Health Monitoring and Non-Destructive Evaluation of Structures

A special issue of Vibration (ISSN 2571-631X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2021) | Viewed by 18321

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
The Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, 14 Fiszera Street, 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
Interests: structural health monitoring (SHM); nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE); adhesive bond assessment; damage identification; signal processing algorithms; phased arrays techniques for Lamb wave-based SHM; guided waves; electromechanical impedance; laser vibrometry
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Guest Editor
Grupo de Investigación en Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 No. 70-01, Bloque 22. Medellín, Colombia
Interests: structural health monitoring (SHM); smart materials and structures; composite materials; machine learning; fiber optic sensors; strain field pattern recognition techniques

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue focuses on the important engineering problem of ensuring the safety of structures. No matter if the structure is aeronautical, civil, mechanical, marine or any other, all structures are prone to damage and need inspection and monitoring. Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques are being developed for this purpose. Damage detection, assessment, and prediction of the remaining structure life are important topics focused on by researchers around the world. With this Special Issue, we would like to create the possibility to present the latest findings, achievements, and trends in this field. We invite manuscripts presenting new findings and developments under the Special Issue topic. Manuscripts dealing with all aspects of research are welcome, since numerical and experimental studies, signal processing algorithms, optimization approaches, equipment development, as well as validations on real structures are equally important. Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

  1. Elastic/guided waves;
  2. Electromechanical impedance;
  3. Ultrasonics;
  4. Fiber optic-based sensing;
  5. Vibrations;
  6. Contact and noncontact measurement methods;
  7. Sensor/actuator placement/networks/arrays;
  8. Signal processing;
  9. Metallic, composite structures;
  10. Riveted, bolted, adhesive bond assessment;
  11. Damage localization and assessment;
  12. Probabilistic SHM approaches.

Prof. Dr. Pawel H. Malinowski
Prof. Dr. Julian Sierra Perez
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • structural health monitoring
  • SHM
  • nondestructive testing
  • NDT
  • nondestructive evaluation
  • NDE
  • damage
  • sensors

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 48023 KiB  
Article
Fatigue Crack Propagation Monitoring Using Fibre Bragg Grating Sensors
by Magdalena Mieloszyk
Vibration 2021, 4(3), 700-721; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration4030039 - 3 Sep 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3028
Abstract
The paper presents the analysis of the possibility of fatigue crack detection and monitoring its propagation process using fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. The investigations were carried out on an aluminium alloy sample (a part of the Mi-2 helicopter rotor blade). During the [...] Read more.
The paper presents the analysis of the possibility of fatigue crack detection and monitoring its propagation process using fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. The investigations were carried out on an aluminium alloy sample (a part of the Mi-2 helicopter rotor blade). During the fatigue test, the sample was equipped with FBG sensors applied for strain measurement and the vibration-based strain monitoring. It was observed that the strain curves determined by the FBG sensors agreed well with the fatigue force profile. However, the strain curves were almost insensitive to the crack propagation process, except in the last stage of the test, when the crack length was equal to 25 mm. The strain values and the natural frequencies of the sample that were determined experimentally were compared with the values achieved from the finite element method model, with both methods showing good agreement. Additionally, spectrogram-based analyses were performed, focused on the acoustic waves phenomena related to a crack propagation process. It was confirmed that the proposed signal processing method, based on spectrogram analyses, can be applied for the detection of fatigue crack development in metal structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Monitoring and Non-Destructive Evaluation of Structures)
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14 pages, 5411 KiB  
Article
Guided Wave Inspection of Bars in Reinforced-Concrete Beams Using Surface-Mounted Vibration Sensors
by Evelyne El Masri, Timothy Waters and Neil Ferguson
Vibration 2020, 3(4), 343-356; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration3040023 - 27 Sep 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3922
Abstract
Steel reinforcement bars (rebars) in concrete structures are inaccessible and not conducive to many inspection methods. This paper proposes a non-invasive technique based on guided waves for detecting localised abnormalities in rebars embedded in concrete beams. The technique is predicated on previously published [...] Read more.
Steel reinforcement bars (rebars) in concrete structures are inaccessible and not conducive to many inspection methods. This paper proposes a non-invasive technique based on guided waves for detecting localised abnormalities in rebars embedded in concrete beams. The technique is predicated on previously published observations that guided waves are strongly reflected by discontinuities at the frequency at which they begin to propagate, i.e., at cut-on. The reflection coefficient at cut-on is estimated using a simple wave decomposition in which a near-zero wavenumber value is assumed. A simulated study is first carried out to evaluate the technique on a concrete beam featuring four rebars. The wave finite element approach is adopted to model two uniform beams which are coupled via a short, damaged section modelled in conventional finite element analysis. Estimated reflection coefficients arising from the discontinuity are close to the true values at cut-on and independent of frequency elsewhere, so that no prior knowledge of cut-on frequencies is required. Three steel-reinforced concrete beams were fabricated—one uniform and two with localised rebar damage—and reflection coefficients were estimated from measured transfer functions. As predicted, abrupt deviations in the reflection coefficient occurred at cut-on frequencies for both damaged beams. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Monitoring and Non-Destructive Evaluation of Structures)
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Review

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35 pages, 4665 KiB  
Review
Sensor Networks for Structures Health Monitoring: Placement, Implementations, and Challenges—A Review
by Samir Mustapha, Ye Lu, Ching-Tai Ng and Pawel Malinowski
Vibration 2021, 4(3), 551-585; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration4030033 - 10 Jul 2021
Cited by 43 | Viewed by 6868
Abstract
The development of structural health monitoring (SHM) systems and their integration in actual structures has become a necessity as it can provide a robust and low-cost solution for monitoring the structural integrity of and the ability to predict the remaining life of structures. [...] Read more.
The development of structural health monitoring (SHM) systems and their integration in actual structures has become a necessity as it can provide a robust and low-cost solution for monitoring the structural integrity of and the ability to predict the remaining life of structures. In this review, we aim at focusing on one of the important issues of SHM, the design, and implementation of sensor networks. Location and number of sensors, in any SHM system, are of high importance as they impact the system integration, system performance, and accuracy of assessment, as well as the total cost. Hence we are interested in shedding the light on the sensor networks as an essential component of SHM systems. The review discusses several important parameters including design and optimization of sensor networks, development of academic and commercial solutions, powering of sensors, data communication, data transmission, and analytics. Finally, we presented some successful case studies including the challenges and limitations associated with the sensor networks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Monitoring and Non-Destructive Evaluation of Structures)
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Other

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21 pages, 16622 KiB  
Case Report
Measurement and Analysis of Inadequate Friction Mechanisms in Liquid-Buffered Mechanical Seals Utilizing Acoustic Emission Technique
by Manuel Medina-Arenas, Fabian Sopp, Johannes Stolle, Matthias Schley, René Kamieth and Florian Wassermann
Vibration 2021, 4(1), 263-283; https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration4010018 - 18 Mar 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3560
Abstract
Mechanical seals play an important role in the reliability of a process. Currently, the condition monitoring of mechanical seals is restricted due to the limitations of the traditional monitoring methods, including classical vibration analysis. For this reason, the objective of the present work [...] Read more.
Mechanical seals play an important role in the reliability of a process. Currently, the condition monitoring of mechanical seals is restricted due to the limitations of the traditional monitoring methods, including classical vibration analysis. For this reason, the objective of the present work is the detection and analysis of friction mechanisms inside a mechanical seal that are unfavorable and induce fault conditions using the acoustic emission technique, which allows the measurement of high-frequency vibrations that arise due to material fatigue processes on a microscopic scale. For this purpose, several fault condition modes were induced on a test rig of an agitator vessel system with a double-acting mechanical seal and its buffer fluid system. It was possible to detect the presence of inadequate friction mechanisms due to the absence and limited use of lubrication, as well as the presence of abrasive wear, by measuring a change in the properties of the acoustic emissions. Operation under fault condition modes was analyzed using the acoustic emission technique before an increase in the leakage rate was evaluated using traditional monitoring methods. The high friction due to the deficient lubrication was characterized by a pattern in the high-frequency range that consisted of the harmonics of a fundamental frequency of about 33 kHz. These results demonstrate the feasibility of a condition monitoring system for mechanical seals using the acoustic emission technique. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Monitoring and Non-Destructive Evaluation of Structures)
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