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Eco-Friendly Recycling of Solid Waste into Construction Materials
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Eco-Friendly Recycling of Solid Waste into Construction Materials

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 10935

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Shaopeng Wu

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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: asphalt based road construction materials; pavement structure design; solid waste utilization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Qunshan Ye

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
Interests: new road materials and structures; asphalt and asphalt mixtures
Dr. Jun Xie

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology (WUT), Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: recycling of solid wastes in asphalt pavement; functional road materials for maintenance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Albert Lau

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Interests: railway engineering; switches and crossings; optimization; railway construction; railway design; condition monitoring
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Solid wastes are a rising concern due to their huge production scale and potential toxicity to the environment. Dumping and landfilling are no longer encouraged and are gradually becoming prohibited across the globe. Regarding their negative environmental impact and the valuable components available, eco-friendly transformation into construction materials is a cost-effective approach to the utilization of wastes. This approach is possible because waste, appropriately prepared, can be used as auxiliary material along with materials from natural resources in construction projects, possibly showing better performance than materials currently used. The associated research achievements and innovative technologies are becoming increasingly important and attractive for researchers and practitioners in the metallurgical, environmental protection, and construction industries.

This Special Issue welcomes articles delivering new findings and innovative technologies achieving the eco-friendly transformation of waste into construction materials, working towards environmental sustainability. We welcome original research and review articles with a clear applied focus in these areas.

Prof. Dr. Shaopeng Wu
Dr. Qunshan Ye
Dr. Jun Xie
Dr. Albert Lau
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metallurgical solid waste
  • construction and demolition waste
  • crumb-rubber-modified asphalt
  • high-performance construction materials
  • assessment of environmental impact
  • railway construction

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 6021 KiB  
Article
Study on Physical Properties, Rheological Properties, and Self-Healing Properties of Epoxy Resin Modified Asphalt
by Jiasheng Li, Yaoyang Zhu and Jianying Yu
Sustainability 2023, 15(8), 6889; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086889 - 19 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1642
Abstract
To investigate the effects of epoxy resin at low content on the physical properties, rheological properties, and self-healing properties of asphalt, epoxy asphalts with epoxy resin contents of 2%, 5%, 10%, and 20% were prepared. The distribution of epoxy asphalt (EA) in epoxy [...] Read more.
To investigate the effects of epoxy resin at low content on the physical properties, rheological properties, and self-healing properties of asphalt, epoxy asphalts with epoxy resin contents of 2%, 5%, 10%, and 20% were prepared. The distribution of epoxy asphalt (EA) in epoxy resin (ER) was quantitatively studied by fluorescence microscopy (FM) to investigate the feasibility of the preparation process. The glass transition temperature of epoxy asphalt was quantitatively analyzed by the differential thermal analyzer (DSC). The physical properties of epoxy asphalt were characterized by penetration test, ductility test, and softening point test. The rheological properties of epoxy asphalt were analyzed by the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) to evaluate the self-healing properties of epoxy asphalt. The results show that the epoxy resin could be uniformly distributed in the asphalt, as verified by fluorescence microscopy (FM). With the increase in epoxy resin content, the glass transition temperature of epoxy asphalt gradually decreases, and the epoxy asphalt with 20% content shows the lowest glass transition temperature. At the same time, epoxy resin gives asphalt a higher modulus and high temperature performance, and the penetration and softening point of epoxy asphalt has also been greatly improved. On the contrary, the three-dimensional cross-linked grid structure, which is formed by epoxy resin and curing agent, reduces the rheological properties of epoxy asphalt and increases the elastic components of epoxy asphalt. Although the maltenes diagram still exhibits typical viscoelastic characteristic, the flow behavior index and flow activation energy of epoxy asphalt decreased. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eco-Friendly Recycling of Solid Waste into Construction Materials)
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18 pages, 6446 KiB  
Article
Strength, Durability, and Microstructure of Foamed Concrete Prepared Using Special Soil and Slag
by Xinkui Yang, Shi Xu, Zenggang Zhao and Yang Lv
Sustainability 2022, 14(22), 14952; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142214952 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1927
Abstract
Foamed concrete (FC) is a lightweight building material widely used in thermal insulation walls, backfill, and other fields. Generally, foamed concrete is prepared using cement, which consumes a lot energy and resources. In this study, three kinds of special soil (SS) and slag [...] Read more.
Foamed concrete (FC) is a lightweight building material widely used in thermal insulation walls, backfill, and other fields. Generally, foamed concrete is prepared using cement, which consumes a lot energy and resources. In this study, three kinds of special soil (SS) and slag powder (SP) were used to prepare foamed concrete. The content of SS was 25%, and the content of SP was 35%, 45%, and 55%. The mechanical properties, durability properties, and microstructure of special soil-slag foamed concrete (SSFC) were studied. With the increase in SP content, the water absorption and drying shrinkage of SSFC increased and the compressive strength of SSFC decreased. The water stability coefficients of SSFC were all higher than 0.7, which met the requirements of engineering applications. The porosity and the average diameter of pores of SSFC increased with the increase in SP content. The porosity of SSFC was less than 46% when the replacement percentage of SP was less than 35%. The successful application of SS and SP in foamed concrete provides an effective approach to waste utilization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eco-Friendly Recycling of Solid Waste into Construction Materials)
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18 pages, 6784 KiB  
Article
Laboratory Preparation and Performance Characterization of Steel Slag Ultrafine Powder Used in Cement-Based Materials
by Yuanhang Sun, Meizhu Chen, Dongyu Chen, Shaoyan Liu, Xintao Zhang and Shaopeng Wu
Sustainability 2022, 14(22), 14951; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142214951 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2141
Abstract
Steel slag is generally regarded as a supplementary cementitious material in cement-based materials, which is conducive to the realization of the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization. However, the lower cementitious activity and poorer volume stability of steel slag limit its high [...] Read more.
Steel slag is generally regarded as a supplementary cementitious material in cement-based materials, which is conducive to the realization of the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization. However, the lower cementitious activity and poorer volume stability of steel slag limit its high dosage in cement-based materials. In this paper, steel slag ultrafine powder (SSUP) was prepared in the laboratory through mechanical activation combined with grinding aids. Furthermore, the grinding time was optimized. The particle size, specific surface area, and microstructure characterization were evaluated for the SSUP compared with steel slag powder (SSP). The hydration properties of SSUP were studied by means of cement paste hydration heat and mortar strength. Meanwhile, the soundness of SSUP and SSP was compared by the Le chatelier soundness test. The process of preparing SSUP in the laboratory is as follows: the steel slag is ground by a horizontal ball mill for 50 min and then ground with a planetary ball mill mixing with the grinding aids for 15 min. The experimental results show that the hydration degree and rate of SSUP are better than that of SSP, and the activity index of SSUP is 94.19%, which is much higher than that of SSP (69.62%). The X-ray diffractometry (XRD) result shows that the content of the hydration products for SSUP is higher than that of SSP. The soundness test shows that the stability of SSUP is superior to that of SSP when the dosage is the same. Therefore, ultra-fining can effectively improve the cementitious activity and soundness of steel slag. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eco-Friendly Recycling of Solid Waste into Construction Materials)
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13 pages, 3960 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Silicone Resin on the Fuel Oil Corrosion Resistance of Asphalt Mixture
by Xiang Gao, Ling Pang, Shi Xu, Yang Lv and Yingxue Zou
Sustainability 2022, 14(21), 14053; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114053 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1922
Abstract
Fuel oil leaked onto asphalt pavement will damage the asphalt layer by dissolving the binder, softening the mixture and finally resulting in distress such as raveling and pitting. In the meantime, the skid resistance, high temperature stability and water stability deteriorate dramatically. Silicone [...] Read more.
Fuel oil leaked onto asphalt pavement will damage the asphalt layer by dissolving the binder, softening the mixture and finally resulting in distress such as raveling and pitting. In the meantime, the skid resistance, high temperature stability and water stability deteriorate dramatically. Silicone resin is a fog sealing material for asphalt pavement. It forms a three-dimensional network structure with -Si-O- chains and therefore shows strong hydrophobicity and chemical stability. This paper looks into the effect of silicone resin on the fuel oil corrosion resistance of asphalt mixture. The contact angle, Cantabro test, water stability test, wheel tracking test and three-point bending test were used to investigate the road performance and the corrosion resistance under diesel and gasoline. It was found that, compared with diesel, the contact angle between gasoline and asphalt is smaller, indicating better compatibility. The gasoline corrosion decreases the properties of asphalt mixture more than that of diesel, which indicates that the compatibility is related to the corrosion effect. The results also show that silicone resin can effectively improve the adhesion, strength, water stability and high- and low-temperature performance of asphalt mixture before and after fuel oil erosion, and the improving effect on asphalt mixture after oil erosion is better. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eco-Friendly Recycling of Solid Waste into Construction Materials)
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16 pages, 6440 KiB  
Article
Performance Evaluation of Asphalt Modified with Steel Slag Powder and Waste Tire Rubber Compounds
by Zipeng Wang, Zenggang Zhao, Chao Yang, Xinkui Yang, Shuaichao Chen and Yingxue Zou
Sustainability 2022, 14(14), 8615; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148615 - 14 Jul 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2245
Abstract
As two kinds of solid wastes, waste tires and steel slag have caused serious threats to the environment. Both waste tire rubber (WTR) and steel slag powder (SSP) can improve the performance of asphalt, while the performance indexes and modification mechanism of modified [...] Read more.
As two kinds of solid wastes, waste tires and steel slag have caused serious threats to the environment. Both waste tire rubber (WTR) and steel slag powder (SSP) can improve the performance of asphalt, while the performance indexes and modification mechanism of modified asphalt are not clear. In this paper, asphalt modified with SSP and WTR was prepared, and its performance was evaluated. The physical properties of asphalt modified with SSP and WTR, including penetration, the softening point, and viscosity, were investigated. Furthermore, high-temperature performance, fatigue resistance, low-temperature performance, and blending mechanism of asphalt modified with SSP and WTR were tested with a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), bending beam rheometer (BBR), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The results showed that with the same content of WTR and SSP, WTR reveals a more significant modification effect on physical properties, fatigue, and low-temperature performance of base asphalt than SSP. The anti-rutting performance of SSP-modified asphalt is better than that of WTR-modified asphalt at 30~42 °C, and the anti-rutting performance of WTR-modified asphalt is better than that of SSP-modified asphalt at 42~80 °C. When the total content of WTR and SSP is the same, the physical properties, high-temperature resistance, fatigue resistance, and low-temperature performance of the asphalt modified with WTR and SSP decrease with the decrease in the ratio of WTR and SSP, and their performance is between WTR-modified asphalt and SSP-modified asphalt. Infrared spectrum results verified that the preparation of WTR- and SSP-modified asphalt is mainly a physical blending process. Overall, this research is conducive to promoting the application of modified asphalt with WTR and SSP in the construction of high-standard pavement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eco-Friendly Recycling of Solid Waste into Construction Materials)
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