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TropicalMed
Special Issues
Host-Parasite-Environment Interactions
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Host-Parasite-Environment Interactions

A special issue of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease (ISSN 2414-6366). This special issue belongs to the section "Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 November 2022) | Viewed by 14763

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Antonio A. Vázquez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Malacology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (Pedro Kourí), Autopista Novia del Mediodía km 6, La Habana 11400, Cuba
Interests: medical malacology; parasitology; evolutionary biology; ecology; fasciolosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The world is currently experiencing major outbreaks of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. Host–parasite interactions are fundamental drivers of disease transmission and epidemiology, continuously evolving and adapting to fluctuating environmental conditions. Under the current changing climate scenario, the epidemiological patterns of many zoonotic diseases are shifting. Consequently, control strategies must be supported by in-depth knowledge on the interactions of pathogens with their hosts. In this Special Issue, we invite the submission of manuscripts dealing with ecology, biology, susceptibility and compatibility, genetics, epigenetics, immunology, behavior, and evolution. We will welcome different models of host–parasite systems within the scope of tropical diseases. We encourage works related to the One Health initiative and climatic change.

Dr. Antonio A. Vázquez
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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13 pages, 1995 KiB  
Article
Mono-Parasitic and Poly-Parasitic Intestinal Infections among Children Aged 36–45 Months in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
by Alpha F. Athiyyah, Ingrid S. Surono, Reza G. Ranuh, Andy Darma, Sukmawati Basuki, Lynda Rossyanti, Subijanto M. Sudarmo and Koen Venema
Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2023, 8(1), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8010045 - 6 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3433
Abstract
The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection remains high in developing countries, especially because of geographic and socio-demographic factors. This study aimed to evaluate intestinal parasitic infection, as well as its risk factors, among children aged 36–45 months in a rural area (North Kodi) [...] Read more.
The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection remains high in developing countries, especially because of geographic and socio-demographic factors. This study aimed to evaluate intestinal parasitic infection, as well as its risk factors, among children aged 36–45 months in a rural area (North Kodi) and an urban area (Kupang) of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Anthropometry, socio-demographic factors and personal hygiene practices were assessed. A total of 214 children participated in the study, and 200 stool samples were collected for intestinal parasite examination. Approximately 30.5% (61/200) of the children were infected with one or more intestinal parasites (67.2%; 41/61 being mono-parasitic infections and 32.8%; 20/61 being poly-parasitic infections). A total of 85 intestinal parasites were detected, consisting of 35.3% (30/85) protozoa and 64.7% (55/85) helminths. The predominant protozoa were Giardia lamblia (43%; 13/30) and Blastocystis spp. (33.3%; 10/30), whereas the predominant helminths were Trichuris trichiura (50.9%; 28/55) and Ascaris lumbricoides (43.6%; 24/55). Moreover, intestinal parasitic infection was associated with rural area (OR 4.5; 95%CI 2.3–8.6); the absence of treatment with deworming drugs (OR 2.56; 95%CI 1.3–5.0); sanitation facilities without a septic tank (OR 4.3; 95%CI 2.1–8.5); unclean water as a source of drinking water (OR 4.67; 95%CI 2.4–9.4); no handwashing practice after defecation (OR 3.2; 95%CI 1.4–7.3); and stunted children (OR 4.4; 95%CI 2.3–8.3). In conclusion, poly-parasitic infections were common in this study. Poor personal hygiene practice and sanitation factors contributed to the high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in 36–45-month-old children in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Host-Parasite-Environment Interactions)
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26 pages, 1941 KiB  
Systematic Review
Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Nutritional Status in Children under Five Years Old: A Systematic Review
by Nisa Fauziah, Jenifer Kiem Aviani, Yukan Niko Agrianfanny and Siti Nur Fatimah
Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2022, 7(11), 371; https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7110371 - 12 Nov 2022
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 10803
Abstract
Intestinal parasitic infections are common infectious diseases causing many health problems and impaired growth and physical development.. Children under five years old are the most vulnerable to infections, due to their immature immunity and feeding and exploratory behaviours. This systematic review aimed to [...] Read more.
Intestinal parasitic infections are common infectious diseases causing many health problems and impaired growth and physical development.. Children under five years old are the most vulnerable to infections, due to their immature immunity and feeding and exploratory behaviours. This systematic review aimed to assess the relationship between intestinal parasitic infections and undernutrition among children under 5 years old. Fifteen studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were classified as high-quality studies. Twelve parasites were reported, including Ascaris lumbricoides, Cryptosporodium spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Enterobius vermicularis, Giardia lamblia, hookworm, Hymenolepis nana, Strongyloides sterocalis, Taenia spp. and Trichuris trichuria. Ascariasis is the most reported infection, with a prevalence ranging from 10.77% in Ethiopia to 57.14% in Malaysia, and is correlated with stunting (OR 2.17 (95% CI 1.14, 4.13), p = 0.02). Giardiasis is the second most reported infection, with a prevalence ranging from 4.43% in Ethiopia to 66.33% in the Central African Republic, and is related to an increased risk of stunting (OR 2.34 (95% CI 1.07, 5.10), p = 0.03)), wasting (OR 2.90 (95% CI 1.12, 7.49, p = 0.03)), and being underweight (OR 1.53 (95% CI 1.02, 2.29, p = 0.04)). The third and fourth most prevalent infections are T. trichiura and hookworm infections. Intestinal parasitic infections can occur very early in life and cause significant growth retardation. It is important to understand the prevalence and effects of infection based on the parasite species in order to implement therapeutic interventions and prevention controls. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Host-Parasite-Environment Interactions)
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