Porphyrinoids Photosensitizers for Biomedical Applications

Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

The rapid spread of problems associated with drug resistance towards the present usage of chemotherapeutics necessitates the research and development of new natural and synthetic photosensitive compounds (photosensitizers) for biomedical applications. Well-known porphyrinoids such as porphyrins, phthalocyanines, and their related derivatives are of interest for the development of more effective original photosensitive molecules. Attempts to combine the best of their properties aim to facilitate optical diagnosis by fluorescence and local treatment owning to photosensitization. The curative method known as photodynamic therapy (PDT) has photodynamic action and has received research interest for more than a century. The scope of the present Topic is to collect the best of the recent developments made in the use of porphyrinoid photosensitizers in synthetic schemes, chemical and optical characterization, and the evaluation of photobiological properties as new-generation photosensitizers. We seek to collect novel studies conducted in the area of photochemistry science, as well as in photobiology research investigations, evaluations of their efficacy in PDT and fluorescent diagnosis, and in their application as theranostics agents. Original papers from prominent colleagues working in multidisciplinary areas of chemistry, biology, and biophysics will be highly appreciated.

Dr. Ivan Angelov
Dr. Vanya N. Mantareva
Dr. Vesselin Kussovski
Topic Editors

Keywords

Participating Journals

Journal Name	Impact Factor	CiteScore	Launched Year	First Decision (median)	APC
Biology biology	3.6	5.7	2012	16.1 Days	CHF 2700
Biomolecules biomolecules	4.8	9.4	2011	16.3 Days	CHF 2700
Current Issues in Molecular Biology cimb	2.8	2.9	1999	16.8 Days	CHF 2200
International Journal of Molecular Sciences ijms	4.9	8.1	2000	18.1 Days	CHF 2900
Pharmaceuticals pharmaceuticals	4.3	6.1	2004	12.8 Days	CHF 2900

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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All Biology Biomolecules CIMB IJMS Pharmaceuticals

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17 pages, 2355 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Alteration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Glioblastoma Multiforme under the Influence of Photodynamic Treatment

by Kalina Tumangelova-Yuzeir, Krassimir Minkin, Ivan Angelov, Ekaterina Ivanova-Todorova, Ekaterina Kurteva, Georgi Vasilev, Jeliazko Arabadjiev, Petar Karazapryanov, Kaloyan Gabrovski, Lidia Zaharieva, Tsanislava Genova and Dobroslav Kyurkchiev

Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2023, 45(3), 2580-2596; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb45030169 - 21 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3162

Abstract

The central hypothesis for the development of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) postulates that the tumor begins its development by transforming neural stem cells into cancer stem cells (CSC). Recently, it has become clear that another kind of stem cell, the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), [...] Read more.

The central hypothesis for the development of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) postulates that the tumor begins its development by transforming neural stem cells into cancer stem cells (CSC). Recently, it has become clear that another kind of stem cell, the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), plays a role in the tumor stroma. Mesenchymal stem cells, along with their typical markers, can express neural markers and are capable of neural transdifferentiation. From this perspective, it is hypothesized that MSCs can give rise to CSC. In addition, MSCs suppress the immune cells through direct contact and secretory factors. Photodynamic therapy aims to selectively accumulate a photosensitizer in neoplastic cells, forming reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon irradiation, initiating death pathways. In our experiments, MSCs from 15 glioblastomas (GB-MSC) were isolated and cultured. The cells were treated with 5-ALA and irradiated. Flow cytometry and ELISA were used to detect the marker expression and soluble-factor secretion. The MSCs’ neural markers, Nestin, Sox2, and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), were down-regulated, but the expression levels of the mesenchymal markers CD73, CD90, and CD105 were retained. The GB-MSCs also reduced their expression of PD-L1 and increased their secretion of PGE2. Our results give us grounds to speculate that the photodynamic impact on GB-MSCs reduces their capacity for neural transdifferentiation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Porphyrinoids Photosensitizers for Biomedical Applications)

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17 pages, 5707 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

The In Vitro and In Vivo Anticancer Effect of Photomed for Photodynamic Therapy: Comparison with Photofrin and Radachlorin

by Jieun Kim, Johyun Kim, Heewon Yoon, Yoon-Jee Chae, Kiyon Rhew and Ji-Eun Chang

Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2023, 45(3), 2474-2490; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb45030162 - 17 Mar 2023

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2062

Abstract

To overcome the limitation of conventional cancer treatments, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been introduced as another treatment option. PDT provides a non-invasive, non-surgical way with reduced toxicity. To improve the antitumor efficacy of PDT, we synthesized a novel photosensitizer, a 3-substituted methyl pyropheophorbide-a [...] Read more.

To overcome the limitation of conventional cancer treatments, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been introduced as another treatment option. PDT provides a non-invasive, non-surgical way with reduced toxicity. To improve the antitumor efficacy of PDT, we synthesized a novel photosensitizer, a 3-substituted methyl pyropheophorbide-a derivative (Photomed). The purpose of the study was to evaluate the antitumor effect of PDT with Photomed comparing with the clinically approved photosensitizers Photofrin and Radachlorin. The cytotoxicity assay against SCC VII cells (murine squamous cell carcinoma) was performed to determine whether Photomed is safe without PDT and whether Photomed is effective against cancer cells with PDT. An in vivo anticancer efficacy study was also performed using SCC VII tumor-bearing mice. The mice were divided into small-tumor and large-tumor groups to identify whether Photomed-induced PDT is effective for not only small tumors but also large tumors. From in vitro and in vivo studies, Photomed was confirmed to be (1) a safe photosensitizer without laser irradiation, (2) the most effective photosensitizer with PDT against cancers compared to Photofrin and Radachlorin and (3) effective with PDT in treating not only small tumors but also large tumors. In conclusion, Photomed may contribute as a novel, potential photosensitizer for use in PDT cancer treatment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Porphyrinoids Photosensitizers for Biomedical Applications)

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