Evaluation of the Use of Antimicrobial Intravenous Limb Perfusion to Treat Septic Digital Lesions in Cattle: Why and How to Reduce the Use of These Drugs in Systemic and Local Therapy

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Cattle".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 12 February 2025 | Viewed by 2380

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Unit of Equine Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary 26 Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Teramo, 64100 Piano d’Accio Teramo, Italy
Interests: equine surgery; farm animal surgery; equine emergency; laparoscopy; endoscopy

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Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
Interests: equine surgery; farm animal surgery; equine emergency; endoscopy; laparoscopy

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Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: farm animal surgery; digital dermatitis

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Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
Interests: equine surgery; equine laparoscopy; lameness; equine urogenital surgery
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Dear Colleagues,

Deep digital septic conditions and soft tissue infections of the bovine foot, such as interdigital phlegmon, are responsible for severe lameness, a consequent decrease in milk production and possible premature culling. Antimicrobial intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) is a well-established technique for treating or preventing orthopedic infections of equine distal limbs. Several clinical studies have investigated its use for the treatment of digital septic lesions that are also found in cattle. Currently, there are no antimicrobial drugs labeled for IVRLP in large animals.

The IVRLP method of antimicrobial delivery offers many advantages over systemic administration. Local administration provides particularly high antimicrobial concentrations at the site of infection and minimizes systemic diffusion and potential side effects. A reduction of the total dose compared with animal bodyweight and minimal systemic plasma concentrations of antimicrobial agents are suitable for decreasing milk levels in lactating dairy cattle. To preserve antimicrobial function, the responsible use of antimicrobial drugs and the procedure of local antimicrobial therapy such as IVRLP in the management of digital septic lesions in cattle are strongly recommended.

Different from systemic administration, IVRLP delivers high antimicrobial concentrations to the digital region with minimal systemic diffusion.

Furthermore, antimicrobial concentrations achieved by systemic administration are often nontherapeutic in a highly septic environment.

Dr. Vincenzo Varasano
Dr. Gianluca Celani
Prof. Dr. Carlo Maria Mortellaro
Dr. Lucio Petrizzi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • interdigital phlegmon
  • deep digital septic condition
  • cattle
  • intravenous regional limb perfusion
  • antibiotics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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11 pages, 1195 KiB  
Article
Clinical Efficacy of a Single Intravenous Regional Limb Perfusion with Marbofloxacin versus Ceftiofur Sodium to Treat Acute Interdigital Phlegmon in Dairy Cows
by Gianluca Celani, Paola Straticò, Paolo Albano, Lucio Petrizzi, Carlo Maria Mortellaro and Vincenzo Varasano
Animals 2023, 13(10), 1598; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13101598 - 10 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1941
Abstract
The objective of the study was to compare the clinical efficacy of a single antimicrobial intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) with marbofloxacin versus ceftiofur sodium to treat naturally occurring interdigital phlegmon (IP) in dairy cows. The study had a randomized parallel-group design. Forty [...] Read more.
The objective of the study was to compare the clinical efficacy of a single antimicrobial intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) with marbofloxacin versus ceftiofur sodium to treat naturally occurring interdigital phlegmon (IP) in dairy cows. The study had a randomized parallel-group design. Forty lactating Friesian cows clinically diagnosed with acute IP were enrolled, assigned to one of two treatment groups, and received a single IVRLP with the antimicrobial drug selected (M: 0.67 mg/kg of marbofloxacin; C: 500 mg/animal of ceftiofur sodium). Clinical data for the severity of lameness, digital swelling and local lesion appearance were assessed at diagnosis and at 5, 10 and 15 days post-IVRLP. Clinical resolution was defined as digital swelling disappearance, locomotion score reduction of at least 2/5 points, healed or healing local lesion and no relapse at 15 days after IVRLP. The total daily milk yield of each cow on the day before the clinical detection, on the day of diagnosis and on the day of the clinical follow-up post-IVRLP were registered. Lameness, digital swelling and local lesion severity were not significantly different between groups at any time-point. In both groups, on the fifteenth day after treatment, 17/20 (85%) cows showed a positive outcome, with no significant difference (p > 0.05). The daily milk production of all cows was adversely affected by the clinical onset of IP and gradually returned to a normal level after IVRLP in both groups. These preliminary results support the hypothesis that a single antimicrobial IVRLP procedure, irrespective of the antimicrobial selected (ceftiofur vs. marbofloxacin), has a high success rate and restores milk yield in cases of dairy cattle with acute IP lameness. Full article
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