Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

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Open AccessCase Report

Primary Hyperparathyroidism Can Generate Recurrent Pancreatitis and Secondary Diabetes Mellitus—A Case Report

by Nicoleta Mîndrescu, Georgeta Văcaru, Emil Ștefănescu, Loreta Guja and Rucsandra Elena Dănciulescu Miulescu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 361-366; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P361366 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Introduction. Acute or recurrent pancreatitis may be a complication of primary hyperparathyroidism and patients with previous episodes of pancreatitis may develop secondary diabetes mellitus. Case report. We describe the clinical case of a 52-year old Caucasian man diagnosed with chronic recurrent [...] Read more.

Introduction. Acute or recurrent pancreatitis may be a complication of primary hyperparathyroidism and patients with previous episodes of pancreatitis may develop secondary diabetes mellitus. Case report. We describe the clinical case of a 52-year old Caucasian man diagnosed with chronic recurrent pancreatitis in 2007. The first episode of acute pancreatitis occurred in 2002, followed by another 4 episodes in 2004 and 2007. In 2004, papilosfincterectomy was implemented with a stent mount that was removed one month later. In 2005, the patient underwent a surgical intervention for the diagnosis of chronic lithiasis, and cholecystectomy was performed. Additional investigations on the etiology of recurrent chronic pancreatitis, initially diagnosed as idiopathic, revealed elevated values of total serum calcium, serum parathormone, and the presence of a parathyroid adenoma in the right lower pole of the thyroid. In September 2007, parathyroidectomy was performed with a favorable evolution and the remission of the acute pancreatitis episodes. The patient had not had any family history of diabetes; in 2017 he was diagnosed with diabetes. Conclusion. In cases of recurrent pancreatitis, screening for hyperparathyroidism is recommended. Metabolic evaluation is required, because the risk of developing diabetes in patients with recurrent pancreatitis is high. Full article

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Open AccessCase Report

Chronic Vulvar Paget’s Disease: A Therapeutic Challenge with a Review of the Literature

by Bouhani Malek, Zemni Ines, Fertani Yasmine, Bouzaiene Hatem and Rahal Khaled

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 356-360; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P356360 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Vulvar Paget’s disease is an uncommon adenocarcinoma of the female genital tract, occuring more often in postmenopausal Caucasian women and accounting for 1–2% of all vulvar malignancies. A 39-year-old female patient was examined for the erythematous and pruritic vulvar lesion, with biopsy and [...] Read more.

Vulvar Paget’s disease is an uncommon adenocarcinoma of the female genital tract, occuring more often in postmenopausal Caucasian women and accounting for 1–2% of all vulvar malignancies. A 39-year-old female patient was examined for the erythematous and pruritic vulvar lesion, with biopsy and histological examination revealing vulvar Paget’s disease. We did not diagnose any associated neoplasm. The patient underwent four surgical resections for relapsed disease, varying from local excision to extended excision, including radical vulvectomy, with esthetic coverage. The margins were involved. Due to the extended target volumes, radiotherapy was rejected and the patient underwent a local topical therapy with Imiquimod 5%. The patient was free of disease, with three years of regular follow-ups. This case was challenging due to the long recurrence of the disease for approximately 26 years and due to the therapeutics issues that occurred. Full article

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Open AccessCase Report

Breast Implant Illness: A Step Forward in Understanding This Complex Entity and the Impact of Social Media

by Răzvan Danciu, Cristina N. Marina, Valeriu Ardeleanu, Romeo Marin, Răzvan-Valentin Scăunașu and Laura Răducu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 351-355; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P351355 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Introduction. The number of implant-related complaints is constantly rising, a phenomenon probably accentuated by the extensive use of social media by patients. Material and method. A group of signs and symptoms considered to be caused by mammary implants is known as [...] Read more.

Introduction. The number of implant-related complaints is constantly rising, a phenomenon probably accentuated by the extensive use of social media by patients. Material and method. A group of signs and symptoms considered to be caused by mammary implants is known as “Breast Implant Illness”. This paper analyzes the increased number of posts by patients on social media in which they describe their symptoms, their disappointment with the decision of using breast implants, and the beneficial effects of explantation. The case of a patient with breast implants who visited our clinic is reported here. The patient complained of two palpable masses, located in the left axilla and in the superolateral quadrant of the left breast. The pathophysiological mechanism by which lymphadenopathy occurred after a long period of time remains uncertain. Discussion. A review of the literature was conducted to identify the underlying causes of implant-related complaints, allowing evaluation of the presence of local complications, cancer with large anaplastic cells, and autoimmune diseases. The possibility of a somatization effect has also been considered. Conclusions. Plastic surgeons must remain the best source of information, taking on the role of educating the patient in order to better understand this condition. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Can Intraoperative Manometry Influence the Outcome of the Surgical Treatment of Achalasia?

by Lucian Alecu, Iulian Slavu, Adrian Tulin, Daniela Mihaila, Robert Ivascu and Liliana Mirea

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 346-350; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P346350 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Introduction. Achalasia is defined as incomplete or even absent relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter secondary to the chronic degeneration of unspecified etiology of the myenteric nerve plexus. Material and method. The retrospective study extended over 1 year. The collected variables [...] Read more.

Introduction. Achalasia is defined as incomplete or even absent relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter secondary to the chronic degeneration of unspecified etiology of the myenteric nerve plexus. Material and method. The retrospective study extended over 1 year. The collected variables were: age, sex, type of surgical intervention, intraoperative manometry results, and postoperative complications. Results. We identified 8 patients. The mean operative time was 100 min. The use of manometry determined an increase in time of 30 to 40 min. Manometry was successfully achieved in all cases, although in one case the sensor could not pass through the lower esophagus, so a prior pneumatic dilation was required. Manometry has proven useful during fundoplication as it offers a direct view of the pressure produced when knots set at 12–15 mmHg with a length of 4–5 cm were tightened. Of the 8 patients, 6 required an increase in the length of the resection of the esophagus after the results of the intraoperative manometry were reviewed. Conclusion. In our opinion, after reviewing our experience and the literature data, intraoperative manometry should become a standard procedure in the laparoscopic treatment of achalasia. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Conservative Surgical Treatment in Cervical Dysplastic Lesions Associated with Cystorectocele

by Bogdan Marian Puca, Anca Daniela Braila, Cosmin Vasile Obleaga, Mihai Braila, Hany Saad, Cristian Lungulescu and Mihai Deca

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 340-345; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P340345 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

The treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia aims at removing the squamocolumnar junction area, including abnormal tissues, up to the healthy tissue. Old postpartum perineal tears associated with cystorectocele, hypertrophic cervical elongation, and first and second degree uterine prolapse are pelvic static disorders. Particular [...] Read more.

The treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia aims at removing the squamocolumnar junction area, including abnormal tissues, up to the healthy tissue. Old postpartum perineal tears associated with cystorectocele, hypertrophic cervical elongation, and first and second degree uterine prolapse are pelvic static disorders. Particular aspects of pelvic-genital static disorder are related to the vulnerability of the pelvic-perineal floor during birth. On the occasion of birth, especially when there are different forms of dystocia during labor, the degradation of soft pelvic, genital, and vaginal-perineal tissues can occur. The objective of this study was to re-evaluate the conservative treatment of cervical dysplasia, depending on the degree of cervical lesions, the surface extension, the age of the patients, and the pathology associated with cervical lesions – colpocele, cystorectocele, and urinary incontinence in the old postpartum perineal tears. In order to solve the three types of concomitant lesions, we used the Manchester operation: the anterior colporrhaphy with the recalibration of the urethra and the suspension of the cystocele, the minimal colpectomy, the lesional cervical amputation with the anterior fixation of the parameters, and the posterior colpoperineorrhaphy with high myorrhaphy of the levator ani muscles. The decision on the management of cervical dysplasia has taken into account the degree of cervical lesions, the extension on the surface, the patients’ age and the pregnancy planning, and the pathology associated with cervical lesions. The Manchester operation is a conservative surgical procedure, effective in women under 45 years old, multiparous, with present genital activity, with dysplastic cervical lesions and cystorectocele. It also solves cystorectocele, cervical dysplasia, hypertrophic cervical elongation, and first and second degree uterine prolapse. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Laparoscopic Resection of Gastric GISTs. Where Do We Stand Now? A Single-Centered Experience

by Iulian Slavu, Lucian Alecu, Adrian Tulin, Dana L. Stanculeanu and Cornelia Nitipir

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 334-339; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P334339 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Introduction. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) represent a rare type of gastrointestinal neoplasms. Resection with negative margins has been established as a mainstay treatment, but laparoscopic resections are still open to debate. Material and method. This retrospective study was conducted at a [...] Read more.

Introduction. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) represent a rare type of gastrointestinal neoplasms. Resection with negative margins has been established as a mainstay treatment, but laparoscopic resections are still open to debate. Material and method. This retrospective study was conducted at a single institution, with data collected over 2 years (01.01.2017–01.01.2019). The variables examined were age, tumor location with regard to the gastric wall, the results of the intraoperative endoscopy, intraoperative and postoperative complications, the surgical technique, and histopathological reports. Results. We identified 12 relevant cases, of which 8 were females and 4 males. The average tumor diameter was 2.3 cm. The majority of the lesions were located on the anterior gastric wall (8 cases), on the small curvature (2 cases), and in the pyloric region (2 cases). Intraoperative endoscopy was performed successfully in 10 cases in order to identify the lesions and guide the resection. The average operative time was 120 min and the average hospital stay was 5 days. The gastric wall with the lesion was resected using an Ultrasonic device, a 2-cm oncological safety margin was preserved. Conclusion. Complete surgical resection independent from the tumor size represents the current optimal treatment. From a surgical point of view, these tumors must be considered malignant and the surgeon must respect principles of oncological surgery. Maintaining tumor integrity at dissection is critical for the patient’s long-term prognosis. Laparoscopic resection independent of the tumor size is feasible. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Pigmented Melanoma Cell Migration Study on Murine Syngeneic B16F10 Melanoma Cells or Tissue Transplantation Models

by Maria-Cristina Predoi, Ion Mîndrilă, Sandra Alice Buteică, Ovidiu Marcel Mărginean, Bogdan Mîndrilă and Mihaela Niculescu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 327-333; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P327333 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Melanoma is a lethal form of skin cancer with poor prognosis, especially due to the early metastatic feature. Recent studies have shown that the melanin pigment influences the nanomechanical properties and, therefore, the metastatic behavior of the melanoma cells. We aimed to study [...] Read more.

Melanoma is a lethal form of skin cancer with poor prognosis, especially due to the early metastatic feature. Recent studies have shown that the melanin pigment influences the nanomechanical properties and, therefore, the metastatic behavior of the melanoma cells. We aimed to study the growth of subcutaneously transplanted syngeneic melanoma tissue in female C57BL/6 mice harvested from a mouse with a four-week B16F10 melanoma. Also, we studied the effect of the melanin pigment loading on the peritumoral migratory abilities of melanoma cells. Even when the syngeneic transplant was different (cultured cells vs. tumor tissue), the morphological features and the tumor growth were similar in both groups of mice. Heavily pigmented melanoma cells had low migration abilities. Angiogenesis, the depigmentation phenomenon, and the cell shape changes were related to pigmented melanoma cell migration along the matrix collagen fibers of peritumoral structures: the abluminal face of the vessels (angiotropism), the endomysium, and the nerves (neurotropism). The replacement of the histopathological growth pattern, the absence of angiogenesis, and rapidly tumor-bearing emboli were correlated with amelanotic and low pigmented melanoma cells. This study demonstrated that syngeneic melanoma tissue transplantation was a viable technique, and that the melanin pigment loading level can affect the melanoma cell migration profile. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Exploring the Factors Affecting the Motivation for Learning from the Perspective of Public Health Students: A Qualitative Study

by Leila Allahqoli, Vinnaras Nithyanantham, Azam Rahmani, Azra Allahveisi, Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh, Arezoo Fallahi and Babak Nemat-Shahrbabaki

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 319-326; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P319326 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Objective. Despite the significant role of motivation in achieving success among public health students, students often do not demonstrate adequate motivation for learning and education. This study was performed to determine factors affecting the motivation for learning from the perspective of public health [...] Read more.

Objective. Despite the significant role of motivation in achieving success among public health students, students often do not demonstrate adequate motivation for learning and education. This study was performed to determine factors affecting the motivation for learning from the perspective of public health students via content analysis approach. Methods. This qualitative study was conducted at Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in Sanandaj, Iran in 2017. 15 students were included in the study by using purposive sampling. Data were collected through personal interviews, group discussions, and field notes, and they were analyzed through conventional content analysis. Several parameters were taken into account to support the accuracy and the strength of the data: acceptability, confirmability, and transferability. Results. Five categories were derived from the data analysis, including “University Policy”, “Health Status”, “Teacher’s Role”, “Student-Related Factors” and “University Facilities”. Attention to the health status and its priority in the opinion of people, authorities, and educational system were the most important factors involved in the students’ motivation for learning. Conclusions. To increase motivation for learning, students have diverse needs that should be met. Attention to the components of motivation for learning not only enhances academic achievement but also promotes the formation of health behaviors in the society. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Patients’ Perception of Childbirth According to the Delivery Method: The Experience in Our Clinic

by Camelia Alexandroaia, Romina-Marina Sima, Oana-Denisa Bălălău, Gabriel-Octavian Olaru and Liana Pleş

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 311-318; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P311318 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study is to identify the way in which childbirth in general, and the delivery method in particular, influenced the maternal psychosocial status and the perception upon birth during postpartum. Material and method: We conducted a cohort type 2 [...] Read more.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to identify the way in which childbirth in general, and the delivery method in particular, influenced the maternal psychosocial status and the perception upon birth during postpartum. Material and method: We conducted a cohort type 2 prospective study. We included patients who had given birth at “Bucur” Maternity of Hospital “St. John” Bucharest from the 1st of January 2017 until the 1st of January 2018. Results: The majority of the patients (21.05%) who chose to give birth vaginally assigned the maximum degree (10) to the difficulty of birth. The patients who gave birth through cesarean section experienced the feeling of sadness in a higher percentage than those who gave birth vaginally (30.52% versus 21.05%). Among the patients who were in favor of having more children, 85.45% preferred the same delivery method. All the patients who gave birth vaginally wished to have other children using the same method, while 81.4% from the patients who gave birth through cesarean section were in favor of more children. Conclusion: The patients’ perception of childbirth was a subjective parameter. Further studies with standardized questionnaires should be applied for more reliable results. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Personality and Phobias in Adolescence: Age and Gender in Psychopathological Expressions

by Salvatore Settineri, Emanuele Maria Merlo, Angela Alibrandi, Federica Sicari, Irene Pagano Dritto, Fiorella Strangis and Fabio Frisone

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 304-310; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P304310 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Background: Although the understanding of adolescent phobias is important, this phenomenon has thus far not been adequately researched. This report, based on clinical experience, highlights prevalent phobic phenomena linked to personality characteristics. Methods: A sample of 241 adolescents from High School [...] Read more.

Background: Although the understanding of adolescent phobias is important, this phenomenon has thus far not been adequately researched. This report, based on clinical experience, highlights prevalent phobic phenomena linked to personality characteristics. Methods: A sample of 241 adolescents from High School and the University of Messina, Italy was evaluated for phobic responses using the SAFA Scales. Personality types and aspects were assessed by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator F Form. Results: The results were consistent with the reported literature and revealed that psychopathological phenomena such as anxiety, obsession, eating disorders and phobias decreased with aging; however, depression remained constant over time. Significant differences emerged regarding gender, with the presence of higher scores on all scales except obsession for the female group. Personality analysis revealed aspects linked to the relations between psychopathological variables, introversion/ extraversion (such as polar dimensions), and rational/ irrational functions. Conclusion: This research indicates that phobic phenomena may be underestimated in adolescents and links personality types and symptoms with phobic phenomena, indicating the potential need for interventions in adolescents. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

What Do Faculties Specializing in Brain and Neural Sciences Think About, and How Do They Approach, Brain-Friendly Teaching-Learning in Iran?

by Sahar Ghanbari, Fariba Haghani and Malahat Akbarfahimi

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 286-303; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P286303 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Objective: to investigate the perspectives and experiences of the faculties specializing in brain and neural sciences regarding brain-friendly teaching-learning in Iran. Methods: 17 faculties from 5 universities were selected by purposive sampling (2018). In-depth semi-structured interviews with directed content analysis were [...] Read more.

Objective: to investigate the perspectives and experiences of the faculties specializing in brain and neural sciences regarding brain-friendly teaching-learning in Iran. Methods: 17 faculties from 5 universities were selected by purposive sampling (2018). In-depth semi-structured interviews with directed content analysis were used. Results: 31 sub-subcategories, 10 subcategories, and 4 categories were formed according to the “General teaching model”. “Mentorship” was a newly added category. Conclusions: A neuro-educational approach that consider the roles of the learner’s brain uniqueness, executive function facilitation, and the valence system are important to learning. Such learning can be facilitated through cognitive load considerations, repetition, deep questioning, visualization, feedback, and reflection. The contextualized, problem-oriented, social, multi-sensory, experiential, spaced learning, and brain-friendly evaluation must be considered. Mentorship is important for coaching and emotional facilitation. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

LARS-like Symptoms in the General Population May Suggest the Significance of Postoperative Functional Problems and Emotional Implications of Rectal Surgery

by Tudor-Cristian Frunza, Sorinel Lunca, Iustina Baciu, Iulia Axinia, Cezar Valentin Mocanu, Andreea Crudu, Narcis Bujor, Lucia Flavia Livenschi, Claudiu Alexandru Nicolaiev, Andreea Hulubencu, Anca Diaconu, Emilia Valasciu, Ioana Jalobceastai, Malina Tibirna and Mihail Gabriel Dimofte

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 278-285; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P278285 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Background & Aim. Sphincter-saving rectal surgery is prone to cause changes in bowel function associated with Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS). Our aim was to assess LARS-like symptoms within a population of 50-80-year old in order to understand the functional disturbances and emotional [...] Read more.

Background & Aim. Sphincter-saving rectal surgery is prone to cause changes in bowel function associated with Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS). Our aim was to assess LARS-like symptoms within a population of 50-80-year old in order to understand the functional disturbances and emotional impact of LARS. Materials and methods: We used a questionnaire to evaluate LARS with the following categories of symptoms: flatulence control, anal incontinence, frequency, clustering and urgency of the stools, and the psycho-emotional impact created by the presence of these symptoms. We calculated the severity of LARS on 343 responders. Results. The average age of the responders (57.4% females) was 60 years. Overall, 48.1% of those questioned had no LARS-associated symptoms, while the rest presented either minor (39.9%) or major (12%) LARS-like symptomatology according to the assessment scale. Women have a higher relative risk (1.32) of having minor or major LARS. The frequency of stools did not correlate with the overall LARS score. The psycho-emotional impact was mostly influenced by the presence of incontinence (p = 0.001) and urgency (p = 0.05). Discussions. The study highlights the need to integrate the initial status of patients into the overall quantification of the effects of surgery on the quality of life. Age does not influence the prevalence of LARS, but symptoms seem more prevalent in women. The psycho-emotional impact is relevant to the general population, so explanations given during the informed consent and accurate description of potential consequences of surgical intervention increase compliance to ensure better post-operative control of the symptomatology. Conclusions. Deriving a normative LARS-like score may alter the interpretation and discussion of LARS scores for future rectal cancer patients, and it also provides a better understanding of the emotional impact of such symptoms on certain population subsets or cultural groups. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Review of the Effects of Anesthetic Agents Used as Premedication for Patients Undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy with Diagnoses of Bipolar Disorder or Major Depression on Convulsion, Recovery Period, and Hemodynamic Parameters

by Volkan Ozen and Mehmet Emin Orhan

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 271-277; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P271277 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of anesthetic agents used as premedication in patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for diagnoses of bipolar disorder or major depression in terms of convulsion, recovery period, and hemodynamic parameters. Materials and Method: [...] Read more.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of anesthetic agents used as premedication in patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for diagnoses of bipolar disorder or major depression in terms of convulsion, recovery period, and hemodynamic parameters. Materials and Method: This retrospective study was carried out by screening the anesthesia forms of patients in a psychiatry clinic in Turkey. Results: Researchers reviewed 104 patient files, of which 39 fit the inclusion criteria. 26 patients were given premedication; 13 patients were not given premedication. The study found a significant difference between the group to which dexmedetomidine was given and the non-premedication group in terms of mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate. A significant difference was also found between the group to which midazolam was given and the non-premedication group in terms of peripheral oxygen saturation. Conclusion: Premedication before ECT may be used to reduce the side effects after ECT without affecting convulsions and the recovery period. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Experimental Pharmacological Research Regarding the Antidepressant Effect of Associating Doxepin and Selegiline in Normal Mice

by Cornel Chiriță, Emil Ștefănescu, Cristina E. Zbârcea, Horațiu Mireșan, Simona Negreș, Diana C. Nuță, Carmen Limban, Rucsandra E. Dănciulescu Miulescu and Cristina D. Marineci

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 261-270; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P261270 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

The severity and complexity of depression can vary widely among individuals, thus making single drug therapy ineffective in some cases. Taking this fact into account and using a mouse model, we set on investigating the possibility of obtaining a synergism of action between [...] Read more.

The severity and complexity of depression can vary widely among individuals, thus making single drug therapy ineffective in some cases. Taking this fact into account and using a mouse model, we set on investigating the possibility of obtaining a synergism of action between a classical tricyclic antidepressant that inhibits noradrenalin and serotonin reuptake (doxepin), and a modern antidepressant that inhibits type-B monoamine oxidase (selegiline). We measured the antidepressant effect using the forced swimming test and the tail suspension test. We determined motor activity using the Activity Cage test. Our results have shown that the antidepressant effect intensifies significantly in the animals treated with both antidepressants simultaneously compared to those treated only with doxepin. Furthermore, we observed that selegiline decreases the sedative effect of doxepin in the Activity Cage test. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

The Effects of Stimulants on Eating Patterns in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

by Serkan Turan and Aynur Pekcanlar Akay

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 253-260; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P253260 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Objectives. This study aims to evaluate the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on eating patterns and body mass index (BMI) in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The secondary aim of this study is the comparison between weight and eating behavior of children with [...] Read more.

Objectives. This study aims to evaluate the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on eating patterns and body mass index (BMI) in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The secondary aim of this study is the comparison between weight and eating behavior of children with ADHD undergoing an MPH treatment, and of children without ADHD. Methods. One hundred fourty three children and adolescents who diagnosed with ADHD were enrolled, and the effects of MPH on the eating patterns and BMI were evaluated. All participants completed a number of tests to analyze eating patterns and clinical psychopathological profiles. Results. Children and adolescents with ADHD had significantly higher scores on the EDE-Q- eating concern, EDE-Q- shape concern, and all CPRS-RSF subscales than individuals without ADHD (p < 0.05). MPH treatment was associated with a notional reduction in height-sds and weight-sds. The results of the correlation analysis which assessed the possible contribution of the different treatment-related factors revealed no significant correlations between MPH mean dose [mg/(kg/d)], the duration of use (months), and the core characteristics of eating disorders except the restraint subscale of EDE Q. Conclusions. Our findings add to the growing research suggesting that MPH may be associated with disordered eating behaviors. Although the literature is limited, our findings conclude that MPH may not be associated with the reduction of growth velocity and disordered eating behaviors. Full article

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Open AccessReview

Indocyanine Green Utility in Sentinel Node Detection for Cervical Cancer Patients

by Nicolae Bacalbașa, Irina Balescu, Cristian Balalau, Mihaela Vilcu and Iulian Brezean

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 248-252; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P248252 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

With wide implementation of screening tests for the Human Papilloma Virus, the number of diagnosed cases of premalignant or early stages of cervical cancer has increased considerably. As a consequence, surgeons’ attention has focused on determining how best to limit the surgical procedure [...] Read more.

With wide implementation of screening tests for the Human Papilloma Virus, the number of diagnosed cases of premalignant or early stages of cervical cancer has increased considerably. As a consequence, surgeons’ attention has focused on determining how best to limit the surgical procedure so the benefits of the procedure will not be surpassed by postoperative morbidity. In this respect, extended lymph node dissection, routinely associated so far with cervical cancer patients, has in the last decades been replaced with sentinel node detection and biopsy. Initially performed through radiocolloid injection, this method has undergone permanent changes in order to maximize its efficacy and safety. Although the laparoscopic approach had been widely used in the past, a new method has been proposed, i.e., the use of indocyanine green injection, which has yielded promising results for sentinel node detection in the early stages of cervical carcinoma. This paper reviews the literature of the most relevant studies conducted on this topic. Full article

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Open AccessReview

Pheochromocytoma—Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis and Current Perioperative Management

by Maria Manea, Dragos Radu Marcu, Ovidiu Gabriel Bratu, Ana Maria Alexandra Stanescu, Anca Pantea Stoian, Mihnea Alexandru Gaman and Camelia Cristina Diaconu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 243-247; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P243247 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Pheochromocytoma is a neuroendocrine tumor characterized by the excessive production of catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine). The diagnosis is suspected due to hypertensive paroxysms, associated with vegetative phenomena, due to the catecholaminergic hypersecretion. Diagnosis involves biochemical tests that reveal elevated levels of catecholamine [...] Read more.

Pheochromocytoma is a neuroendocrine tumor characterized by the excessive production of catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine). The diagnosis is suspected due to hypertensive paroxysms, associated with vegetative phenomena, due to the catecholaminergic hypersecretion. Diagnosis involves biochemical tests that reveal elevated levels of catecholamine metabolites (metanephrine and normetanephrine). Functional imaging, such as 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy (123I-MIBG), has increased specificity in identifying the catecholamine-producing tumor and its metastases. The gold-standard treatment for patients with pheochromocytoma is represented by the surgical removal of the tumor. Before surgical resection, it is important to optimize blood pressure and intravascular volume in order to avoid negative hemodynamic events. Full article

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Open AccessReview

The Burden of Clostridium Difficile Infection in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

by Despina Moraru, Andrada Dumitru, Sergiu Ioan Micu, Marilena Musat, Gabriel Preda and Popoiag Roxana Emanuela

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 237-242; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P237242 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Clostridium Difficile Infection (CDI) has registered a dramatically increasing incidence in the general population over the past decades. Nowadays, Clostridium Difficile is the leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea in Europe and North America. Liver cirrhosis is the final stage of any chronic liver [...] Read more.

Clostridium Difficile Infection (CDI) has registered a dramatically increasing incidence in the general population over the past decades. Nowadays, Clostridium Difficile is the leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea in Europe and North America. Liver cirrhosis is the final stage of any chronic liver disease (CLD). The most common causes are chronic hepatitis C or B and viral co-infections, alcohol misuse, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). CLD and cirrhosis are listed among the ten leading causes of death in the US. Cirrhosis due to any etiology disrupts the homeostatic role of the liver in the body. Cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction (CAID) leads to alterations in both inherited and acquired systemic and local liver immunity. CAID is caused by increased systemic inflammation and immunodeficiency and it is responsible for 30% of mortality rates all over the world. Clostridium Difficile infection frequently affects patients suffering from liver cirrhosis because of the high number of prolonged hospitalizations, regular use of antibiotics for the prevention or treatment of SBP, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use, and an overall immunocompromised state. Clostridium Difficile is a Gram-positive bacterium responsible for the high morbidity and mortality rates in patients with cirrhosis, with an essential increase in a 30-day mortality. Full article

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Open AccessReview

Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis, More than a Simple Hepatic Disease—A Brief Review of the Risk Factors Associated with Alcohol Abuse

by Sergiu Ioan Micu, Madalina Elena Manea, Roxana Popoiag, Dragana Nikolic, Dumitru Andrada, Angelo Maria Patti, Marilena Musat, Cristian Balalau, Anca Rogoveanu, Manfredi Rizzo and Anca Pantea Stoian

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 232-236; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P232236 - 9 Oct 2019

Viewed by 67

Abstract

Liver cirrhosis is a significant public health problem, being an important cause of mortality and morbidity, responsible for approximately 1.8% of the total number of deaths in Europe. Chronic alcohol consumption is the most common cause of liver cirrhosis in developed countries. Europe [...] Read more.

Liver cirrhosis is a significant public health problem, being an important cause of mortality and morbidity, responsible for approximately 1.8% of the total number of deaths in Europe. Chronic alcohol consumption is the most common cause of liver cirrhosis in developed countries. Europe has the highest level of alcohol consumption among all the global World Health Organisation (WHO) regions. In this paper, we briefly review major factors leading to excessive alcohol consumption in order to draw attention to the fact that alcoholic liver cirrhosis is more than a simple liver disease, and if those risk/causal factors can be prevented, the incidence of this disease could be reduced greatly. Although excessive alcohol consumption is regarded as the cause of alcoholic liver cirrhosis, the etiology is complex, involving multiple factors that act in synchrony, and which, if prevented, could greatly reduce the incidence of this disease. Children of addicts are likely to develop an alcohol-related mental disorder; however, there is no “gene for alcoholism”. Full article

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Open AccessReview

Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Chronic Lung Diseases

by Teodora G. Alexescu, Simina Tarmure, Vasile Negrean, Maria Cosnarovici, Victoria M. Ruta, Ionela Popovici, Ioana Para, Mirela G. Perne, Olga H. Orasan and Doina A. Todea

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 224-231; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P224231 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

Nanoparticles, although considered a topic of modern medicine, actually have an interesting history. Currently, advances in nanomedicine hold great promise as drug carrier systems for sustained release and targeted delivery of diverse therapeutic agents. Nanoparticles can be defined as complex drug carrier systems [...] Read more.

Nanoparticles, although considered a topic of modern medicine, actually have an interesting history. Currently, advances in nanomedicine hold great promise as drug carrier systems for sustained release and targeted delivery of diverse therapeutic agents. Nanoparticles can be defined as complex drug carrier systems which incorporate and protect a certain drug or particle. Nanoparticles can be administered via different routes, such as intravenous injection, oral administration, or pulmonary inhalation. Even though the use of nano-carriers via pulmonary inhalation is heavily debated, this system represents an attractive alternative to the intravenous or oral routes, due to the unique anatomical and physiological features of the lungs and the minimal interactions between the targeted site and other organs. Some of the widely used nano-carriers for the treatment of chronic pulmonary diseases, via pulmonary route, are as follows: polymeric nanoparticles, liposomal nano-carriers, solid lipid nanoparticles, and submicron emulsions. Nano-carrier systems provide the advantage of sustained-drug release in the lung tissue resulting in reduced dosing frequency and improved patient compliance. Further studies focusing on understanding the mechanisms of action of nanoparticles and improving their chemical structure are required in order to better understand the potential long-term risk of excipient toxicity and nanoscale carriers. Full article

234 KiB

Open AccessReview

Beta-Blockers in Cardiovascular Therapy: A Review

by Camelia C. Diaconu, Dragos R. Marcu, Ovidiu G. Bratu, Ana Maria A. Stanescu, Gina Gheorghe, Andreea A. Hlescu, Dan LD. Mischianu and Maria Manea

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 216-223; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P216223 - 9 Oct 2019

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Abstract

The role of beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists in cardiovascular therapy has been the subject of various studies over time, these agents representing one of the oldest class of drugs used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Although beta-blockers have been excluded from guidelines as [...] Read more.

The role of beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists in cardiovascular therapy has been the subject of various studies over time, these agents representing one of the oldest class of drugs used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Although beta-blockers have been excluded from guidelines as the first-line therapy in essential hypertension, they remain the first choice in patients with heart failure, coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation. In this article, we review the major clinical evidence for the use of beta-blockers in cardiovascular diseases. Several trials have demonstrated that beta-blockers reduce mortality in patients with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction. Also, beta-blockers have beneficial properties in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Guidelines recommend beta-blockers for the relief of symptoms in cases of angina pectoris and for the control of the ventricular rate in cases of atrial fibrillation. Also, beta-blockers have numerous benefits in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus. In conclusion, beta-blockers are an important class of cardiovascular drugs, reducing the mortality and morbidity rates in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Full article

295 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Evaluation of Liver Fibrosis Regression in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients After the Treatment with Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents—A Review of the Literature

by Olga H. Orasan, George Ciulei, Sorina C. Coste, Bianca A. Cibu, Adela V. Sitar Taut, Simina F. Tarmure, Iulia O. Pfingstgraf, Teodora G. Alexescu, Ionela E. Popovici, Flaviu Mureșan, Fabian Ovidiu, Vasile Negrean and Angela Cozma

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 210-215; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P210215 - 9 Oct 2019

Viewed by 59

Abstract

The second-generation of direct-acting antiviral agents are the current treatment for chronic viral hepatitis C infection. To evaluate the regression of liver fibrosis in patients receiving this therapy, liver biopsy remains the most accurate method, but the invasiveness of this procedure is its [...] Read more.

The second-generation of direct-acting antiviral agents are the current treatment for chronic viral hepatitis C infection. To evaluate the regression of liver fibrosis in patients receiving this therapy, liver biopsy remains the most accurate method, but the invasiveness of this procedure is its major drawback. Different non-invasive tests have been used to study changes in the stage of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis treated with the second-generation of direct-acting antiviral agents: liver stiffness measurements (with transient elastography or acoustic radiation force impulse elastography) or different scores that use serum markers to calculate a fibrosis score. We prepared a literature review of the available data regarding the long-term evolution of liver fibrosis after the treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents for chronic viral hepatitis C. Full article

1084 KiB

Open AccessReview

Insights Into the Pathogenesis of Nicotine Addiction. Could a Salivary Biosensor Be Useful in Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT)?

by Anida-Maria Băbțan, Nausica B. Petrescu, Anca Ionel, Bianca A. Boșca, Willi A. Uriciuc, Claudia N. Feurdean, Codruța I. Mirică, Roxana Bordea, Viorel Miclăuș, Flavia Ruxanda, Adina D. Todea, Teodora G. Alexescu, Radu S. Câmpian and Aranka Ilea

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 196-209; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P196209 - 9 Oct 2019

Viewed by 64

Abstract

Nicotine has gained the attention of the medical community due to its insidious addictive mechanisms which lead to chronic consumption. The multitude of compounds derived from tobacco smoke have local and systemic negative impacts, resulting in a large number of smoking-related pathologies. The [...] Read more.

Nicotine has gained the attention of the medical community due to its insidious addictive mechanisms which lead to chronic consumption. The multitude of compounds derived from tobacco smoke have local and systemic negative impacts, resulting in a large number of smoking-related pathologies. The present review offers insights into nicotine addiction physiopathology, as well as social and medical implications, with emphasis on its correlation with Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs). Therapeutic strategies and new approaches to nicotine assessment and cessation treatment are discussed, noting that such strategies could take into account the possibility of slow and gradual nicotine release from a device attached to a prosthetic piece, based on salivary nicotine-concentration feedback. This approach could offer real-time and home-based self-therapy monitoring by the physician and the patient for follow-up and improve long-term cessation treatment success- Graphical abstract. Full article

225 KiB

Open AccessReview

Modern Concepts in Non-Surgical Esthetics; A Review

by Anca Pantea Stoian, Razvan Hainarosie, Catalina Pietrosanu, Andreea Rusescu, Liliana F. Andronache, Stana Paunica, Cristian Balalau and Teodora S. Pituru

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 190-195; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P190195 - 9 Oct 2019

Viewed by 43

Abstract

New non-surgical esthetics is the most dynamic field in contemporary medicine. At the same time, it is greatly influenced by our contemporary society. This paper reviews modern methods used in non-surgical esthetics, especially in Romania. From injectology and non-surgical face lifting to non-surgical [...] Read more.

New non-surgical esthetics is the most dynamic field in contemporary medicine. At the same time, it is greatly influenced by our contemporary society. This paper reviews modern methods used in non-surgical esthetics, especially in Romania. From injectology and non-surgical face lifting to non-surgical body contouring, we analyzed all procedures performed by Romanian physicians, and we show the advantages and disadvantages of the advanced esthetic procedures. Injectology typically implies hyaluronic acid, botox and mesotherapy (for wrinkles and rejuvenation). Laser and radiofrequency treatment are used for wrinkles as well, with fewer unwanted adverse reactions and results exceeding those of injectables. Non-surgical lifting has gained more ground because it requires little recovery time and the results are very positive. Elective treatment for facial discoloration is the laser approach. For non-surgical body contouring, cryolipolisis, vacuum, radio frequency, and infrared systems have all revolutionized this part of esthetics, but each has limitations, and only after establishing the correct course of action, might we think of achieving favorable results and thus raising to the expectations of patients. Full article

261 KiB

Open AccessReview

Therapeutic Alternatives with CPAP in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

by Corina Eugenia Budin, Lorena Ciumarnean, Anca Maierean, Ruxandra Rajnovean, Bianca Domokos Gergely, Milena Man, Maria Aluas, Angela Cozma and Roxana Ioana Bordea

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(2), 181-189; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.62.P181189 - 9 Oct 2019

Viewed by 57

Abstract

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), characterized by airflow cessation (apnea) or reduction (hypopnea) due to repeated pharyngeal obstructions during sleep, causes frequent disruption of sleep and hypoxic events. The condition is linked to many adverse health related consequences, such as neurocognitive and cardiovascular disorders, [...] Read more.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), characterized by airflow cessation (apnea) or reduction (hypopnea) due to repeated pharyngeal obstructions during sleep, causes frequent disruption of sleep and hypoxic events. The condition is linked to many adverse health related consequences, such as neurocognitive and cardiovascular disorders, and metabolic syndrome. OSA is a chronic condition requiring long-term treatment, so treatment using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has become the gold standard in cases of moderate or severe OSA. However, its effectiveness is influenced by patients’ adherence. Surgery for OSA or treatment with oral appliances can be successful in selected patients, but for the majority, lifestyle changes such as exercise and dietary control may prove useful. However, exercise training remains under-utilized by many clinicians as an alternative treatment for OSA. Other interventions such as oral appliance (OA), upper way stimulation, and oropharyngeal exercises are used in OSA. Because the benefit of all these techniques is heterogeneous, the major challenge is to associate specific OSA therapies with the maximum efficacy and the best patient compliance. Full article

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J. Mind Med. Sci., Volume 6, Issue 2 (October 2019) – 25 articles

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