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Agronomy
Special Issues
Modern Biotechnologies and Improvement Breeding for Cereals Crop
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Modern Biotechnologies and Improvement Breeding for Cereals Crop

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Breeding and Genetics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 8606

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Pilar Prieto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dpto. de Mejora Genética Vegetal, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n. Campus Alameda del Obispo, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
Interests: plant breeding; meiosis; chromosome pairing; chromosome dynamics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Antonio Lupini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
AGRARIA Department, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, 89122 Località Feo di Vito, Italy
Interests: population genetics; biodiversity; transcriptomic; high-throughput phenotyping; genotyping; nutrient use efficiency; genetics of root; marker assisted breeding; bioinformatics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cereal crops represent a pivotal source of energy and nutrients for global population, and an ever-escalating expansion of production was recorded in recent decades owing to plant breeding techniques and agricultural management practices. However, feeding the ever-increasing world population ahead of limited arable land as well as ever-changing climate conditions requires efficient breeding strategies to improve cereal crop production, which still represent a major challenge. To achieve this goal, technological advances in functional genomics were adopted to improve the efficiency of genome analysis and breeding programs in addition to phenotypic information. Therefore, this Special Issue aims to highlight new and/or modern biotechnologies useful to improve both cereal production quality and quantity and to address future challenges to food security in a context of sustainable agriculture.

Dr. Pilar Prieto
Dr. Antonio Lupini
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cereal crops
  • genome-wide association study
  • quantitative trait loci
  • genotyping
  • high-throughput phenotyping
  • metabolomics
  • smart agriculture sensors
  • plant breeding
  • omics technologies

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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16 pages, 2564 KiB  
Article
Introgression of Seedling Plant Resistance to Leaf Rust from Agropyron cristatum into Wheat by Induced Homoeologous Recombination
by Adoración Cabrera, Rafael Porras, Carmen Palomino and Josefina Carmen Sillero
Agronomy 2023, 13(2), 334; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020334 - 24 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1886
Abstract
Agropyron cristatum (P genome) is a Triticeae species from the wheat tertiary gene pool which has economic importance as forage and also displays traits beneficial to wheat. Resistance to leaf rust was previously mapped to the short arm of chromosome 1P (1PS) in A. [...] Read more.
Agropyron cristatum (P genome) is a Triticeae species from the wheat tertiary gene pool which has economic importance as forage and also displays traits beneficial to wheat. Resistance to leaf rust was previously mapped to the short arm of chromosome 1P (1PS) in A. cristatum by the development of a compensating Robertsonian translocation involving chromosome arm 1PS and the long arm of wheat chromosome 1B (1BL). In this study, chromosome arm 1PS was engineered using the ph1b mutation to induce 1BS/1PS homoeologous recombination and to obtain new translocations with shortened fragments of chromosome arm 1PS. Two translocations with different alien fragment sizes were identified by genomic in situ hybridization, wheat 1BS- and 1PS-specific molecular markers and gene-specific markers for glutenin, Glu-B3 and gliadin Gli-B1 seed storage protein. One translocation (called type 1) replaces a proximal segment of 1PS chromatin, and the other (called type 2) replaces a distal 1PS segment and introduces the Glu-B3 and Gli-B1 wheat storage protein loci. Six specific EST-STS markers for chromosome arm 1PS amplified PCR products in the recombinant type 2 translocation line. Resistance analysis showed that the type 2 translocation was highly resistant to a virulent race of leaf rust pathogen. The new wheat–A. cristatum translocations obtained yield material with seedling plant resistance to leaf rust and seed storage protein loci. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Biotechnologies and Improvement Breeding for Cereals Crop)
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23 pages, 3339 KiB  
Article
Identification of SNP Markers Associated with Grain Quality Traits in a Barley Collection (Hordeum vulgare L.) Harvested in Kazakhstan
by Yuliya Genievskaya, Shyryn Almerekova, Saule Abugalieva, Vladimir Chudinov, Thomas Blake, Aigul Abugalieva and Yerlan Turuspekov
Agronomy 2022, 12(10), 2431; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102431 - 7 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2542
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a cereal crop traditionally used in animal feed, malting, and food production. In this study, a collection of barley was analyzed according to key grain quality traits, including protein content (GPC), starch content (GSC), extractivity (EX), and [...] Read more.
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a cereal crop traditionally used in animal feed, malting, and food production. In this study, a collection of barley was analyzed according to key grain quality traits, including protein content (GPC), starch content (GSC), extractivity (EX), and grain test weight per liter (TWL). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with GPC, GSC, EX, and TWL using a collection of 658 barley accessions from the USA and Kazakhstan. The collection was grown at three breeding organizations in Kazakhstan in 2010 and 2011 and genotyped using the 9K SNP Illumina chip. As a result, 18 marker-trait associations (MTAs) for GPC, 19 MTAs for GSC, 12 MTAs for EX, and 27 MTAs for TWL were detected, resulting in 30 identified QTLs. It was shown that the genetic locations of 25 of these 30 QTLs were in similar positions to the QTLs and genes previously reported in the scientific literature, suggesting that the 5 remaining QTLs are novel putative genetic factors for the studied grain quality traits. Five of the most significant SNP markers (p < 2.6 × 10−5) for the studied quality traits identified in the GWAS were used for the development of reliable and informative competitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) genotyping assays. The effectiveness of two assays (ipbb_hv_6 and ipbb_hv_128) was confirmed via validation in a separate collection of barley breeding lines grown in large field plots in northern Kazakhstan. Therefore, these KASP assays can be efficiently used in a marker-assisted selection of grain quality traits in barley breeding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Biotechnologies and Improvement Breeding for Cereals Crop)
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19 pages, 2669 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Association Mapping Revealed SNP Alleles Associated with Spike Traits in Wheat
by Shamseldeen Eltaher, Ahmed Sallam, Hamdy A. Emara, Ahmed A. Nower, Khaled F. M. Salem, Andreas Börner, P. Stephen Baenziger and Amira M. I. Mourad
Agronomy 2022, 12(6), 1469; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12061469 - 18 Jun 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3356
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops in the world. Four spike-related traits, namely, spike weight (SW), spike length (SL), the total number of spikelets per spike (TSNS), total kernels per spike (TKNS), and thousand-kernel weight (TKW), were [...] Read more.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops in the world. Four spike-related traits, namely, spike weight (SW), spike length (SL), the total number of spikelets per spike (TSNS), total kernels per spike (TKNS), and thousand-kernel weight (TKW), were evaluated in 270 F3:6 Nebraska winter wheat lines in two environments (Lincoln and North Platte, NE, USA). All genotypes in both locations exhibited high genetic variation for all yield traits. High positive correlations were observed among all yield-related traits in each location separately. No or low correlation in yield-related traits was observed between the two environments. The broad-sense heritability estimates were 72.6, 72.3, 71.2, 72.3, and 56.1% for SW, SL, TSNS, TKNS, and TKW, respectively. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to identify SNPs associated with yield traits. In the Lincoln environment, 44 markers were found to be significantly associated with spike-related traits (SW, SL, TSNS, TKNS, and TKW), while 41 were detected in North Platte. Due to the strong significant genotype x environment, no common SNP markers were found between the two locations. Gene annotation of the significant markers revealed candidate genes encoded for important proteins that are associated directly or indirectly with yield traits. Such high genetic variation among genotypes is very useful for selection to improve yield traits in each location separately. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Biotechnologies and Improvement Breeding for Cereals Crop)
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