continuously would have a lasting impact in higher education contexts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
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17 pages, 364 KiB  
Review
Cyber–Information Security Compliance and Violation Behaviour in Organisations: A Systematic Review
by Noor Suhani Sulaiman, Muhammad Ashraf Fauzi, Walton Wider, Jegatheesan Rajadurai, Suhaidah Hussain and Siti Aminah Harun
Soc. Sci. 2022, 11(9), 386; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11090386 - 29 Aug 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 6579
Abstract
Cyber and information security (CIS) is an issue of national and international interest. Despite sophisticated security systems and extensive physical countermeasures to combat cyber-attacks, organisations are vulnerable due to the involvement of the human factor. Humans are regarded as the weakest link in [...] Read more.
Cyber and information security (CIS) is an issue of national and international interest. Despite sophisticated security systems and extensive physical countermeasures to combat cyber-attacks, organisations are vulnerable due to the involvement of the human factor. Humans are regarded as the weakest link in cybersecurity systems as development in digital technology advances. The area of cybersecurity is an extension of the previously studied fields of information and internet security. The need to understand the underlying human behavioural factors associated with CIS policy warrants further study, mainly from theoretical perspectives. Based on these underlying theoretical perspectives, this study reviews literature focusing on CIS compliance and violations by personnel within organisations. Sixty studies from the years 2008 to 2020 were reviewed. Findings suggest that several prominent theories were used extensively and integrated with another specific theory. Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), and General Deterrence Theory (GDT) were identified as among the most referred-to theories in this area. The use of current theories is discussed based on their emerging importance and their suitability in future CIS studies. This review lays the foundation for future researchers by determining gaps and areas within the CIS context and encompassing employee compliance and violations within an organisation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
16 pages, 561 KiB  
Review
Mapping the Cyber Interpersonal Violence among Young Populations: A Scoping Review
by Bárbara Machado, Sónia Caridade, Isabel Araújo and Paula Lobato Faria
Soc. Sci. 2022, 11(5), 207; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11050207 - 10 May 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4391
Abstract
The increase in digital practices and networking has introduced important changes to social interactions. The extensive use of technology among young people has allowed for cyber communication, which has numerous benefits but can also trigger violence in relationships. Interpersonal violence affecting young people [...] Read more.
The increase in digital practices and networking has introduced important changes to social interactions. The extensive use of technology among young people has allowed for cyber communication, which has numerous benefits but can also trigger violence in relationships. Interpersonal violence affecting young people is becoming more widely recognized as a public health issue. The aim of this scoping review is to map and systematize the published academic literature on Cyber Interpersonal Violence (CIV) amongst young people, following the methodological approach proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. Five databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Science Direct and Social Sciences Citation Index. Eighteen studies in English, Portuguese, Spanish and French, published from 2004 onwards, were included. Three main areas arose in the CIV: cyber dating abuse, cyberbullying and cyber-harassment. Investing in prevention is the key to preventing cyber violence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
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16 pages, 1973 KiB  
Review
Dating Violence: A Bibliometric Review of the Literature in Web of Science and Scopus
by Nazaret Martínez-Heredia, Gracia González-Gijón, Andrés Soriano Díaz and Ana Amaro Agudo
Soc. Sci. 2021, 10(11), 445; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10110445 - 22 Nov 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3551
Abstract
This study has the general purpose of improving the understanding and description of the field of violence in young couple relationships by means of a bibliometric analysis. A descriptive and transversal-retrospective methodology is used, the objective of which is to describe in a [...] Read more.
This study has the general purpose of improving the understanding and description of the field of violence in young couple relationships by means of a bibliometric analysis. A descriptive and transversal-retrospective methodology is used, the objective of which is to describe in a quantitative way the information obtained from the production of 842 references registered in the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The results show that during 2017 and 2018, the majority of publications were concentrated, highlighting that the United States is the country with the highest amount of scientific production on violence in intimate relationships. It is important to highlight that more and more countries are investigating this subject, highlighting an increase in production from 2015 onwards. The violence that occurs in the relationships of young couples is a global social and health problem that requires research to be able to deepen its knowledge and in the prevention of this social scourge. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Violence, Victimization and Prevention)
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