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Agronomy
Special Issues
Phytochemicals—Occurrence, Metabolism and Biological Importance-Series II
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Phytochemicals—Occurrence, Metabolism and Biological Importance-Series II

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant-Crop Biology and Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 6445

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mirosława Chwil

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Interests: biology; pollen morphology; heavy metal; bioactive compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Renata Matraszek-Gawron

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Interests: plant physiology; mineral nutrition; abiotic stress tolerance; trace metals; biological active compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue entitled “Phytochemicals - Occurrence, Metabolism, and Biological Importance” will cover the following topics: (i) the localization of active compounds in exo- and endogenous secretory structures, (ii) biologically active substances in herbal raw materials, and (iii) the role of phytochemicals in the metabolic processes of the organism and their biological activity. The localization of secretory structures accumulating biocompounds is useful for the identification of herbal raw material. Some bioactive compounds isolated from plants give rise to natural or synthetic drugs. They have been given the name of natural pharmaceuticals. They often serve as a basic safe natural ingredient in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations. Single-component or composite preparations selected suitably to treat a specific health problem have a health-enhancing effect on humans and animals. They are used in the prophylaxis and phytotherapy of various diseases, such as neoplastic, inflammatory, and infectious diseases. Currently, in the presence of various threats linked to civilization, phytocompounds are investigated in many biochemical, clinical, and epidemiological studies. They are also increasingly being implemented in many clinical strategies as part of effective therapies.

Dr. Mirosława Chwil
Dr. Renata Matraszek-Gawron
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • secretory structure
  • medicinal plants
  • biologically active compounds
  • metabolism
  • biological activity
  • prophylaxis
  • phytotherapy
  • cosmetic plants
  • spice plants
  • herbs

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 1601 KiB  
Article
Influence of Water and Fertilizer Reduction on Sucrose Metabolism in Sugar Beets
by Yuxin Chang, Bowen Zhang, Guolong Li, Peng Zhang, Huiyu Liu and Shaoying Zhang
Agronomy 2024, 14(3), 539; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030539 - 6 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1270
Abstract
Northern China faces water scarcity, restricting water usage in place across Inner Mongolia’s western region. The integrated irrigation and fertilization model for sugar beet is undergoing rapid development and application in production. However, there is a concerning trend in production where the frequency [...] Read more.
Northern China faces water scarcity, restricting water usage in place across Inner Mongolia’s western region. The integrated irrigation and fertilization model for sugar beet is undergoing rapid development and application in production. However, there is a concerning trend in production where the frequency of irrigation and fertilization is being increased blindly, resulting in the wastage of valuable water and fertilizer resources. Limiting water and fertilizer usage is an effective approach to improve sugar beet production efficiency. Sugar beets are a significant sugar crop in China. A split-plot design was employed to examine the impact of reducing water and fertilizer use on sucrose metabolism in sugar beet root. Our study was performed at the Ulanqab Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences in Inner Mongolia from 2022 to 2023. Three levels of fertilization and irrigation were utilized. We investigated the interactions between irrigation and fertilization on sucrose accumulation in sugar beet root. We examined key enzyme activities involved in sucrose metabolism alongside their gene expression levels. The findings suggested that reducing irrigation by 15%, fertilization by 10%, or both irrigation by 15% and fertilization by 10%, increased sucrose concentrations of sugar beets compared to the control group administered conventional water and fertilizer. Over the two-year period, the average sucrose concentration increased by 0.45, 0.57, and 0.65 degrees, respectively, under each treatment. Subsequent research verified that appropriately reducing water and fertilizer can regulate the expression of enzyme genes, thus influencing enzyme activity. Moreover, due to the higher efficiency of enzyme synthesis compared to decomposition, it contributed to an increase in net enzyme activity. These findings suggest that an appropriate reduction of water and fertilizer can improve sucrose synthesis rates and increase the sucrose concentration in sugar beets, providing a theoretical basis for environmentally friendly generation and enhanced efficiency in sugar beet growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phytochemicals—Occurrence, Metabolism and Biological Importance-Series II)
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14 pages, 3426 KiB  
Article
OsCSN1 Regulates the Growth and Development of Rice Seedlings through the Degradation of SLR1 in the GA Signaling Pathway
by Elshan Musazade, Yanxi Liu, Yixuan Ren, Ming Wu, Hua Zeng, Shining Han, Xiaowei Gao, Shuhua Chen and Liquan Guo
Agronomy 2022, 12(12), 2946; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12122946 - 24 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1514
Abstract
The constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome (CSN) is involved in various regulations during plant development. The CSN is a highly conserved protein complex with nine subunits, and CSN1 acts in a network of signaling pathways critical for plant development. Although CSN1 has been [...] Read more.
The constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome (CSN) is involved in various regulations during plant development. The CSN is a highly conserved protein complex with nine subunits, and CSN1 acts in a network of signaling pathways critical for plant development. Although CSN1 has been widely studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, there have been few investigations on CSN1 in rice. In this paper, using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, CSN1 was edited from Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (rice). After screening out the OsCSN1 knockout mutant and OsCSN1 reduce mutant, the phenotype and protein expression were identified under different light conditions. Experiments showed that in OsCSN1 knockout mutant and OsCSN1 reduce mutant, the SLR1 protein was rapidly degraded at the rice seedling. In this study, the OsCSN1 acted as a negative regulator to affect seedling growth and development through CUL4-based E3 ligase, which is involved in the degradation of SLR1 in the GA signaling pathway. However, its direct target and mechanism of action are not clear. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phytochemicals—Occurrence, Metabolism and Biological Importance-Series II)
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Review

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24 pages, 2808 KiB  
Review
A Review on the Composition and Biosynthesis of Alkaloids and on the Taxonomy, Domestication, and Cultivation of Medicinal Fritillaria Species
by Aili Qu, Qingfei Wu, Jiahao Su, Chengyuan Li, Li Yang, Zhi’an Wang, Zhonghua Wang, Zhaohui Li, Xiao Ruan, Yingxian Zhao and Qiang Wang
Agronomy 2022, 12(8), 1844; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12081844 - 4 Aug 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3074
Abstract
Fritillaria is a perennial herb with medicinal properties. There are 158 Fritillaria species worldwide, 33 of which have reported therapeutic efficacy. Alkaloids are the principal constituents in Fritillaria. Fritillaria species growing at 2700–4000 m are the sources of extract namely Chuan Beimu [...] Read more.
Fritillaria is a perennial herb with medicinal properties. There are 158 Fritillaria species worldwide, 33 of which have reported therapeutic efficacy. Alkaloids are the principal constituents in Fritillaria. Fritillaria species growing at 2700–4000 m are the sources of extract namely Chuan Beimu (the Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China, 2020 Edition), with low biomass, mainly containing more 5α-cevanine isosteroidal alkaloids with cis-configuration. In contrast, species growing below 1500 m are usually taller than 50 cm, and they mainly contain more trans-configuration isosteroidal alkaloids. There are two schemes of the biosynthetic pathways of steroidal alkaloids with different frameworks and catalytic reactions and combined high-throughput omics data. Based on the distributed elevations, Fritillaria species were divided into three major categories, which met classification features based on phylogenetic analysis or morphological features. Artificial or in vitro cultivations are effective strategies for balancing economical requirements and ecological protection. Fritillaria species growing at lower altitudes can be cultivated by bulb reproduction, but species growing at higher altitudes still rely mainly on gathering a large number of wild resources. Integration of asexual tissue culture and bulb reproduction with sexual artificial or imitated wild cultivation may create a very promising and effective way to maintain sustainable industrial development of Fritillaria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phytochemicals—Occurrence, Metabolism and Biological Importance-Series II)
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