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Toxics
Special Issues
Bioremediation of Pollutants in Sewage Sludge
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Bioremediation of Pollutants in Sewage Sludge

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Toxicity Reduction and Environmental Remediation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 27 December 2024 | Viewed by 2483

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Conceptión Calvo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal, 4, 18071 Granada, Spain
Interests: bioremediation; biofilm bioreactor; composting; biosurfactants; hydrocarbons; emerging pollutants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Tatiana Robledo-Mahón

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, Campus de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
2. Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal, 4, 18071 Granada, Spain
Interests: bacteria; composting; enzymes; fungi; sewage sludge; soil enzymes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The production of sewage sludge is considered a worldwide problem due to the large volume in which it is generated due to the enormous global population. Additionally, the heterogeneity in its composition is characterized by its content of heavy metals, pathogens, organic matter, and emerging pollutants, among other hazardous compounds. The most common treatments are anaerobic or aerobic digestion (mesophilic or thermophilic), composting, or incineration. However, in the frame of the circular economy, strategies focusing on revalorization are gaining more interest, specifically in terms of converting certain residues into a potential source of nutrients; for example, in agriculture. Therefore, there is a high degree of concern about the potential pollutants that could be present in this waste and how these may be transferred to terrestrial and water ecosystems, and even reach the food chain.

Hence, this Special Issue has been launched to address the current knowledge of bioremediation strategies (bioaumgentation/biostimulation) that are focused on the degradation, transformation, mobilization, or elimination of existing pollutants in sewage sludge, including organic and inorganic compounds, with particular attention to emerging pollutants.

As guest editors of this Special Issue, we would like to invite you to submit research articles, short communications, and review articles that are aimed at this topic, with the objective of providing a collection of articles that discuss the main bioremediation strategies that can be applied to deal with the pollutants present in sewage sludge and that may become toxic or xenobiotic compounds in the environment.

Prof. Dr. Conceptión Calvo
Dr. Tatiana Robledo-Mahón
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microorganisms
  • bacteria
  • fungi
  • bioremediation
  • bioaugmentation
  • biostimulation
  • pollutants
  • biodegradation biotransformation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2738 KiB  
Article
The Physiological Response of Salix matsudana for Water Pollution by 2,4-Dinitrophenol
by Huicheng Xie, Yikang Fu, Degang Fu, Dengfeng Lin, Huimin Zhou, Guilong Fu, Hui Li, Jinxin Liu, Xiuguo Zheng and Kun Li
Toxics 2024, 12(10), 763; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100763 - 20 Oct 2024
Viewed by 730
Abstract
In this study, the effects of different concentrations of 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) stress on physiological parameters, as well as the uptake and removal of 2,4-DNP in Salix matsudana, were investigated using hydroponic simulation experiments to explore the potential of the use of Salix [...] Read more.
In this study, the effects of different concentrations of 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) stress on physiological parameters, as well as the uptake and removal of 2,4-DNP in Salix matsudana, were investigated using hydroponic simulation experiments to explore the potential of the use of Salix matsudana in the phytoremediation of wastewater polluted by 2,4-DNP. The results showed that PN (net photosynthetic rate), Tr (transpiration rate), Gs (stomatal conductance), Ls (stomatal limitation value), Fv/Fm (maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry), and qp (photochemical quenching coefficient) of Salix matsudana seedlings showed an overall decreasing trend, while Ci (intercellular CO2 concentration) showed an increasing trend with the increase in 2,4-DNP concentration. The net photosynthetic rate and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration showed an opposite trend in the leaves with the increase in 2,4-DNP stress concentration, and the inhibition of net photosynthesis by 2,4-DNP on Salix matsudana seedlings was mainly based on non-stomatal factors. In the 15 d incubation experiment, the values of SOD (superoxide dismutase), POD (peroxidase), and CAT (catalase) indexes were higher at low concentrations of 2,4-DNP stress, and all three enzymes reached their maximum values at 10 mg L−1 of 2,4-DNP and then decreased. Salix matsudana seedlings could tolerate 2,4-DNP stress well, which did not exceed 20 mg L−1. The toxicity of 2,4-DNP solution was significantly reduced after purification by Salix matsudana seedlings. The removal rate of 2,4-DNP was higher than 80% in each treatment group by Salix matsudana purified after 15 days. When the concentration of 2,4-DNP reached 20 mg L−1, the contents of MDA (malonicdialdehyde) were 55.62 mmol g−1, and the values of REC (relative conductivity) and LD (leaf damage) were 63.51% and 59.93%, respectively. The structure and function of the cell membrane in leaves were seriously damaged. With the increase in 2,4-DNP concentration, the removal of 2,4-DNP by Salix matsudana seedlings showed a decreasing trend. When the 2,4-DNP concentration was 5 mg L−1, the highest removal rate of 2,4-DNP by Salix matsudana seedlings was 95.98%, while when the 2,4-DNP concentration was 20 mg L−1, the highest removal rate was 86.76%. It is noted that the suitable, recommended concentration for the phytoremediation of 2,4-DNP contamination by Salix matsudana seedlings is between 8.81 and 13.78 mg L−1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioremediation of Pollutants in Sewage Sludge)
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11 pages, 308 KiB  
Article
Biogas Digestate and Sewage Sludge as Suitable Feeds for Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae
by Jana Kofroňová, Abir Melliti and Radek Vurm
Toxics 2024, 12(6), 414; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12060414 - 5 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1355
Abstract
Hermetia illucens larvae can use organic wastes as a substrate, which makes them an interesting potential feed. However, waste may contain heavy metals, which are limited in feed. Here, we investigated the ability of H. illucens to grow on organic wastes and measured [...] Read more.
Hermetia illucens larvae can use organic wastes as a substrate, which makes them an interesting potential feed. However, waste may contain heavy metals, which are limited in feed. Here, we investigated the ability of H. illucens to grow on organic wastes and measured their heavy metal bioaccumulation. The larvae were fed with food waste, biogas digestates, and sewage sludge. When the first adult fly was visible, the tests were stopped and the larvae immediately processed. The samples (wastes before use, larvae after feeding) were analysed for mineral nutrient and heavy metal content using AAS and ICP-OES, respectively. The results show that the weight of the larvae fed with food waste increased sevenfold, which was broadly in line with expectations. Those fed with sewage sludge and digestate from biogas station increased threefold. While the larvae fed with sewage sludge exceeded the limits for heavy metals, particularly Cd and Pb, in feedstock, those fed with biogas digestate and food waste did not. These findings add to the literature showing the suitability of different wastes as H. illucens feed, and the importance of excluding waste contaminated with heavy metals from larvae intended for use as animal feed, or else diverting these larvae to non-feed uses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioremediation of Pollutants in Sewage Sludge)
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