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Nutrients
Volume 17
Issue 3
10.3390/nu17030543
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Article

Dental Caries, Tooth Erosion and Nutritional Habits in a Cohort of Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study

by
Baptiste Mielle
,
André Júdice
,
Luís Proença
,
Vanessa Machado
,
Ana M. Vieira
,
José João Mendes
,
Cristina Manso
,
Cecília Rozan
* and
João Botelho
Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2025, 17(3), 543; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17030543
Submission received: 9 January 2025 / Revised: 29 January 2025 / Accepted: 30 January 2025 / Published: 31 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sports Nutrition: Current and Novel Insights—2nd Edition)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background/Objectives: this study aimed to study the association of dental caries and erosion in athletes with dietary and oral health habits. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at the Sports Dentistry department of a university clinic. Intraoral examination included the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) index and the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE). A questionnaire was completed with sociodemographic data, and dietary and oral hygiene habits. An inferential and multivariable regression analysis was performed to study the association of dental caries and erosion with confounding variables. Results: A total of 80 athletes were included. The prevalence of dental caries and erosion was 50.0% and 40%, respectively. Significant associations were observed between self-perceived oral health and caries lesions, with “Good” (−5.01, p < 0.001) and “Very good” (−5.46, p < 0.001) perceptions linked to fewer lesions. BEWE scores revealed significant associations with meal frequency uncertainty (−12.56, p = 0.014) and uncertainty about the last dental visit (8.82, p = 0.014). Self-perceived oral health as “Good” or “Very good” was associated with lower dental erosion (p < 0.010). Other demographic and behavioral factors were not significantly associated with caries or erosion. Conclusions: this cohort of athletes exhibited a high prevalence of dental caries and erosion, with associated dietary and oral hygiene habits. These results highlight the need for targeted dietary counseling and oral health education for athletes, whose nutritional needs may lead to increased consumption of sugar-rich diets.
Keywords: sports dentistry; sports nutrition; dental erosion; dental caries sports dentistry; sports nutrition; dental erosion; dental caries

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mielle, B.; Júdice, A.; Proença, L.; Machado, V.; Vieira, A.M.; Mendes, J.J.; Manso, C.; Rozan, C.; Botelho, J. Dental Caries, Tooth Erosion and Nutritional Habits in a Cohort of Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2025, 17, 543. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17030543

AMA Style

Mielle B, Júdice A, Proença L, Machado V, Vieira AM, Mendes JJ, Manso C, Rozan C, Botelho J. Dental Caries, Tooth Erosion and Nutritional Habits in a Cohort of Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2025; 17(3):543. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17030543

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mielle, Baptiste, André Júdice, Luís Proença, Vanessa Machado, Ana M. Vieira, José João Mendes, Cristina Manso, Cecília Rozan, and João Botelho. 2025. "Dental Caries, Tooth Erosion and Nutritional Habits in a Cohort of Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study" Nutrients 17, no. 3: 543. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17030543

APA Style

Mielle, B., Júdice, A., Proença, L., Machado, V., Vieira, A. M., Mendes, J. J., Manso, C., Rozan, C., & Botelho, J. (2025). Dental Caries, Tooth Erosion and Nutritional Habits in a Cohort of Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients, 17(3), 543. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17030543

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