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Universe
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Tidal Effects in General Relativity
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Tidal Effects in General Relativity

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "Gravitation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 February 2023) | Viewed by 6240

Special Issue Editor

Dr. B.P. Bonga (Béatrice)

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Interests: gravitational wave theory; resonance effects in neutron stars and black hole spacetimes; gravitational radiation in cosmological spacetimes; early universe cosmology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tidal effects are ubiquitous in nature. A classic example of tidal effects is the periodic rise and fall of the sea levels on Earth due to the gravitational interaction between the moon and the Earth. The new era of gravitational-wave astronomy allows for novel ways to test tidal effects in the strong-field regime, thereby boosting the possibility to deepen our understanding of tidal effects in general relativity. These tests include measurements of Love numbers of neutron stars and black holes, tidal heating, and tidal resonances in Extreme Mass Ration Inspirals and tidal locking in white dwarf binaries.

This Special Issue is dedicated to all tidal effects in general relativity and aims to bring together new theoretical developments and forecasts on their measurability.

I look forward to reading your contributions.

Dr. B.P. Bonga (Béatrice)
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tidal fields
  • tidal acceleration/tidal heating/tidal cooling
  • Love numbers/tidal deformations
  • tidal locking
  • tidal resonances

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 329 KiB  
Article
Tidal Effects and Clock Comparison Experiments
by Cheng-Gang Qin, Tong Liu, Jin-Zhuang Dong, Xiao-Yi Dai, Yu-Jie Tan and Cheng-Gang Shao
Universe 2023, 9(3), 133; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9030133 - 4 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1343
Abstract
Einstein’s general relativity theory provides a successful understanding of the flow of time in the gravitational field. From Einstein’s equivalence principle, the influence of the Sun and Moon masses on clocks is given in the form of tidal potentials. Two clocks fixed on [...] Read more.
Einstein’s general relativity theory provides a successful understanding of the flow of time in the gravitational field. From Einstein’s equivalence principle, the influence of the Sun and Moon masses on clocks is given in the form of tidal potentials. Two clocks fixed on the surface of the Earth, compared to each other, can measure the tidal effects of the Sun and Moon. The measurement of tidal effects can provide a test for general relativity. Based on the standard general relativity method, we rigorously derive the formulas for clock comparison in the Barycentric Celestial Reference System and Geocentric Celestial Reference System, and demonstrate the tidal effects on clock comparison experiments. The unprecedented performance of atomic clocks makes it possible to measure the tidal effects on clock comparisons. We propose to test tidal effects with the laboratory clock comparisons and some international missions, and give the corresponding estimations. By comparing the state-of-the-art clocks over distances of 1000 km, the laboratory may test tidal effects with a level of 1%. Future space missions, such as the China space station and FOCOS mission, can also be used to test tidal effects, and the best accuracy may reach 0.3%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tidal Effects in General Relativity)
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10 pages, 412 KiB  
Article
Tidal Deformability of Neutron Stars in Unimodular Gravity
by Rui-Xin Yang, Fei Xie and Dao-Jun Liu
Universe 2022, 8(11), 576; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8110576 - 2 Nov 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1668
Abstract
Unimodular gravity is a modified theory with respect to general relativity by an extra condition that the determinant of the metric is fixed. Especially, if the energy-momentum tensor is not imposed to be conserved separately, a new geometric structure will appear with potential [...] Read more.
Unimodular gravity is a modified theory with respect to general relativity by an extra condition that the determinant of the metric is fixed. Especially, if the energy-momentum tensor is not imposed to be conserved separately, a new geometric structure will appear with potential observational signatures. In this paper, we study the tidal deformability of a compact star in unimodular gravity under the assumption of a non-conserved energy-momentum tensor. Both the electric-type and magnetic-type quadrupole tidal Love numbers are calculated for neutron stars using the polytrope model. It is found that the electric-type tidal Love numbers are monotonically increasing, but the magnetic-type ones are decreasing, with the increase in the non-conservation parameter. Compared with the observational data from the detected gravitational-wave events, a small negative non-conservation parameter is favored. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tidal Effects in General Relativity)
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17 pages, 7616 KiB  
Article
Dynamics of Charged Particles Moving around Kerr Black Hole with Inductive Charge and External Magnetic Field
by Xin Sun, Xin Wu, Yu Wang, Chen Deng, Baorong Liu and Enwei Liang
Universe 2021, 7(11), 410; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7110410 - 29 Oct 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 2182
Abstract
We mainly focus on the effects of small changes of parameters on the dynamics of charged particles around Kerr black holes surrounded by an external magnetic field, which can be considered as a tidal environment. The radial motions of charged particles on the [...] Read more.
We mainly focus on the effects of small changes of parameters on the dynamics of charged particles around Kerr black holes surrounded by an external magnetic field, which can be considered as a tidal environment. The radial motions of charged particles on the equatorial plane are studied via an effective potential. It is found that the particle energies at the local maxima values of the effective potentials increase with an increase in the black hole spin and the particle angular momenta, but decrease with an increase of one of the inductive charge parameter and magnetic field parameter. The radii of stable circular orbits on the equatorial plane also increase, whereas those of the innermost stable circular orbits decrease. On the other hand, the effects of small variations of the parameters on the orbital regular and chaotic dynamics of charged particles on the non-equatorial plane are traced by means of a time-transformed explicit symplectic integrator, Poincaré sections and fast Lyapunov indicators. It is shown that the dynamics sensitivity depends on small variations in the inductive charge parameter, magnetic field parameter, energy, and angular momentum. Chaos occurs easily as each of the inductive charge parameter, magnetic field parameter, and energy increases but is weakened as the angular momentum increases. When the dragging effects of the spacetime increase, the chaotic properties are not always weakened under some circumstances. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tidal Effects in General Relativity)
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