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CFD Modelling of Free Surface Flows
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CFD Modelling of Free Surface Flows

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 March 2022) | Viewed by 7023

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Agostino Lauria

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
Interests: turbulence; CFD; free surface flows; Navier–Stokes equations; vortical structures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Computation of free surfaces is very complex because of the continuous change in the location of fluid particles. This Special Edition, entitled “CFD Modelling of Free Surface Flows”, aims to highlight research on the improvement of special methods developed for the computation of free surface flows. This can include research studies on the capillary and wetting phenomena in free surface flows, geophysical free surface flows (rivers, lakes, glaciers, and ocean), hydraulic jumps, diffraction of water waves induced by fluid structure interaction and sloshing dynamics.

This Special Issue aims to gather original research, review, and state-of-the-art articles focused on modelling free surface flows following numerical approaches.

Dr. Agostino Lauria
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • free surface flows
  • computational methods
  • waves
  • fluid structure interaction
  • hydraulic jumps
  • diffraction

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4472 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Water Measurements in an Irrigation Canal System Based on Experimental Data and the CFD Model
by Hu Xu, Zhenhua Wang, Wenhao Li and Qiuliang Wang
Water 2021, 13(21), 3102; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13213102 - 4 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2966
Abstract
Due to their convenience, water measuring structures have become an important means of measuring water in irrigation canal systems However, relevant research on upstream and downstream water-depth monitoring point locations is scarce. Our study aims to determine the functional relationship between the locations [...] Read more.
Due to their convenience, water measuring structures have become an important means of measuring water in irrigation canal systems However, relevant research on upstream and downstream water-depth monitoring point locations is scarce. Our study aims to determine the functional relationship between the locations of the water-depth monitoring points and the opening width of the sluice. We established 14 trunk-channel and branch-channel hydrodynamic models. The locations of the water-depth monitoring points for the upstream and downstream reaches and their hydraulic characteristics were assessed using a numerical simulation and hydraulic test. The results showed that the locations of the upstream and downstream water-depth monitoring points were, respectively, 16.26 and 15.51 times the width of the sluice. The average error between the calculated flow rate and the simulated value was 14.37%; the average error between the flow rates calculated by the modified and the simulated values was 3.36%. To further verify the accuracy of the modified discharge calculation formula, by comparing the measured values, we reduced the average error of the modified formula by 19.29% compared with the standard formula. This research provides new insights into optimizing water measurements in irrigation canal systems. The results provide an engineering basis for the site selection of water-depth monitoring points that is suitable to be widely applied in the field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CFD Modelling of Free Surface Flows)
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23 pages, 14457 KiB  
Article
Numerical Investigation of Hydraulics in a Vertical Slot Fishway with Upgraded Configurations
by Mohammad Ahmadi, Amir Ghaderi, Hossein MohammadNezhad, Alban Kuriqi and Silvia Di Francesco
Water 2021, 13(19), 2711; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13192711 - 30 Sep 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3285
Abstract
The implementation of vertical slot fishway (VSF) has been demonstrated to be an effective mitigation measure to alleviate extensive river fragmentation by artificial hydraulic structures such as weirs and dams. However, non-suitable flow velocity and turbulent kinetic energy significantly affect fish swimming behavior [...] Read more.
The implementation of vertical slot fishway (VSF) has been demonstrated to be an effective mitigation measure to alleviate extensive river fragmentation by artificial hydraulic structures such as weirs and dams. However, non-suitable flow velocity and turbulent kinetic energy significantly affect fish swimming behavior and, as a result, hinder such facilities’ performance. Therefore, this study’s main objective is to propose a new configuration of VSF that can allow the passage of different fish species under frequent variations of flow discharge. To achieve that objective several novel configurations of VSF were numerically investigated using the FLOW-3D® model. Namely, five variants of angles between baffles, four different pool widths, and another upgraded version of VSF by introducing cylindrical elements positioned after the opening behind the baffles were tested. Results show that smaller angles between baffles increase the Vmax and decrease the maximum turbulent kinetic energy (TKEmax); the opposite result was obtained when increasing angles between baffles. Namely, the Vmax was increased up to 17.9% for α = 0° and decreased up to 20.37% for α = 37°; in contrast, TKEmax decreased up to −20% for α = 0° and increased up to 26.5% for α = 37°. Narrowing the pool width increased the Vmax linearly; nevertheless, it did not significantly affect the TKEmax as the maximum difference was only +3.5%. Using cylinders with a large diameter decreased the Vmax and increased TKEmax; in contrast, using cylinders with smaller diameters further reduced the Vmax velocity inside the pool while increasing the TKEmax. However, in the case of cylinders, the dimension of the recirculation depended on the configuration and arrangement of the cylinder within the pool. Overall, the maximum velocity was reached at near 77% of the water depth in all cases. Finally, solution-oriented findings resulted from this study would help water engineers to design cost-effective VSF fishways to support the sustainable development of hydraulic structures while preserving aquatic biodiversity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CFD Modelling of Free Surface Flows)
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