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Toxics
Special Issues
Radioactive Contamination and Radionuclide Removal
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Radioactive Contamination and Radionuclide Removal

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Metals and Radioactive Substances".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 24 January 2025 | Viewed by 1592

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Yuezhou Wei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, China
2. School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Interests: adsorption material development; radionuclide separation; heavy metal removal; radioactive waste management; wastewater treatment; radiochemistry; electrochemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yan Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Interests: porous materials; zeolites; inorganic materials; adsorption; separation science and technology; radiochemistry; waste treatment and disposal
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Xiangbiao Yin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, China
Interests: clay minerals; hydrothermal treatment; radioactive waste disposal; soil remediation; silica gel

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Radioactive contamination and radionuclide removal is a complex global task. Radionuclides, produced by a variety of human activities, pose an ongoing hazard to both the environment and human health. These activities include uranium and thorium resource mining and refining for nuclear power utilization, nuclear reactor operation, spent nuclear fuel processing, radioactive waste treatment and disposal, diagnosis and therapy using radioisotopes in advanced medicine, as well as various industrial and research activities using radionuclides. Some of these radionuclides are inevitably discharged into the biosphere, which may have an adverse impact on the environment and human health. Their presence into the ecosphere can have a wide range of repercussions, including ecological disruption and long-term health concerns to humankind. As a result, understanding and controlling the fate of these radionuclides is critical.

This Special Issue will highlight the latest advances in studies on radioactive contamination and radionuclide removal. Topics may include, but are not limited to, the assessment of radioactive contaminants’ origin, environmental toxicity evaluation of radionuclides, detection and analysis of radionuclides in contaminated water and soil, physical and chemical behavior of radionuclides, separation materials and methods for radionuclide removal, and fundamental and technological approaches to radioactive waste treatment and disposal. Authors are invited to submit original research papers, reviews and short communications.

Prof. Dr. Yuezhou Wei
Dr. Yan Wu
Prof. Dr. Xiangbiao Yin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • radionuclides
  • adioactive contamination
  • environment
  • radio-toxicity
  • radionuclides removal
  • separation
  • waste management
  • remediation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3267 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Europium Adsorption Effect of Fe on Several Geological Materials by Applying XANES, EXAFS, and Wavelet Transform Techniques
by Chi-Wen Hsieh, Zih-Shiuan Chiou, Chuan-Pin Lee, Shih-Chin Tsai, Wei-Hsiang Tseng, Yu-Hung Wang, Yi-Ting Chen, Chein-Hsieng Kuo and Hui-Min Chiu
Toxics 2024, 12(10), 706; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100706 - 28 Sep 2024
Viewed by 637
Abstract
This study conducted adsorption experiments using Europium (Eu(III)) on geological materials collected from Taiwan. Batch tests on argillite, basalt, granite, and biotite showed that argillite and basalt exhibited strong adsorption reactions with Eu. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis also clearly indicated differences before and [...] Read more.
This study conducted adsorption experiments using Europium (Eu(III)) on geological materials collected from Taiwan. Batch tests on argillite, basalt, granite, and biotite showed that argillite and basalt exhibited strong adsorption reactions with Eu. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis also clearly indicated differences before and after adsorption. By combining X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and wavelet transform (WT) analyses, we observed that the Fe2O3 content significantly affects the Eu-Fe distance in the inner-sphere layer during the Eu adsorption process. The wavelet transform analysis for two-dimensional information helps differentiate two distances of Eu-O, which are difficult to analyze, with hydrated outer-sphere Eu-O distances ranging from 2.42 to 2.52 Å and inner-sphere Eu-O distances from 2.27 to 2.32 Å. The EXAFS results for Fe2O3 and SiO2 in argillite and basalt reveal different adsorption mechanisms. Fe2O3 exhibits inner-sphere surface complexation in the order of basalt, argillite, and granite, while SiO2 forms outer-sphere ion exchange with basalt and argillite. Wavelet transform analysis also highlights the differences among these materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radioactive Contamination and Radionuclide Removal)
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17 pages, 14769 KiB  
Article
Efficient Uranium Removal from Aqueous Solutions Using Silica-Based Adsorbents Functionalized with Various Polyamines
by Ping Zhang, Hongling Wang, Lifeng Chen, Wenlong Li, Toyohisa Fujita, Shunyan Ning and Yuezhou Wei
Toxics 2024, 12(10), 704; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100704 - 27 Sep 2024
Viewed by 659
Abstract
With the rapid development of nuclear energy, the contamination of environmental water systems by uranium has become a significant threat to human health. To efficiently remove uranium from these systems, three types of silica-based polyamine resins—SiPMA-DETA (SiPMA: silica/poly methyl acrylate; DETA: diethylenetriamine), SiPMA-TETA [...] Read more.
With the rapid development of nuclear energy, the contamination of environmental water systems by uranium has become a significant threat to human health. To efficiently remove uranium from these systems, three types of silica-based polyamine resins—SiPMA-DETA (SiPMA: silica/poly methyl acrylate; DETA: diethylenetriamine), SiPMA-TETA (TETA: triethylenetetramine), and SiPMA-TEPA (TEPA: tetraethylenepentamine)—were successfully prepared, characterized, and evaluated in batch experiments. Characterization results showed that the silica-based polyamine resins were successfully prepared, and they exhibited a uniform shape and high specific surface area. SiPMA-DETA, SiPMA-TETA, and SiPMA-TEPA had nitrogen contents of 4.08%, 3.72%, and 4.26%, respectively. Batch experiments indicated that these adsorbents could efficiently remove uranium from aqueous solutions with a pH of 5–9. The adsorption kinetics of U(VI) were consistent with the pseudo-second-order model, indicating that the adsorption process was chemisorption and that adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 10 min. SiPMA-TEPA, with the longest polyamine chain, exhibited the highest adsorption capacity (>198.95 mg/g), while SiPMA-DETA, with the shortest polyamine chain, demonstrated the highest U(VI) adsorption efficiency (83%) with 100 mM Na2SO4. SiPMA-TEPA still removed over 90% of U(VI) from river water and tap water. The spectral analysis revealed that the N-containing functional groups on the ligand were bound to anionic uranium–carbonate species and possibly contributed to the adsorption efficiency. In general, this work presents three effective adsorbents for removing uranium from environmental water systems and thus significantly contributes to the field of environmental protection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radioactive Contamination and Radionuclide Removal)
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