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Universe
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Black Hole Thermodynamics
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Black Hole Thermodynamics

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2018) | Viewed by 15778

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Seyed Hossein Hendi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Physics, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
2. Biruni Observatory, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
3. Canadian Quantum Research Center 204-3002 32 Ave Vernon, BC V1T 2L7, Canada
Interests: gravitation; theoretical aspects of black holes; nonlinear electrodynamics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Júlio César Fabris

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Física, CCE Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514. 29075-910 Vitória/ES, Brasil
Interests: cosmology, dark energy, dark matter, black holes and gravitation.
Prof. Xiaoxiong Zeng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Frontiers in Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Interests: black hole physics; AdS/ CFT correspondence

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Following the pioneering works of the Hawking and Bekenstein, one may regard the black objects as thermodynamical systems. According to black hole thermodynamics, geometrical quantities, such as horizon area and surface gravity, are related to thermodynamic quantities, such as entropy and temperature. In this regard, calculating conserved and thermodynamic quantities of the black holes, examining the validity of no-hair conjecture, and also the flrst law of thermodynamics are very important. It is worthwhile to mention that investigation of Hawking phase transition and thermal stability is an essential tool for considering a black hole as a real and viable thermodynamical system. In addition, recent progresses in the black hole thermodynamics and their relations to the AdS/CFT correspondence implied thermodynamical variability nature of the cosmological constant. It was found out that black holes, along all assigned thermodynamic variables, also have rich phase structures in complete analogy with non-gravitational thermodynamic system similar to van der Waals gas system. In this regard, the reentrant of the phase transition, existence of the triple point, and analogous heat engines are investigated in the litrature.

Prof. Seyed Hossein Hendi
Prof. Júlio César Fabris
Prof. Xiaoxiong Zeng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Thermal phase transition
  • Black hole thermodynamics
  • Gauge-gravity duality

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 252 KiB  
Article
Universal Thermodynamics in the Context of Dynamical Black Hole
by Sudipto Bhattacharjee and Subenoy Chakraborty
Universe 2018, 4(7), 76; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4070076 - 1 Jul 2018
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2587
Abstract
The present work is a brief review of the development of dynamical black holes from the geometric point view. Furthermore, in this context, universal thermodynamics in the FLRW model has been analyzed using the notion of the Kodama vector. Finally, some general conclusions [...] Read more.
The present work is a brief review of the development of dynamical black holes from the geometric point view. Furthermore, in this context, universal thermodynamics in the FLRW model has been analyzed using the notion of the Kodama vector. Finally, some general conclusions have been drawn. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Hole Thermodynamics)
15 pages, 1773 KiB  
Article
Primordial Regular Black Holes: Thermodynamics and Dark Matter
by José Antonio de Freitas Pacheco
Universe 2018, 4(5), 62; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4050062 - 3 May 2018
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3469
Abstract
The possibility that dark matter particles could be constituted by extreme regular primordial black holes is discussed. Extreme black holes have zero surface temperature, and are not subjected to the Hawking evaporation process. Assuming that the common horizon radius of these black holes [...] Read more.
The possibility that dark matter particles could be constituted by extreme regular primordial black holes is discussed. Extreme black holes have zero surface temperature, and are not subjected to the Hawking evaporation process. Assuming that the common horizon radius of these black holes is fixed by the minimum distance that is derived from the Riemann invariant computed from loop quantum gravity, the masses of these non-singular stable black holes are of the order of the Planck mass. However, if they are formed just after inflation, during reheating, their initial masses are about six orders of magnitude higher. After a short period of growth by the accretion of relativistic matter, they evaporate until reaching the extreme solution. Only a fraction of 3.8 × 10−22 of relativistic matter is required to be converted into primordial black holes (PBHs) in order to explain the present abundance of dark matter particles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Hole Thermodynamics)
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23 pages, 2492 KiB  
Article
Circular Geodesics, Paczyński-Witta Potential and QNMs in the Eikonal Limit for Ayón-Beato-García Black Hole
by Parthapratim Pradhan
Universe 2018, 4(3), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4030055 - 13 Mar 2018
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2912
Abstract
We investigate the comprehensive geodesic structure of a spherically symmetric, static charged regular Ayón-Beato and García black hole (BH). We derive the equation of innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO), marginally bound circular orbit (MBCO) and circular photon orbit (CPO) of said BH, which [...] Read more.
We investigate the comprehensive geodesic structure of a spherically symmetric, static charged regular Ayón-Beato and García black hole (BH). We derive the equation of innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO), marginally bound circular orbit (MBCO) and circular photon orbit (CPO) of said BH, which are most relevant to BH accretion disk theory. Using time-like geodesic properties, we derive Paczyński-Witta potential form for this BH which are very relevant to determine the general relativistic effects on the accretion disk. We show that at a certain radius (For example in case of Reissner-Nordstrøm (RN) BH, r ∗ = Q 2 M ), there exists zero angular momentum (ZAM) orbits due to the repulsive gravity. We also show that in the eikonal approximation, the real and imaginary parts of the quasi normal modes (QNM) of the regular BHs can be expressed as in terms of the frequency of the BH and the instability time scale of the unstable null circular geodesics. Moreover, we study the Bañados, Silk and West effect for this BH. We show that the center-of-mass (CM) energy of colliding neutral test particles near the infinite red-shift surface of the regular BHs have the finite energy. In the Appendix section, we have discussed the possibility of a regular ABG BH can act as particle accelerators when two charged test particles of different energies are colliding and approaching to the horizon of the BH provided that one of charged test particle has a critical value of charge. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Hole Thermodynamics)
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14 pages, 280 KiB  
Article
The Black Hole Radiation in Massive Gravity
by Ivan Arraut
Universe 2018, 4(2), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4020027 - 7 Feb 2018
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3332
Abstract
We apply the Bogoliubov transformations in order to connect two different vacuums, one located at past infinity and another located at future infinity around a black hole inside the scenario of the nonlinear theory of massive gravity. The presence of the extra degrees [...] Read more.
We apply the Bogoliubov transformations in order to connect two different vacuums, one located at past infinity and another located at future infinity around a black hole inside the scenario of the nonlinear theory of massive gravity. The presence of the extra degrees of freedom changes the behavior of the logarithmic singularity and, as a consequence, the relation between the two Bogoliubov coefficients. This has an effect on the number of particles, or equivalently, on the black hole temperature perceived by observers defining the time arbitrarily. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Hole Thermodynamics)
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Review

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16 pages, 905 KiB  
Review
Generic Features of Thermodynamics of Horizons in Regular Spherical Space-Times of the Kerr-Schild Class
by Irina Dymnikova
Universe 2018, 4(5), 63; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4050063 - 11 May 2018
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2898
Abstract
We present a systematic review of thermodynamics of horizons in regular spherically symmetric spacetimes of the Kerr-Schild class, [...] Read more.
We present a systematic review of thermodynamics of horizons in regular spherically symmetric spacetimes of the Kerr-Schild class, d s 2 = g ( r ) d t 2 − g − 1 ( r ) d r 2 − r 2 d Ω 2 , both asymptotically flat and with a positive background cosmological constant λ . Regular solutions of this class have obligatory de Sitter center. A source term in the Einstein equations satisfies T t t = T r r and represents an anisotropic vacuum dark fluid ( p r = − ρ ), defined by the algebraic structure of its stress-energy tensor, which describes a time-evolving and spatially inhomogeneous, distributed or clustering, vacuum dark energy intrinsically related to space-time symmetry. In the case of two vacuum scales it connects smoothly two de Sitter vacua, 8 π G T ν μ = Λ δ ν μ as r → 0 , 8 π G T ν μ = λ δ ν μ as r → ∞ with λ < Λ . In the range of the mass parameter M c r 1 ≤ M ≤ M c r 2 it describes a regular cosmological black hole directly related to a vacuum dark energy. Space-time has at most three horizons: a cosmological horizon r c , a black hole horizon r b < r c , and an internal horizon r a < r b , which is the cosmological horizon for an observer in the internal R-region asymptotically de Sitter as r → 0 . Asymptotically flat regular black holes ( λ = 0 ) can have at most two horizons, r b and r a . We present the basic generic features of thermodynamics of horizons revealed with using the Padmanabhan approach relevant for a multi-horizon space-time with a non-zero pressure. Quantum evaporation of a regular black hole involves a phase transition in which the specific heat capacity is broken and changes sign while a temperature achieves its maximal value, and leaves behind the thermodynamically stable double-horizon ( r a = r b ) remnant with zero temperature and positive specific heat. The mass of objects with the de Sitter center is generically related to vacuum dark energy and to breaking of space-time symmetry. In the cosmological context space-time symmetry provides a mechanism for relaxing cosmological constant to a certain non-zero value. We discuss also observational applications of the presented results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Hole Thermodynamics)
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