Exploring the Multifaceted Role of Antioxidants: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Applications

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Novel Methods in Toxicology Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 1345

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China.
Interests: medicinal chemistry; drug mechanism; novel anti-inflammatory and antibacterial drugs; novel drug preparations; pharmacology; toxicology.

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Guest Editor
Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
Interests: metabolic liver disease; utilization and development of flavonoids; pharmacology; toxicology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antioxidants are crucial substances that inhibit or decelerate the oxidation of other molecules. They work by scavenging free radicals, inhibiting oxidation reactions, and disrupting oxidative chain reactions. Both endogenous metabolic processes and exogenous environmental factors generate free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). While controlled concentrations of ROS play vital physiological roles, their excessive accumulation causes oxidative stress, damaging cells and tissues and leading to various pathological conditions.

Investigating antioxidants is crucial as they mitigate oxidative stress, suppress inflammation, preserve mitochondrial function, modulate cellular signaling pathways, fortify the immune system, and enhance toxin metabolism and excretion. Understanding antioxidant mechanisms and their protective effects could lead to their application in disease prevention, treatment, oxidative stress mitigation, and a reduction in the impact of environmental toxins. These advancements span biochemistry, molecular biology, pharmacology, environmental science, and clinical medicine.

This Special Issue will explore the protective role of antioxidants against toxicity across diverse biological models, including human-oriented models, plants, invertebrates, vertebrates, and cell lines. By encompassing various experimental systems and promoting interdisciplinary research, we aim to highlight cutting-edge research and novel insights. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of antioxidant mechanisms, their interactions with biological systems, and their potential therapeutic applications.

We welcome submissions that explore the multifaceted role of antioxidants, from molecular mechanisms to clinical and environmental applications, fostering collaboration between scientific disciplines to improve health and mitigate oxidative stress and environmental toxins.

Prof. Dr. Jianyong Li
Dr. Meizhou Huang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • enzymatic antioxidants
  • non-enzymatic antioxidants
  • reactive oxygen species
  • inflammation response
  • oxidative stress
  • energy metabolism
  • toxicity

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

24 pages, 11718 KiB  
Article
Selenomethionine and Allicin Synergistically Mitigate Intestinal Oxidative Injury by Activating the Nrf2 Pathway
by Yongshi Liu, Xi Lv, Heling Yuan, Xiaoming Wang, Jinhu Huang and Liping Wang
Toxics 2024, 12(10), 719; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100719 - 30 Sep 2024
Viewed by 761
Abstract
Oxidative stress frequently contributes to intestinal barrier injury in animals and humans. It was reported that both Selenomethionine (SeMet) and allicin exhibit protective effects against a range of diseases caused by oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the synergistic antioxidant effects and [...] Read more.
Oxidative stress frequently contributes to intestinal barrier injury in animals and humans. It was reported that both Selenomethionine (SeMet) and allicin exhibit protective effects against a range of diseases caused by oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the synergistic antioxidant effects and underlying mechanisms of SeMet and allicin on a H2O2-induced intestinal barrier injury model using IPEC-J2 cells and mice. The results showed that H2O2 induced severe oxidative stress, including a decrease in cell viability, antioxidant level, migration capacity, and cell integrity. SeMet and allicin exhibited significant synergistic anti-oxidative effects on intestinal epithelial cells. The combined use of SeMet and allicin increased SOD activity, GSH content, and GSH/GSSG ratio while decreasing MDA, NO, and ROS content levels. Furthermore, we found that SeMet and allicin synergistically activated the nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 (NQO1) signaling pathway and down-regulated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress)-related proteins. However, the synergistic antioxidative and intestinal barrier protective effects of SeMet and allicin were abolished by Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, SeMet and allicin synergistically attenuate intestinal barrier injury induced by excessively oxidative stress through the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibition ER stress. These findings support that the combined use of SeMet and allicin could enhance antioxidative properties and alleviate intestinal injury in further clinical practice. Full article
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