Advances in the Treatment of Movement Disorders with Botulinum Toxins

A special issue of Toxins (ISSN 2072-6651). This special issue belongs to the section "Bacterial Toxins".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2025 | Viewed by 1644

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Lille University Medical Center, 59037 Lille, France
Interests: dystonia; botulinum toxin; ultrasound; Parkinson’s disease; tremor

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Guest Editor
Parkinson-Klinik Ortenau GmbH, 77709 Wolfach, Germany
Interests: botulinum toxin; dystonia; cervical dystonia; sialorrhea; Parkinson’s disease; Blepharospasm
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We have the honor of coordinating the preparation of a Special Issue of the journal Toxins, titled “Advances in the Treatment of Movement Disorders with Botulinum Toxins”.

This Special Issue will mainly focus on dystonia. In addition to articles devoted to classic, approved indications of botulinum toxin injections, we aim to collect works of high-quality research about poorly explored common conditions such as dystonic tremors or functional dystonia, as well as rare, unapproved indications including task-specific and oromandibular dystonia. Moreover, articles devoted to other movement disorders (mainly tremors and myoclonus) will be considered. We will pay close attention to works aimed at better understanding the duration during which injections remain effective and ways to optimize the results of this treatment. This issue will also cover advances in injection techniques or dose selection. Lastly, works dedicated to new forms of botulinum toxins will be welcome.

Indeed, we want to make this issue particularly diverse and innovative, with the objectives of attracting the interest of as many people as possible and also of offering vocations for young colleagues at a time when other fields of neurology are proving increasingly attractive. Now, please go ahead and pick up your pens and surprise us!

Dr. Alexandre Kreisler
Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Jost
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • rare forms of dystonia
  • common but poorly explored forms of dystonia
  • tremor
  • myoclonus
  • optimization of results
  • duration of efficacy
  • guidance
  • injection techniques
  • recombinant botulinum toxin

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 552 KiB  
Article
Doses of Botulinum Toxin in Cervical Dystonia: Does Ultrasound Guidance Change Injection Practices?
by Alexandre Kreisler, Léa Mortain, Kaëlig Watel, Eugénie Mutez, Luc Defebvre and Alain Duhamel
Toxins 2024, 16(10), 439; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16100439 - 11 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Background: Cervical dystonia is widely understood to benefit from botulinum toxin injections. The injection practices may be influenced by specific factors, including the method of injection. Three main guidance methods can be used: palpation of anatomical landmarks, ultrasound, and electromyography. We investigated how [...] Read more.
Background: Cervical dystonia is widely understood to benefit from botulinum toxin injections. The injection practices may be influenced by specific factors, including the method of injection. Three main guidance methods can be used: palpation of anatomical landmarks, ultrasound, and electromyography. We investigated how target muscles and doses of botulinum toxin were modified after the transition from surface anatomy (non-guided) to ultrasound (US-guided), in patients with cervical dystonia. We also determined the long-term dose trend. Methods: We studied a group of 82 patients, who received non-guided injections (median: 16.5 cycles/5.1 years) followed by US-guided injections (median: 12.0 cycles/3.8 years). Results: More muscles, and especially deep muscles, were injected during the US-guided period. The total dose and number of injected muscles were higher when US guidance was used, but the mean dose per muscle was lower. Over the long term, the total dose stabilized, and the mean dose per muscle decreased during the US-guided period. Conclusions: According to our results, the guidance method has a strong impact on the botulinum toxin injection strategy in cervical dystonia (target muscles and dose). Also, the treatment appeared more stable when using US guidance; this could be explained by the good precision of such injections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Treatment of Movement Disorders with Botulinum Toxins)
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Review

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11 pages, 904 KiB  
Review
Botulinum Toxin Effects on Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
by Nicola Tambasco, Pasquale Nigro, Alessandro Mechelli, Michele Duranti and Lucilla Parnetti
Toxins 2024, 16(11), 474; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16110474 - 3 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Freezing of gait is a frequent phenomenon and can be one of the most debilitating motor impairments in Parkinson’s disease, especially in the advanced stages. It is currently defined as a brief episodic absence or any marked reduction in the forward progression of [...] Read more.
Freezing of gait is a frequent phenomenon and can be one of the most debilitating motor impairments in Parkinson’s disease, especially in the advanced stages. It is currently defined as a brief episodic absence or any marked reduction in the forward progression of the feet, despite the intention to walk. Greater severity of freezing of gait has been associated with more frequent falls, postural instability, and executive dysfunction. However, botulinum neurotoxin is one of the most widely administered therapies for motor and non-motor symptoms, including freezing of gait, in parkinsonism. To date, the literature has had conflicting results on the use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease patients. In light of this, we reviewed the findings of past studies that specifically investigated the effects of botulinum toxin on freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease in order to better understand this issue. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Treatment of Movement Disorders with Botulinum Toxins)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Vocal Tremor: pathophysiology and management. Focus on the role of botulinum toxin treatment

Abstract: Voice tremor (VT) is an invaliding speech disorder characterized by periodic fluctuation in pitch and loudness as a result of involuntary rhythmic oscillations within the phonatory apparatus. VT can occur in isolation (isolated Voice Tremor – IVT) or in association with essential tremor (Essential Voice Tremor) or with spasmodic dysphonia (SD). Dystonic Voice Tremor (DVT) can be difficult to distinguish from non-dystonic forms of tremor. The diagnosis of VTs is based on clinical and instrumental examinations. In particular electromyography (EMG) play a relevant diagnostic role. No treatment has demonstrated to be effective. Botulinum toxin may be useful in reducing symptoms.

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