Molecular Mechanisms of Disease Resistance and Immune Responses in Pigs and Chickens

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Physiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 983

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Interests: poultry; immunology; mucosal immunology; gut health; enteric diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pork and poultry are the primary protein sources worldwide. However, the swine and poultry industries are facing significant challenges due to emerging diseases and increased susceptibility to infections, leading to protein shortages and significant economic losses. This Special Issue focuses on advancing our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying disease resistance and immune responses in poultry and pigs. It highlights recent breakthroughs in cutting-edge research on genetics, epigenetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, bioinformatics, and biochemical pathways, providing insights into the complex networks that contribute to host defense mechanisms against pathogens. This Special Issue also highlights novel findings in innate and adaptive immunity, host–pathogen interactions, the role of specific immune cell populations, and the microbiome. This collection of research provides valuable insights for enhancing disease resistance through genetic selection and developing immune-based strategies, including effective vaccines and therapeutic agents for swine and poultry, ultimately improving overall animal health and well-being.

Dr. Ali Nazmi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • avian immunity
  • porcine immunity
  • host–pathogen interactions
  • disease resistance
  • molecular mechanisms
  • immunogenetics
  • immune response
  • pathogens
  • genomics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2437 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Changes in the Intraepithelial Lymphocyte Numbers Following Salmonella Typhimurium Infection in Broiler Chickens
by Shuja Majeed, Bikas R. Shah, Nimra Khalid, Lisa Bielke and Ali Nazmi
Animals 2024, 14(23), 3463; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14233463 - 30 Nov 2024
Viewed by 764
Abstract
At day 21 of age, Ross-308 broilers were orally gavaged with 7.5 × 106 CFU/mL S. Typhimurium (n = 30), and another 30 birds were kept as the control. The body weight of birds was recorded on days 0, 2, 7, and [...] Read more.
At day 21 of age, Ross-308 broilers were orally gavaged with 7.5 × 106 CFU/mL S. Typhimurium (n = 30), and another 30 birds were kept as the control. The body weight of birds was recorded on days 0, 2, 7, and 14 days post-infection (dpi) to calculate body weight gains (BWGs). At each time point, seven birds per group were euthanized for sample collection to acquire IELs and lymphocytes from the ileum and spleen for flow cytometric analysis. A reduction in BWGs of the infected groups compared to the control group was observed only at 2 dpi. Additionally, there were no changes in the expression of IFN-γ, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the ileum at 2 and 7 dpi. The number of IELs increased significantly following Salmonella infection in the ileum at 2 and 7 dpi without any changes in spleen lymphocytes. The increase in the total number of IELs was derived from the elevated numbers of conventional CD8αβ+TCRαβ+ and natural IEL populations (CD4CD8TCRαβ+, CD8αα+TCRαβ+, TCRγδ+, non-T cells (TCRneg, and iCD8α cells)). The increase in regulatory IELs and the stable expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes during the first week of infection suggests the potential role of IELs in modulating intestinal inflammation. Full article
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