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Rheumato, Volume 4, Issue 3 (September 2024) – 4 articles

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10 pages, 222 KiB  
Article
Presentation, Characteristics and Features of Lymphoma in a Retrospective Case Series of Patients with Sjogren’s Disease
by Jennifer Behbodikhah, Lisa Balistreri and Steven E. Carsons
Rheumato 2024, 4(3), 153-162; https://doi.org/10.3390/rheumato4030012 - 30 Aug 2024
Viewed by 738
Abstract
Sjogren’s Disease (SjD) is associated with an increased risk of lymphoma. We investigated the prevalence of lymphoma in a retrospective case series of patients with SjD and reported on the clinical presentation, treatment, response, and outcome. A retrospective review of 132 patients diagnosed [...] Read more.
Sjogren’s Disease (SjD) is associated with an increased risk of lymphoma. We investigated the prevalence of lymphoma in a retrospective case series of patients with SjD and reported on the clinical presentation, treatment, response, and outcome. A retrospective review of 132 patients diagnosed with Sjogren’s Disease was conducted at our institution from June 2000 to November 2023, and 10 cases of malignant lymphoma were identified. Clinical and biological markers known to be predictors of lymphoma, as well as lymphoma characteristics, were examined. The most common predictive lab findings were hypergammaglobulinemia, the rheumatoid factor, and lymphopenia. Persistent parotid gland enlargement was also found in greater than 50% of patients. The majority of patients were Caucasian females, and the average time between the diagnosis of SjD and lymphoma was 14.3 years. The median age at lymphoma diagnosis was 59.5 years, with 9 out of 10 lymphomas identified as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the majority of cases being mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. We identified similarities in our series, such as laboratory markers and clinical symptoms, to those previously identified as possible predictors of lymphoma development. These factors may be useful in determining the risk of malignancy development and justify the need for long-term monitoring, as well as provider education and awareness. Full article
6 pages, 217 KiB  
Editorial
Fibromyalgia: Hamlet’s Soliloquy and the State of the Art
by Bruce Rothschild
Rheumato 2024, 4(3), 147-152; https://doi.org/10.3390/rheumato4030011 - 6 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Fibromyalgia might be considered as the body’s response to the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune [...] Full article
10 pages, 242 KiB  
Article
Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Ankylosing Spondylitis and Its Association with Clinical and Demographic Findings and Gut Pathology
by Nira Ferdous, Johannes J. Rasker, Shabnam Akhter, Md. Kamruzzaman and Md. Nazrul Islam
Rheumato 2024, 4(3), 137-146; https://doi.org/10.3390/rheumato4030010 - 8 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and may be associated with the disease. We aimed to determine the prevalence of IBS in AS patients and its association with clinical and demographic patient characteristics and with macroscopic and microscopic gut [...] Read more.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and may be associated with the disease. We aimed to determine the prevalence of IBS in AS patients and its association with clinical and demographic patient characteristics and with macroscopic and microscopic gut lesions. Sixty consecutive AS patients were included in this study. Disease activity was assessed with the BASDAI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index) and functional status with the BASFI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index). The ROME III criteria were used to diagnose IBS. Macroscopic lesions were graded during colonoscopies. Biopsy specimens were taken from the terminal ileum, colon (ascending, transverse and descending) and rectum. Histological samples were scored with Cuvelier grading. The prevalence of IBS was 23.3% (14/60). The mean age of 14 IBS subjects (10 male) was 32 ± 8.50., with a higher BASDAI (p = 0.046). Macroscopic lesions were more frequent in IBS cases in the terminal ileum (46.2% vs. 34.9%), ascending colon (21.4% vs. 2.2%) and rectum (21.4% vs. 17.4%), with Grade 2 significantly more prevalent in the ascending colon (p = 0.03). Microscopic lesions did not differ among the IBS-present and -absent groups. In conclusion, the prevalence of IBS was high in AS patients and associated with higher disease activity. Grade 2 macroscopic lesions were more frequent in the ascending colon. Full article
17 pages, 856 KiB  
Review
In the Pursuit of Precision: Novel Target Therapies Revolutionizing SLE Care
by Tsvetelina Velikova, Dimitrina Miteva, Maria Kokudeva, Georgi H. Vasilev, Simeon Monov and Russka Shumnalieva
Rheumato 2024, 4(3), 120-136; https://doi.org/10.3390/rheumato4030009 - 29 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1481
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, autoimmune, immune complex-mediated disease affecting mainly females at a young age. The disease etiology is still unknown, and different genetic and epigenetic factors related to disease onset and manifestations are being explored. The standard treatment regimen [...] Read more.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, autoimmune, immune complex-mediated disease affecting mainly females at a young age. The disease etiology is still unknown, and different genetic and epigenetic factors related to disease onset and manifestations are being explored. The standard treatment regimen for SLE includes the long-term use of corticosteroids and non-specific immunosuppressive agents, often limited by co-morbidities or related side effects. However, recent advances in disease pathogenesis clarifying the role of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, immune cells, and co-stimulation molecules have made a more practical, targeted approach possible, leading to personalized treatment strategies. This review summarizes current knowledge about SLE-targeted therapies in clinical practice. Full article
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