Sex Determination in Ectothermic Vertebrates

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 December 2024 | Viewed by 4847

Special Issue Editors


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Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, IT-60131 Ancona, Italy
Interests: evolutionary biology; vertebrate genome; cytogenetics
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Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, IT-60131 Ancona, Italy
Interests: molecular evolution; cytogenetic; vertebrate genome

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Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, IT-60131 Ancona, Italy
Interests: evolutionary biology; molecular evolution; repetitive DNA

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sex determination is one of the most important processes in vertebrate embryonic development. In ectothermic vertebrates, various mechanisms coexist, such as those influenced by environmental conditions and those purely based on genetics, including several intermediate states. Therefore, the study of sex determination in ectothermic vertebrates is very useful to understand the evolutionary steps of sex determination and differentiation in animals.

This Special Issue will include studies based on experimental evidence that suggest or update evolutionary models and that address application prospects.

Prof. Dr. Ettore Olmo
Prof. Dr. Adriana Canapa
Prof. Dr. Maria Assunta Biscotti
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • vertebrates
  • evolution
  • sex determination
  • DNA
  • embryology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1768 KiB  
Article
Homology in Sex Determination in Two Distant Spiny Frogs, Nanorana quadranus and Quasipaa yei
by Yu Xiao, Guangjiong Liao, Wei Luo, Yun Xia and Xiaomao Zeng
Animals 2024, 14(13), 1849; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14131849 - 21 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Sex determination is remarkably diverse, with frequent transitions between sex chromosomes, in amphibians. Under these transitions, some chromosomes are more likely to be recurrently co-opted as sex chromosomes, as they are often observed across deeply divergent taxa. However, little is known about the [...] Read more.
Sex determination is remarkably diverse, with frequent transitions between sex chromosomes, in amphibians. Under these transitions, some chromosomes are more likely to be recurrently co-opted as sex chromosomes, as they are often observed across deeply divergent taxa. However, little is known about the pattern of sex chromosome evolution among closely related groups. Here, we examined sex chromosome and sex determination in two spiny frogs, Nanorana quadranus and Quasipaa yei. We conducted an analysis of genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) data from a total of 34 individuals to identify sex-specific makers, with the results verified by PCR. The results suggest that chromosome 1 is a homologous sex chromosome with an XY pattern in both species. This chromosome has been evolutionarily conserved across these closely related groups within a period of time. The DMRT1 gene is proposed to be implicated in homology across two distantly related spiny frog species as a putative candidate sex-determining gene. Harboring the DMRT1 gene, chromosome 1 would have been independently co-opted for sex determination in deeply divergent groups of anurans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sex Determination in Ectothermic Vertebrates)
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Review

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20 pages, 792 KiB  
Review
Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in Crocodilians and Climate Challenges
by Boglárka Mária Schilling-Tóth, Scott M. Belcher, Josefine Knotz, Silvia Ondrašovičová, Tibor Bartha, István Tóth, Attila Zsarnovszky and Dávid Sándor Kiss
Animals 2024, 14(13), 2015; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14132015 - 8 Jul 2024
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Abstract
The sex of crocodilians is determined by the temperature to which the eggs, and hence the developing embryo are exposed during critical periods of development. Temperature-dependent sex determination is a process that occurs in all crocodilians and numerous other reptile taxa. The study [...] Read more.
The sex of crocodilians is determined by the temperature to which the eggs, and hence the developing embryo are exposed during critical periods of development. Temperature-dependent sex determination is a process that occurs in all crocodilians and numerous other reptile taxa. The study of artificial incubation temperatures in different species of crocodiles and alligators has determined the specific temperature ranges that result in altered sex ratios. It has also revealed the precise temperature thresholds at which an equal number of males and females are generated, as well as the specific developmental period during which the sex of the hatchlings may be shifted. This review will examine the molecular basis of the sex-determination mechanism in crocodilians elucidated during recent decades. It will focus on the many patterns and theories associated with this process. Additionally, we will examine the consequences that arise after hatching due to changes in incubation temperatures, as well as the potential benefits and dangers of a changing climate for crocodilians who display sex determination based on temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sex Determination in Ectothermic Vertebrates)
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