Innovative Approaches for the Environmental Chemical Engineering

A special issue of ChemEngineering (ISSN 2305-7084).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 3386

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
Interests: environmental biotechnology; waste; environmental science chemical engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chemical Engineering (CE) has proven to be a powerful instrument to solve important environmental problems. Conventional subjects of CE have been extensively used for traditional and emerging environmental technologies, but because environmental technology is developing so quickly, a CE approach is still necessary for some processes. Hence, this Special Issue is dedicated to advances and new trends in Environmental Chemical Engineering (ECE). Research areas of particular interest include, but are not limited to, air, water, wastewater, and soil decontamination; waste valorisation and management; pollution prevention, monitoring, and control; resource recovery (nutrients, energy, materials, water); new materials for ECE and sustainable energy solutions; and emerging environmental contaminants removal.

Dr. Maria del Carmen Marquez
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • air, water, wastewater, and soil decontamination
  • waste valorisation and management
  • pollution prevention, monitoring, and control
  • resource recovery
  • new materials for environmental chemical engineering and sustainable energy solutions
  • emerging environmental contaminants removal

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2389 KiB  
Article
Volatile Fatty Acids from Household Food Waste: Production and Kinetics
by Rosa E. Ramos and Mª Carmen Márquez
ChemEngineering 2024, 8(5), 84; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering8050084 - 25 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1034
Abstract
Household food waste (HFW), which is rich in organic matter, is a good candidate for producing added-value bio-based chemicals, such as volatile fatty acids (VFAs), by acidogenic fermentation processes. However, the lack of design tools, such as appropriate kinetic models, hinders the implementation [...] Read more.
Household food waste (HFW), which is rich in organic matter, is a good candidate for producing added-value bio-based chemicals, such as volatile fatty acids (VFAs), by acidogenic fermentation processes. However, the lack of design tools, such as appropriate kinetic models, hinders the implementation of this technology because the results of these processes are affected by operational factors. In this work, VFA production by the acidogenic fermentation of HFW under uncontrolled pH levels (4–5) was studied at thermophilic (55 °C) and mesophilic (35 °C) temperature conditions. Batch reactors were used to digest HFW, and VFA production and the individual acid distributions were measured at different fermentation times from 0 to 624 h. The results showed higher individual and total VFA production at 35 °C and 120 h of fermentation time as a consequence of the competition between the VFA production and decomposition reactions. Acetic and valeric acids were VFAs mainly produced as a result of a high content of proteins in the initial substrate, and a small amount of propionic and butyric acids were present. A simplified kinetic model was successfully developed to represent the complex process of VFA formation from the acidogenic fermentation of HFW. A simple mechanism for the production–decomposition of VFAs, corresponding to a zero-order reaction for the first 48 h and a single consecutive reaction from that time on, was proposed. For both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, the suggested kinetic model was able to predict the individual and total concentrations of VFAs along the fermentation time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Approaches for the Environmental Chemical Engineering)
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Review

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32 pages, 1378 KiB  
Review
Investigating the Routes to Produce Cellulose Fibers from Agro-Waste: An Upcycling Process
by Sofia Plakantonaki, Kyriaki Kiskira, Nikolaos Zacharopoulos, Vassiliki Belessi, Emmanouela Sfyroera, Georgios Priniotakis and Chrysoula Athanasekou
ChemEngineering 2024, 8(6), 112; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering8060112 - 4 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1690
Abstract
The agriculture and agri-food sectors produce substantial amounts of plant-based waste. This waste presents an identifiable research opportunity to develop methods for effectively eliminating and managing it in order to promote zero-waste and circular economies. Plant-based waste and by-products are acknowledged as valuable [...] Read more.
The agriculture and agri-food sectors produce substantial amounts of plant-based waste. This waste presents an identifiable research opportunity to develop methods for effectively eliminating and managing it in order to promote zero-waste and circular economies. Plant-based waste and by-products are acknowledged as valuable sources of bioactive compounds, including cellulose fibers. Direct application of these fibers in non-food sectors such as textiles can reduce the environmental impact of secondary raw materials. This review aims to provide an overview of novel concepts and modern technologies for efficiently utilizing plant-based waste and by-products from the agricultural and agro-industrial sectors to extract fibers for a variety of final applications, including the fashion industry. Two major routes are identified to produce cellulose fibers: the extraction and purification of natural cellulose fibers and the extraction and purification of cellulose pulp that is further processed into manmade cellulosic fibers. Scalability of experimental results at the laboratory or pilot level is a major barrier, so it is critical to develop closed-loop processes, apply standardization protocols, and conduct life cycle assessments and techno-economic analyses to facilitate large-scale implementation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Approaches for the Environmental Chemical Engineering)
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