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Sustainable Energy Transformations and Storage Plants

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Engineering and Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 January 2020) | Viewed by 8675

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
DISAT, Department of Applied Science and Technologies, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
Interests: energy sustainability; bioenergy production; gasification; advanced fermentation; anaerobic digestion; modeling of complex systems; fuzzy modeling
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Guest Editor
1. DISAT, Department of Applied Science and Technologies, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
2. EMPA Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
Interests: systems ecology; water-energy-food-waste nexus; sustainability analyses/assessments; biophysics; bioenergy; biotechnology; fermentation; fuels; biofuels and synthetic fuels
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The rising awareness of sustainable development has promoted the evolution of different sustainability theories over the past six decades. However, it is clear that sustainable development could not be achieved without a thorough modification of manufacturing processes, which in turn requires a strong multidisciplinary approach. Equally important as the sustainability of the industrial processes and production of materials are the sustainable transformation, storage and transport of energy, which is closely related to the use and incorporation into our modern society of technologies that make rational use of renewable sources. In fact, the use of renewable resources has contributed significantly to the sustainability of our planet, also reaffirming the necessity of constructing circular economic models and fulfilling the pillars of sustainable development. Nevertheless, the renewable energy and materials studies associated with the use and harmonization of actual consolidated processes have received growing attention from researchers, but only some specific examples are today recognized in the industrial field. The next major step forward should be the dissemination of rational sustainable approaches, criteria and heuristics in industries, in order to generate large-scale impacts, which is important from the technical point of view. Sustainability should be addressed as a permanent ongoing inquiry, which implies that sustainability is only a short- or medium-term provisional goal. Hence, the collection of actions that are taken to achieve this goal is important not just in terms of furthering the goal, but also to inform, calibrate and re-interpret the goal itself. It is a process of learning-by-doing in which actions and testing are shaped by the goals and the goals are revisited in the light of experience. Since firms and industries play a fundamental role in the transition towards a more sustainable society, it is necessary to develop theoretical and practical tools to compare, score and evaluate different technologies and materials, even for the cases in a state of infancy or under development, to evaluate the best options. This Special Issue focuses on the evaluation of sustainability criteria applied to cutting-edge developments as well as modifications of current industrial production processes, as suggested above. Theoretical and experimental analyses are welcome, since theories play a relevant role in human inquiry, helping to understand, explain, describe, and predict observed phenomena. This Special Issue also aims to present test results and successful applications on different scales, from laboratory to corporate environments, comprehending renewable energy studies, sustainable materials production, use and revalorisation, efficiency evaluation, performance and lifetime, cost-effectiveness evaluation, and impact assessment, among other relevant topics.

Prof. Bernardo Ruggeri
Dr. Carlos Enrique Gomez Camacho
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Sustainability Criteria
  • Renewable Sources
  • Technology Modification
  • Smart Materials
  • Sustainable Biomass
  • Biorefinery
  • Storage Plants
  • Circular Economy
  • Industrial Sustainability
  • Environmental Performances Evaluation
  • Cost analysis

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 2143 KiB  
Article
Energy Sustainability Analysis (ESA) of Energy-Producing Processes: A Case Study on Distributed H2 Production
by Carlos E. Gómez-Camacho and Bernardo Ruggeri
Sustainability 2019, 11(18), 4911; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11184911 - 9 Sep 2019
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 4834
Abstract
In the sustainability context, the performance of energy-producing technologies, using different energy sources, needs to be scored and compared. The selective criterion of a higher level of useful energy to feed an ever-increasing demand of energy to satisfy a wide range of endo- [...] Read more.
In the sustainability context, the performance of energy-producing technologies, using different energy sources, needs to be scored and compared. The selective criterion of a higher level of useful energy to feed an ever-increasing demand of energy to satisfy a wide range of endo- and exosomatic human needs seems adequate. In fact, surplus energy is able to cover energy services only after compensating for the energy expenses incurred to build and to run the technology itself. This paper proposes an energy sustainability analysis (ESA) methodology based on the internal and external energy use of a given technology, considering the entire energy trajectory from energy sources to useful energy. ESA analysis is conducted at two levels: (i) short-term, by the use of the energy sustainability index (ESI), which is the first step to establish whether the energy produced is able to cover the direct energy expenses needed to run the technology and (ii) long-term, by which all the indirect energy-quotas are considered, i.e., all the additional energy requirements of the technology, including the energy amortization quota necessary for the replacement of the technology at the end of its operative life. The long-term level of analysis is conducted by the evaluation of two indicators: the energy return per unit of energy invested (EROI) over the operative life and the energy payback-time (EPT), as the minimum lapse at which all energy expenditures for the production of materials and their construction can be repaid to society. The ESA methodology has been applied to the case study of H2 production at small-scale (10–15 kWH2) comparing three different technologies: (i) steam-methane reforming (SMR), (ii) solar-powered water electrolysis (SPWE), and (iii) two-stage anaerobic digestion (TSAD) in order to score the technologies from an energy sustainability perspective. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Energy Transformations and Storage Plants)
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16 pages, 4946 KiB  
Article
Performance Evaluation of Root Zone Heating System Developed with Sustainable Materials for Application in Low Temperatures
by Muhammad Ameen, Wang Xiaochan, Muhammad Yaseen, Muhammad Umair, Khurram Yousaf, Zhenjie Yang and Skakeel Ahmed Soomro
Sustainability 2018, 10(11), 4130; https://doi.org/10.3390/su10114130 - 10 Nov 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3352
Abstract
The proposed system was developed to help the farmers of the Yangtze River Delta to grow greenhouse plants over winter, as the region has very low winter temperatures. For this reason, the experiment was undertaken during winter in extremely low temperatures to obtain [...] Read more.
The proposed system was developed to help the farmers of the Yangtze River Delta to grow greenhouse plants over winter, as the region has very low winter temperatures. For this reason, the experiment was undertaken during winter in extremely low temperatures to obtain optimal results. Keeping in mind the importance of sustainable practices, the authors developed the system using sustainable materials. The system was heated for 6 hours and then the hourly heat transfer rates were measured for 12 hours. The power consumption data of the heating system during different ambient temperatures were collected. Additionally, a simulation model of the heating system was developed using the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3a package. The heat transfer in a porous media model was used in this study. Finally, the simulation results obtained from the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3a package were analyzed and compared to the experimental results; these results were found to be in good agreement, thus authenticating the simulation model. After analyzing the data obtained from both methods, the power consumption of the heating system during different ambient temperature conditions were also calculated, which ranged from 15.73 W to 70.02 W in the simulated method and 28.2 W to 91.2 W in the experimental method. It was found that the root zone temperature remained in the range of 0–35 °C. This range of root zone temperature is suitable for many greenhouse horticultural crops such as tomato, cucumber, pepper, strawberry, lettuce, etc. The optimal root zone temperatures of many greenhouse horticultural plants are verified by many researchers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Energy Transformations and Storage Plants)
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