Recent Advances in Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology

Abstract submission deadline

1 October 2025

Manuscript submission deadline

1 December 2025

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Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nowadays, veterinary pharmacology and toxicology should be regarded as disciplines contributing to the “One Health” paradigm, reducing risk at the animal–human ecosystem. The use of antibiotics plays a crucial role in maintaining the safety, health, and rapid development of the animal husbandry industry. In the past 30 years, the fields of veterinary pharmacology and toxicology have experienced rapid development and achieved a series of important results. For example, in 2015, Chinese scientists from the fields of veterinary pharmacology and toxicology first discovered the colistin resistance gene MCR-1. Currently, the development of new veterinary drugs and the rational use of existing antibacterial drugs are hot topics in this field, and some progress has been made in recent years. Therefore, we call on scientists in this field to submit their latest research, including but not limited to bacterial resistance, combination therapy, drug toxicology and molecular mechanisms, and new drug development. We hope to attract more scholars to veterinary pharmacology and toxicology and promote the exchange and development of these disciplines through this Topic.

Prof. Dr. Chongshan Dai
Prof. Dr. Jichang Li
Topic Editors

Keywords

Participating Journals

Journal Name	Impact Factor	CiteScore	Launched Year	First Decision (median)	APC
Antioxidants antioxidants	6.0	10.6	2012	16.9 Days	CHF 2900	Submit
Journal of Xenobiotics jox	6.8	5.3	2011	28 Days	CHF 1600	Submit
Metabolites metabolites	3.5	5.7	2011	16.1 Days	CHF 2700	Submit
Molecules molecules	4.2	7.4	1996	15.1 Days	CHF 2700	Submit
Toxics toxics	3.9	4.5	2013	18.3 Days	CHF 2600	Submit
Veterinary Sciences vetsci	2.0	2.9	2014	21.2 Days	CHF 2100	Submit
International Journal of Molecular Sciences ijms	4.9	8.1	2000	16.8 Days	CHF 2900	Submit

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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All Antioxidants JoX Metabolites Molecules Toxics Veterinary Sciences IJMS

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23 pages, 45263 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Isorhamnetin Ameliorates Non-Esterified Fatty Acid-Induced Apoptosis, Lipid Accumulation, and Oxidative Stress in Bovine Endometrial Epithelial Cells via Inhibiting the MAPK Signaling Pathway

by Haimiao Lv, Lijuan Liu, Wenna Zou, Ying Yang, Yuan Li, Shengji Yang, Aixin Liang and Liguo Yang

Antioxidants 2025, 14(2), 156; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14020156 - 28 Jan 2025

Viewed by 379

Abstract

High concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) in the blood contribute to various metabolic disorders and are linked to endometritis in dairy cows. Isorhamnetin (ISO), a flavonoid found in many plants, is known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity properties. This study systematically [...] Read more.

High concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) in the blood contribute to various metabolic disorders and are linked to endometritis in dairy cows. Isorhamnetin (ISO), a flavonoid found in many plants, is known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity properties. This study systematically assessed NEFA-induced damage in bovine endometrial epithelial cells (bEECs) and investigated whether ISO alleviates NEFA-induced cell damage and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Our observations revealed that excessive NEFA inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in bEECs, accompanied by an increase in the expression of BAX and cleaved caspase-3. We further observed that NEFA could induce lipid accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and the release of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in bEECs. RNA sequencing and Western blot analysis revealed that NEFA induced damage in bEECs by activating MAPK signaling pathway. Notably, ISO treatment ameliorated these effects induced by NEFA, as evidenced by decreased protein levels of BAX, cleaved caspase-3, and PPAR-γ, along with reductions in triglyceride content, ROS generation, and levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Mechanistically, our experimental results demonstrated that ISO inhibited NEFA-induced activation of MAPK signaling. Overall, ISO shows promise for therapeutic development to address NEFA-related endometritis in dairy cows. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Recent Advances in Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology)

11 pages, 3373 KiB  

Open AccessCommunication

Tea Polyphenols Relieve the Fluoride-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cell Model

by Chunyan Xie, Shuyi Niu and Wen Tian

Toxics 2025, 13(2), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020083 - 24 Jan 2025

Viewed by 421

Abstract

Prolonged excessive intake of fluoride (F) can result in fluorosis, leading to a range of tissue oxidative damages. Therefore, mitigating the oxidative stress induced by fluorosis has become a significant research concern. Consequently, how to relieve oxidative stress caused by fluorosis is an [...] Read more.

Prolonged excessive intake of fluoride (F) can result in fluorosis, leading to a range of tissue oxidative damages. Therefore, mitigating the oxidative stress induced by fluorosis has become a significant research concern. Consequently, how to relieve oxidative stress caused by fluorosis is an urgent matter. In the present study, intestinal porcine epithelial (IPEC-J2) cells were chosen to explore the underlying mechanism of tea polyphenols (TPs) on F-induced oxidative stress. The results show that the cytotoxicity of IPEC-J2 cells induced by F presented a dose-dependent manner according to cell viability. Additionally, F treatment inhibited the activity of T-SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px as well as their transcription levels, increased the reactive oxygen (ROS) formation and cell damage rates, and then promoted cell apoptosis through the results of TUNEL and mitochondrial membrane potential detection when compared with the IPEC-J2 cells from the control group. As the main antioxidant ingredient in tea, TPs alleviated F-induced cell oxidation and apoptosis via blocking F-induced ROS generation and LDH’s release, as well as promoting the transcription of tight junction (TJ) proteins and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in IPEC-J2 cells. These results provide a new treatment strategy for F-induced intestinal oxidative impairment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Recent Advances in Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology)

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19 pages, 4894 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Extraction and Identification of Polysaccharide from Lentinus edodes and Its Effect on Immunosuppression and Intestinal Barrier Injury Induced by Cyclophosphamide

by Xiaodi Jin, Zhiyong Wu, Hao Chen, Weiqi Liu, Fuhua Gu and Jichang Li

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(22), 12432; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252212432 - 19 Nov 2024

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Abstract

Lentinus edodes serves as a significant source of both medicine and food, with its key component, lentinan (LNT), recognized as an effective immunomodulator. However, the mechanisms by which it regulates immune and intestinal functions under conditions of immunosuppression remain unclear. This study aims [...] Read more.

Lentinus edodes serves as a significant source of both medicine and food, with its key component, lentinan (LNT), recognized as an effective immunomodulator. However, the mechanisms by which it regulates immune and intestinal functions under conditions of immunosuppression remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the components of lentinan and examine its potential effects on countering cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced immunosuppression, intestinal barrier damage, and dysregulation of gut microbiota. In this study, the effects of LNT were evaluated by serological indicators, histopathological changes in ileum, tight-junction-related protein expression, cytokine expression levels, and gut microbiota 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found that LNT was effective in mitigating the abnormalities in body weight, immune organ index, and serum levels of IL-6, IL-2, IFN-γ, and IgG in mice induced by CP (p < 0.05). Furthermore, LNT demonstrated the ability to alleviate intestinal barrier damage induced by CP by increasing the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, Occludin, and ZO-1 (p < 0.05). Additionally, 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that LNT also normalized the disrupted abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidets caused by CP. This restoration brought the gut microbiota back to normal levels and increased the abundance of certain tumor-inhibiting bacteria, such as Alistipes. Overall, lentinan demonstrated the ability to reverse the immunosuppressive effects induced by cyclophosphamide and modulate gut microbiota to restore a healthy microbial balance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Recent Advances in Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology)
(This article belongs to the Section Bioactives and Nutraceuticals)

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18 pages, 4460 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Ellagic Acid Reduces Cadmium Exposure-Induced Apoptosis in HT22 Cells via Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway

by Yue Liu, Chunhong Chen, Zhihui Hao, Jianzhong Shen, Shusheng Tang and Chongshan Dai

Antioxidants 2024, 13(11), 1296; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13111296 - 25 Oct 2024

Viewed by 1077

Abstract

Exposure to cadmium sulfate (CdSO₄) can lead to neurotoxicity. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear, and effective treatment strategies are scarce. This study explored the protective effects of ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenolic compound, against CdSO [...] Read more.

Exposure to cadmium sulfate (CdSO₄) can lead to neurotoxicity. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear, and effective treatment strategies are scarce. This study explored the protective effects of ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenolic compound, against CdSO₄ exposure-induced neurotoxicity in HT22 cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our findings demonstrated that exposure of HT22 cells to CdSO₄ resulted in apoptosis, which was effectively reversed by EA in a dose-dependent manner. EA supplementation also decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial ROS production, reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and restored the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Additionally, EA supplementation at 5–20 μM significantly counteracted Cd-induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the decrease of ATP and reduced the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression. Furthermore, EA supplementation resulted in the upregulation of Nrf2 and HO-1 protein and mRNAs while simultaneously downregulating the phosphorylation of JNK and p38 proteins. The pharmacological inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) partially attenuated the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway induced by CdSO₄ and exacerbated its cytotoxic effects. In conclusion, our findings suggest that ethyl acetate (EA) supplementation offers protective effects against CdSO₄-induced apoptosis in HT22 cells by inhibiting oxidative stress and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the activation of the JNK pathway appears to play a protective role in CdSO₄-induced apoptosis in HT22 cells. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Recent Advances in Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology)

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24 pages, 5596 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Rosmarinic Acid Attenuates Salmonella enteritidis-Induced Inflammation via Regulating TLR9/NF-κB Signaling Pathway and Intestinal Microbiota

by Dandan Yi, Menghui Wang, Xia Liu, Lanqian Qin, Yu Liu, Linyi Zhao, Ying Peng, Zhengmin Liang and Jiakang He

Antioxidants 2024, 13(10), 1265; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13101265 - 18 Oct 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1167

Abstract

Salmonella enteritidis (SE) infection disrupts the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota, causing an intestinal inflammatory response and posing a great threat to human and animal health. The unreasonable use of antibiotics has led to an increase in the prevalence of drug-resistant [...] Read more.

Salmonella enteritidis (SE) infection disrupts the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota, causing an intestinal inflammatory response and posing a great threat to human and animal health. The unreasonable use of antibiotics has led to an increase in the prevalence of drug-resistant SE, increasing the difficulty of controlling SE. Therefore, new drug strategies and research are urgently needed to control SE. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural phenolic acid with various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. However, the protective effects and mechanism of RA on intestinal inflammation and the gut microbial disorders caused by SE have not been fully elucidated. In this study, RAW264.7 cells, MCECs and BALB/c mice were challenged with SE to assess the protective effects and mechanisms of RA. The results showed that RA enhanced the phagocytic ability of RAW264.7 cells, reduced the invasion and adhesion ability of SE in MCECs, and inhibited SE-induced inflammation in cells. Moreover, RA inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by upregulating TLR9 expression. Importantly, we found that RA provided protection against SE and increased the diversity and abundance of the intestinal microbiota in mice. Compared with infection control, RA significantly increased the abundance of Firmicutes and Acidibacteria and decreased the abundance of Proteobacteria, Epsilonbacteraeota and Bacteroidota. However, RA failed to alleviate SE-induced inflammation and lost its regulatory effects on the TLR9/NF-κB signaling pathway after destroying the gut microbiota with broad-spectrum antibiotics. These results indicated that RA attenuated SE-induced inflammation by regulating the TLR9/NF-κB signaling pathway and maintaining the homeostasis of the gut microbiota. Our study provides a new strategy for preventing SE-induced intestinal inflammation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Recent Advances in Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology)

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21 pages, 2419 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Ozone Therapy in the Integrated Treatment of Female Dogs with Mammary Cancer: Oxidative Profile and Quality of Life

by Laís Pereira Silva, Ricardo Wagner Portela, Marília Carneiro Machado, Gisele André Baptista Canuto, João Moreira Costa-Neto, Vitor de Moraes Pina de Carvalho, Hanna Carvalho de Sá, Karine Araújo Damasceno, Vinicius Ricardo Cuña de Souza, Clarisse Simões Coelho and Alessandra Estrela-Lima

Antioxidants 2024, 13(6), 673; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13060673 - 30 May 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1828

Abstract

Considering the high frequency of malignant breast tumors, there is a growing search for new therapeutic strategies that control neoplastic growth and dissemination, combined with fewer adverse reactions. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of ozone therapy in female dogs with mammary cancer [...] Read more.

Considering the high frequency of malignant breast tumors, there is a growing search for new therapeutic strategies that control neoplastic growth and dissemination, combined with fewer adverse reactions. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of ozone therapy in female dogs with mammary cancer undergoing chemotherapy treatment. Twenty-five canines diagnosed with malignant mammary neoplasia were divided into two groups: one treated with carboplatin alone (n = 11) and the other with carboplatin associated with ozone therapy (n = 14). Clinical and laboratory evaluations, mastectomy, analysis of the oxidative profile based on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and serum concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), survival rate, and quality of life were performed. Animals in the ozone therapy group had higher concentrations of red blood cells and platelets, significantly improving the survival rate and quality of life. Furthermore, adverse reactions were less intense and frequent in this group, which was associated with an increase in TAC and a reduction in MDA. These results indicate that the combination of carboplatin and ozone therapy represents a promising complementary treatment for female dogs with mammary cancer, as it was associated with fewer adverse reactions and a better oxidative profile. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Recent Advances in Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology)

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