Effects of Sanitizers on Microbiological Control of Hatching Eggshells and Poultry Health during Embryogenesis and Early Stages after Hatching in the Last Decade
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Eggshell and Its Contamination
3. Sanitizers and the Sanitization of Hatching Eggs
3.1. Articles and Search Criteria
3.2. Objective, Optimal Timing and Methods for Sanitizing Hatching Eggs
- Fumigation: the release of sanitizing vapors on the surface of hatching eggshells in an enclosed space.
- Spraying: the dispersion of a sanitizing mist on the surface of hatching eggs.
- Immersion: the act of immersing hatching eggs in sanitizer until there is an interaction between them.
3.3. Formaldehyde
4. Sanitizers and Their Effects on the Microbiological Quality of Hatching Eggshells and the Health and Survival of Poultry in the Developmental Phase and Early Period after Hatching
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study (Reference) | Effect on Eggshell Microbial Count * | Effect on Hatchability * |
[31] | Non-evaluated | No effects |
[32] | No effects | No effects |
[33] | - | No effects |
[34] | Reduced | Increased |
[35] | Reduced | Non-evaluated |
[36] | - | Increased |
[37] | Reduced | Non-evaluated |
[38] | Reduced | No effects |
[2] | Reduced | Increased |
[39] | Non-evaluated | Increased |
Study (Reference) | Some Reports of Adverse Effects on Embryos and Chicks | |
[40] | Underweight, underdeveloped and malformed embryos. | |
[41] | Increased embryonic mortality in the early stage. | |
[42,43,44] | Reduced chick survival rate in the first post-hatch week. | |
[45] | Increased embryonic mortality in early, mid and late stages. | |
[46] | Reduced chick quality score as a result of slow activities and high number of unclosed navels. |
Study (Reference) | Sanitizer | Effect on Eggshell Microbial Count * | Effect on Hatchability * |
---|---|---|---|
[31] | Ozone | - | No effects |
[48,49] | Propolis | Reduced | No effects |
[50] | PotoClean | Reduced | - |
[32] | Orthophenylphenol | Reduced | No effects |
Stabilized hydrogen peroxide + peracetic acid + acetic acid | |||
Sodium hypochlorite + chlorine dioxide + sodium chlorite + ozone + water | |||
[51] | Ethanol | Reduced | No effects |
[52] | Propolis | Reduced | No effects |
[18] | Ultrasonic waves | - | Increased |
[53] | Bac-D | Reduced | No effects |
[54] | Quaternary ammoniums + bronopol + biguanide | Reduced | - |
Quaternary ammoniums + polyhexamethylenebiguanide hydrochloride moiety | |||
Hydrogen peroxide | |||
Ammonium chlorides + hydrogen peroxide | |||
Quaternary ammoniums | |||
[34] | Propolis | Reduced | Increased |
Thyme essential oil | |||
[55] | Quaternary ammoniums + a polyhexamethylenebiguanide hydrochloride moiety | Reduced | Reduced (commercial facility testing) and no effects (lab testing) |
[56] | Biosentry 904 | - | No effects |
Egg-Washer-Pro | |||
Virkon S | |||
[57] | Trans-cinnamaldehyde | Reduced | - |
Eugenol | |||
[7] | Ultraviolet light | - | No effects |
[58] | Ultrasonic waves | Reduced | No effects |
[40] | Hydrogen peroxide | Reduced | - |
Sodium chloride | |||
Betadine | |||
Virkon S | |||
Cumin essential oil | |||
Oregano essential oil | |||
Cumin + oregano essential oils | |||
[59] | Hydrogen peroxide + ultraviolet irradiation | Reduced | - |
[35] | Sodium dichlorocyanurate | Reduced | - |
Hydrogen peroxide | Reduced | ||
Electrolyzed oxidizing water | No effects | ||
[3] | Virkon S | - | No effects |
[29] | Propolis | Reduced | - |
TH4 | |||
Virkon S | |||
[60] | Hydrogen peroxide + ultraviolet irradiation | Reduced | - |
[61] | Hydrogen peroxide | Reduced | Increased |
TH4 | |||
Virkon S | |||
[42] | Colloidal silver | Reduced | No effects |
[62] | Live yeast | Reduced | Increased |
[63] | Virocid | Reduced | - |
[64] | Amino-Steril | - | No effects |
Oxydion | |||
Viron FF | |||
Hydro-Clean | |||
[65] | Volatile pyrazines | Reduced | - |
[1] | Hydrogen peroxide | Reduced | Increased |
[66] | Nanosecond electron beam | Reduced | No effects |
[67] | Garlic oil | Reduced | Increased |
[8] | Hydrogen peroxide | Reduced | Reduced |
TH4 | |||
[68] | Lysozyme | Reduced | No effects |
[69] | Chlorine dioxide gas | Reduced | No effects |
[41] | Garlic extract | - | No effects |
[70] | Grapefruit juice | Reduced | No effects |
[37] | Ozone | No effects | - |
Ultraviolet light | Reduced | ||
Hydrogen peroxide | No effects | ||
Peracetic acid | No effects | ||
[43] | Propolis | No effects | No effects |
[71] | Olive oil | - | Reduced |
Albumin | |||
[72] | Hydrogen peroxide + ultraviolet light | Reduced | Increased |
[73] | Noni leaf extract | - | No effects |
[6] | Lemongrass essential oil | Reduced | Reduced |
Pedestrian tea essential oil | |||
Lemongrass + pedestrian tea essential oils | |||
[74] | Vinegar | Reduced | Increased |
[75] | Ozone | No effects | No effects |
Ultraviolet light | Reduced | ||
Hydrogen peroxide | No effects | ||
Peracetic acid | Reduced | ||
[2] | Clove essential oil | Reduced | Increased |
[5] | Propolis | - | Reduced |
Clove essential oil | No effects | ||
[76] | Fenugreek seed extract | - | No effects |
Oat seed extract | |||
Basil seed extract | |||
[77] | Eucalyptus alcoholic extract | Reduced | Increased |
[78] | Polydez | Reduced | - |
Sterylii AB | No effects | ||
Virosan | Reduced | ||
[79] | Dergall | Reduced | No effects |
[9] | Hydrogen peroxide | - | No effects |
Low-energy electron irradiation | |||
Peracetic acid | |||
Essential oil (not specified) | |||
[38] | Low-energy electron irradiation | Reduced | No effects |
[44] | Hydrogen peroxide | Reduced | No effects |
Ozone | Reduced | ||
[80] | Hydrogen peroxide | - | No effects |
[81] | Pulsed ultraviolet light | Reduced | No effects |
[82] | Oregano essential oil | - | Increased |
[83] | Ultraviolet light | Reduced | - |
[39] | Ozone | - | Increased |
Aldekol | |||
Virkon S | |||
[84] | Ozone | Reduced | No effects |
[85] | Garlic oil | - | Increased |
[46] | Oregano juice | Reduced | No effects |
[86] | Slightly acidic electrolysis | Reduced | No effects |
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Oliveira, G.d.S.; McManus, C.; Salgado, C.B.; dos Santos, V.M. Effects of Sanitizers on Microbiological Control of Hatching Eggshells and Poultry Health during Embryogenesis and Early Stages after Hatching in the Last Decade. Animals 2022, 12, 2826. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12202826
Oliveira GdS, McManus C, Salgado CB, dos Santos VM. Effects of Sanitizers on Microbiological Control of Hatching Eggshells and Poultry Health during Embryogenesis and Early Stages after Hatching in the Last Decade. Animals. 2022; 12(20):2826. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12202826
Chicago/Turabian StyleOliveira, Gabriel da Silva, Concepta McManus, Cristiane Batista Salgado, and Vinícius Machado dos Santos. 2022. "Effects of Sanitizers on Microbiological Control of Hatching Eggshells and Poultry Health during Embryogenesis and Early Stages after Hatching in the Last Decade" Animals 12, no. 20: 2826. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12202826
APA StyleOliveira, G. d. S., McManus, C., Salgado, C. B., & dos Santos, V. M. (2022). Effects of Sanitizers on Microbiological Control of Hatching Eggshells and Poultry Health during Embryogenesis and Early Stages after Hatching in the Last Decade. Animals, 12(20), 2826. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12202826